1 Samuel 4:3

Bible in Basic English (1941)

And when the people came back to their tents, the responsible men of Israel said, Why has the Lord let the Philistines overcome us today? Let us get the ark of the Lord's agreement here from Shiloh, so that it may be with us and give us salvation from the hands of those who are against us.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיָּבֹ֣א הָעָם֮ אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶה֒ וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ זִקְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לָ֣מָּה נְגָפָ֧נוּ יְהוָ֛ה הַיּ֖וֹם לִפְנֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֑ים נִקְחָ֧ה אֵלֵ֣ינוּ מִשִּׁלֹ֗ה אֶת־אֲרוֹן֙ בְּרִ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה וְיָבֹ֣א בְקִרְבֵּ֔נוּ וְיֹשִׁעֵ֖נוּ מִכַּ֥ף אֹיְבֵֽינוּ׃

Transliteration

And wə yāvō' the-'ām to-the-maḥăneh and wə yō'mərû ziqnê yiśrā'ēl why lāmmāh nəgāpānû YHWH the-yôm before pənê pəlištîm let-us-take niqḥāh to-us from-šilōh 'et-'ărôn bərît YHWH and wə yāvō' in-midst-of-us and wə yōši'ēnû from-kap our-enemies.

Grammar Details

• *yāvō'*: qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular jussive - may it come
• *'ām*: masculine singular noun with definite article - the people
• *maḥăneh*: masculine singular noun with definite article - the camp
• *yō'mərû*: qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural consecutive - they said
• *ziqnê*: masculine plural construct - elders of
• *lāmmāh*: interrogative adverb - why
• *nəgāpānû*: qal perfect 3rd masculine singular + 1st common plural suffix - he has smitten us
• *YHWH*: divine name - Yahweh
• *yôm*: masculine singular noun with definite article - the day
• *pənê*: plural construct - face, presence of
• *niqḥāh*: qal imperfect 1st common plural cohortative - let us take
• *šilōh*: proper noun - Shiloh
• *'ărôn*: masculine singular construct - ark of
• *bərît*: feminine singular construct - covenant of
• *yōši'ēnû*: hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine singular jussive + 1st common plural suffix - may it save us
• *kap*: feminine singular construct - hand, palm of

Word Meanings

• *'ām*: people, nation, troops
• *ziqnê*: elders, old men, leaders
• *nəgāpānû*: struck us, defeated us, afflicted us
• *niqḥāh*: let us take, let us fetch
• *bərît*: covenant, treaty, agreement
• *yōši'ēnû*: may it save us, may it deliver us, may it rescue us
• *kap*: hand, palm, power

Referenced Verses

• Num 10:33 : 33 So they went forward three days' journey from the mountain of the Lord; and the ark of the Lord's agreement went three days' journey before them, looking for a resting-place for them;
• Num 10:35 : 35 And when the ark went forward Moses said, Come up, O Lord, and let the armies of those who are against you be broken, and let your haters go in flight before you.
• Num 31:6 : 6 And Moses sent them out to war, a thousand from every tribe, and with them Phinehas, the son of Eleazar the priest, taking in his hands the vessels of the holy place and the horns for sounding the note of war.
• Deut 29:24 : 24 Truly all the nations will say, Why has the Lord done so to this land? what is the reason for this great and burning wrath?
• Deut 31:26 : 26 Take this book of the law and put it by the ark of the Lord's agreement, so that it may be a witness against you.
• Josh 4:7 : 7 Then you will say to them, Because the waters of Jordan were cut off before the ark of the Lord's agreement; when it went over Jordan the waters of Jordan were cut off: and these stones will be a sign for the children of Israel, keeping it in their memory for ever.
• Josh 6:4-5 : 4 And let seven priests go before the ark with seven loud-sounding horns in their hands: on the seventh day you are to go round the town seven times, the priests blowing their horns. 5 And at the sound of a long note on the horns, let all the people give a loud cry; and the wall of the town will come down flat, and all the people are to go straight forward.
• Josh 7:7 : 7 And Joshua said, O Lord God, why have you taken us over Jordan only to give us up into the hands of the Amorites for our destruction? If only it had been enough for us to keep on the other side of Jordan!
• 1 Sam 14:18 : 18 And Saul said to Ahijah, Let the ephod come here. For he went before Israel with the ephod at that time.
• 2 Sam 15:25 : 25 And the king said to Zadok, Take the ark of God back into the town: if I have grace in the eyes of the Lord, he will let me come back and see it and his House again:
• 1 Chr 17:1 : 1 Now when David was living in his house, he said to Nathan the prophet, See, I am living in a house of cedar-wood, but the ark of the Lord's agreement is under the curtains of a tent.
• Ps 74:1 : 1 <Maschil. Of Asaph.> Of God, why have you put us away from you for ever? why is the fire of your wrath smoking against the sheep who are your care?
• Ps 74:11 : 11 Why are you keeping back your hand, and covering your right hand in your robe?
• Isa 1:11-15 : 11 What use to me is the number of the offerings which you give me? says the Lord; your burned offerings of sheep, and the best parts of fat cattle, are a weariness to me; I take no pleasure in the blood of oxen, or of lambs, or of he-goats. 12 At whose request do you come before me, making my house unclean with your feet? 13 Give me no more false offerings; the smoke of burning flesh is disgusting to me, so are your new moons and Sabbaths and your holy meetings. 14 Your new moons and your regular feasts are a grief to my soul: they are a weight in my spirit; I am crushed under them. 15 And when your hands are stretched out to me, my eyes will be turned away from you: even though you go on making prayers, I will not give ear: your hands are full of blood.
• Isa 50:1 : 1 This is the word of the Lord: Where is the statement which I gave your mother when I put her away? or to which of my creditors have I given you for money? It was for your sins that you were given into the hands of others, and for your evil-doing was your mother put away.
• Isa 58:3 : 3 They say, Why have we kept ourselves from food, and you do not see it? why have we kept ourselves from pleasure, and you take no note of it? If, in the days when you keep from food, you take the chance to do your business, and get in your debts;
• Jer 3:16 : 16 And it will come about, when your numbers are increased in the land, in those days, says the Lord, that they will no longer say, The ark of the agreement of the Lord: it will not come into their minds, they will not have any memory of it, or be conscious of the loss of it, and it will not be made again.
• Jer 7:4 : 4 Put no faith in false words, saying, The Temple of the Lord, the Temple of the Lord, the Temple of the Lord, are these.
• Jer 7:8-9 : 8 See, you put your faith in false words which are of no profit. 9 Will you take the goods of others, put men to death, and be untrue to your wives, and take false oaths, and have perfumes burned to the Baal, and go after other gods which are strange to you; 10 And come and take your place before me in this house, which is named by my name, and say, We have been made safe; so that you may do all these disgusting things? 11 Has this house, which is named by my name, become a hole of thieves to you? Truly I, even I, have seen it, says the Lord. 12 But go now to my place which was in Shiloh, where I put my name at first, and see what I did to it because of the evil-doing of my people Israel. 13 And now, because you have done all these works, says the Lord, and I sent my word to you, getting up early and sending, but you did not give ear; and my voice came to you, but you gave no answer: 14 For this reason I will do to the house which is named by my name, and in which you have put your faith, and to the place which I gave to you and to your fathers, as I have done to Shiloh. 15 And I will send you away from before my face, as I have sent away all your brothers, even all the seed of Ephraim.
• Amos 5:21-22 : 21 Your feasts are disgusting to me, I will have nothing to do with them; I will take no delight in your holy meetings. 22 Even if you give me your burned offerings and your meal offerings, I will not take pleasure in them: I will have nothing to do with the peace-offerings of your fat beasts.
• Matt 3:9-9 : 9 And say not to yourselves, We have Abraham for our father; because I say to you that God is able from these stones to make children for Abraham. 10 And even now the axe is put to the root of the trees; every tree then which does not give good fruit is cut down, and put into the fire.
• Matt 23:25-28 : 25 A curse is on you, scribes and Pharisees, false ones! for you make clean the outside of the cup and of the plate, but inside they are full of violent behaviour and uncontrolled desire. 26 You blind Pharisee, first make clean the inside of the cup and of the plate, so that the outside may become equally clean. 27 A curse is on you, scribes and Pharisees, false ones! for you are like the resting-places of the dead, which are made white, and seem beautiful on the outside, but inside are full of dead men's bones and of all unclean things. 28 Even so you seem to men to be full of righteousness, but inside you are all false and full of wrongdoing.
• Rom 2:28-29 : 28 The true Jew is not one who is only so publicly, and circumcision is not that which may be seen in the flesh: 29 But he is a Jew who is a secret one, whose circumcision is of the heart, in the spirit and not in the letter; whose praise is not from men, but from God.
• 1 Cor 10:1-5 : 1 For it is my desire, my brothers, that you may keep in mind how all our fathers were under the cloud, and they all went through the sea; 2 And they all had baptism from Moses in the cloud and in the sea; 3 And they all took the same holy food; 4 And the same holy drink: for they all took of the water from the holy rock which came after them: and the rock was Christ. 5 But with most of them God was not pleased: for they came to their end in the waste land.
• 2 Tim 3:5 : 5 Having a form of religion, but turning their backs on the power of it: go not with these.
• Heb 9:4 : 4 Having a vessel of gold in it for burning perfumes, and the ark of the agreement, which was covered with gold and which had in it a pot made of gold for the manna, and Aaron's rod which put out buds, and the stones with the writing of the agreement;
• 1 Pet 3:21 : 21 And baptism, of which this is an image, now gives you salvation, not by washing clean the flesh, but by making you free from the sense of sin before God, through the coming again of Jesus Christ from the dead;
• Jude 1:5 : 5 Now it is my purpose to put you in mind, though you once had knowledge of all these things, of how the Lord, having taken a people safely out of Egypt, later sent destruction on those who had no faith;