Zephaniah 1:13

American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

And their wealth shall become a spoil, and their houses a desolation: yea, they shall build houses, but shall not inhabit them; and they shall plant vineyards, but shall not drink the wine thereof.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְהָיָ֤ה חֵילָם֙ לִמְשִׁסָּ֔ה וּבָתֵּיהֶ֖ם לִשְׁמָמָ֑ה וּבָנ֤וּ בָתִּים֙ וְלֹ֣א יֵשֵׁ֔בוּ וְנָטְע֣וּ כְרָמִ֔ים וְלֹ֥א יִשְׁתּ֖וּ אֶת־יֵינָֽם׃

Transliteration

wəhāyāh ḥêlām limšissāh ûḇāttêhem lišmāmāh, ûḇānû ḇāttîm and-not yēšēḇû, wənāṭəʿû ḵərāmîm and-not yištû ʾeṯ-yênām.

Grammar Details

• *wəhāyāh*: conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and it will be
• *ḥêlām*: noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their wealth
• *limšissāh*: preposition + noun, feminine singular - for plunder
• *ûḇāttêhem*: conjunction + noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and their houses
• *lišmāmāh*: preposition + noun, feminine singular - for desolation
• *ûḇānû*: conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person plural - and they will build
• *ḇāttîm*: noun, masculine plural - houses
• *yēšēḇû*: qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will dwell/inhabit
• *wənāṭəʿû*: conjunction + qal perfect, 3rd person plural - and they will plant
• *ḵərāmîm*: noun, masculine plural - vineyards
• *yištû*: qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will drink
• *yênām*: noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their wine

Word Meanings

• *ḥêlām*: their wealth/substance/strength/goods
• *limšissāh*: for plunder/spoil/booty
• *lišmāmāh*: for desolation/waste/devastation
• *yēšēḇû*: they will dwell/inhabit/live in
• *yištû*: they will drink/consume

Referenced Verses

• Amos 5:11 : 11 Forasmuch therefore as ye trample upon the poor, and take exactions from him of wheat: ye have built houses of hewn stone, but ye shall not dwell in them; ye have planted pleasant vineyards, but ye shall not drink the wine thereof.
• Mic 6:15 : 15 Thou shalt sow, but shalt not reap; thou shalt tread the olives, but shalt not anoint thee with oil; and the vintage, but shalt not drink the wine.
• Deut 28:30 : 30 Thou shalt betroth a wife, and another man shall lie with her: thou shalt build a house, and thou shalt not dwell therein: thou shalt plant a vineyard, and shalt not use the fruit thereof.
• Deut 28:39 : 39 Thou shalt plant vineyards and dress them, but thou shalt neither drink of the wine, nor gather [the grapes]; for the worm shall eat them.
• Deut 28:51 : 51 and shall eat the fruit of thy cattle, and the fruit of thy ground, until thou be destroyed; that also shall not leave thee grain, new wine, or oil, the increase of thy cattle, or the young of thy flock, until they have caused thee to perish.
• Isa 5:8-9 : 8 Woe unto them that join house to house, that lay field to field, till there be no room, and ye be made to dwell alone in the midst of the land! 9 In mine ears [saith] Jehovah of hosts, Of a truth many houses shall be desolate, even great and fair, without inhabitant.
• Isa 6:11 : 11 Then said I, Lord, how long? And he answered, Until cities be waste without inhabitant, and houses without man, and the land become utterly waste,
• Isa 24:1-3 : 1 Behold, Jehovah maketh the earth empty, and maketh it waste, and turneth it upside down, and scattereth abroad the inhabitants thereof. 2 And it shall be, as with the people, so with the priest; as with the servant, so with his master; as with the maid, so with her mistress; as with the buyer, so with the seller; as with the creditor, so with the debtor; as with the taker of interest, so with the giver of interest to him. 3 The earth shall be utterly emptied, and utterly laid waste; for Jehovah hath spoken this word.
• Isa 65:21-22 : 21 And they shall build houses, and inhabit them; and they shall plant vineyards, and eat the fruit of them. 22 They shall not build, and another inhabit; they shall not plant, and another eat: for as the days of a tree shall be the days of my people, and my chosen shall long enjoy the work of their hands.
• Jer 4:7 : 7 A lion is gone up from his thicket, and a destroyer of nations; he is on his way, he is gone forth from his place, to make thy land desolate, that thy cities be laid waste, without inhabitant.
• Jer 4:20 : 20 Destruction upon destruction is cried; for the whole land is laid waste: suddenly are my tents destroyed, [and] my curtains in a moment.
• Jer 5:17 : 17 And they shall eat up thy harvest, and thy bread, [which] thy sons and thy daughters should eat; they shall eat up thy flocks and thy herds; they shall eat up thy vines and thy fig-trees; they shall beat down thy fortified cities, wherein thou trustest, with the sword.
• Jer 9:11 : 11 And I will make Jerusalem heaps, a dwelling-place of jackals; and I will make the cities of Judah a desolation, without inhabitant.
• Jer 9:19 : 19 For a voice of wailing is heard out of Zion, How are we ruined! we are greatly confounded, because we have forsaken the land, because they have cast down our dwellings.
• Jer 12:10-13 : 10 Many shepherds have destroyed my vineyard, they have trodden my portion under foot, they have made my pleasant portion a desolate wilderness. 11 They have made it a desolation; it mourneth unto me, being desolate; the whole land is made desolate, because no man layeth it to heart. 12 Destroyers are come upon all the bare heights in the wilderness; for the sword of Jehovah devoureth from the one end of the land even to the other end of the land: no flesh hath peace. 13 They have sown wheat, and have reaped thorns; they have put themselves to pain, and profit nothing: and ye shall be ashamed of your fruits, because of the fierce anger of Jehovah.
• Jer 15:13 : 13 [Thy substance] [and thy treasures] [will I give] [for a spoil] [without price,] [and that for all thy sins,] [even in all thy borders.]
• Ezek 7:19 : 19 They shall cast their silver in the streets, and their gold shall be as an unclean thing; their silver and their gold shall not be able to deliver them in the day of the wrath of Jehovah: they shall not satisfy their souls, neither fill their bowels; because it hath been the stumblingblock of their iniquity.
• Ezek 7:21 : 21 And I will give it into the hands of the strangers for a prey, and to the wicked of the earth for a spoil; and they shall profane it.
• Ezek 22:31 : 31 Therefore have I poured out mine indignation upon them; I have consumed them with the fire of my wrath: their own way have I brought upon their heads, saith the Lord Jehovah.
• Zeph 1:9 : 9 And in that day I will punish all those that leap over the threshold, that fill their master's house with violence and deceit.
• Mic 3:12 : 12 Therefore shall Zion for your sake be plowed as a field, and Jerusalem shall become heaps, and the mountain of the house as the high places of a forest.