Genesis 14:1

Bible in Basic English (1941)

Now in the days of Amraphel, king of Shinar, Arioch, king of Ellasar, Chedorlaomer, king of Elam, and Tidal, king of Goiim,

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיְהִ֗י בִּימֵי֙ אַמְרָפֶ֣ל מֶֽלֶךְ־שִׁנְעָ֔ר אַרְי֖וֹךְ מֶ֣לֶךְ אֶלָּסָ֑ר כְּדָרְלָעֹ֙מֶר֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ עֵילָ֔ם וְתִדְעָ֖ל מֶ֥לֶךְ גּוֹיִֽם׃

Transliteration

wə-yəhî in yəmê ʾamrāp̄el melek-šinʿār ʾaryôk melek ʾellāsār kədārlāʿōmer melek ʿêlām wə-ṯiḏʿāl melek gôyim

Grammar Details

• *wə-yəhî*: consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass/and it happened
• *yəmê*: construct plural of *yôm* - days of
• *ʾamrāp̄el*: proper noun, king's name
• *melek*: construct state noun, masculine singular - king of
• *šinʿār*: proper noun, place name (Shinar/Babylon)
• *ʾaryôk*: proper noun, king's name
• *ʾellāsār*: proper noun, place name
• *kədārlāʿōmer*: proper noun, king's name
• *ʿêlām*: proper noun, place name (Elam)
• *wə-ṯiḏʿāl*: conjunction + proper noun, king's name
• *gôyim*: common noun, masculine plural - nations/gentiles

Word Meanings

• *wə-yəhî*: and it happened/and it came to pass/and it was
• *šinʿār*: Shinar/Babylon/Sumer
• *gôyim*: nations/gentiles/peoples

Referenced Verses

• Gen 10:10 : 10 And at the first, his kingdom was Babel and Erech and Accad and Calneh, in the land of Shinar.
• Gen 10:22 : 22 These are the sons of Shem: Elam and Asshur and Arpachshad and Lud and Aram.
• Gen 11:2 : 2 And it came about that in their wandering from the east, they came to a stretch of flat country in the land of Shinar, and there they made their living-place.
• Isa 11:11 : 11 And in that day the hand of the Lord will be stretched out the second time to get back the rest of his people, from Assyria, and from Egypt, and from Pathros, and from Cush, and from Elam, and from Shinar, and from Hamath, and from the sea-lands.
• Isa 21:2 : 2 A vision of fear comes before my eyes; the worker of deceit goes on in his false way, and the waster goes on making waste. Up! Elam; to the attack! Media; I have put an end to her sorrow.
• Isa 22:6 : 6 And Elam was armed with arrows, and Aram came on horseback; and the breastplate of Kir was uncovered.
• Isa 37:12 : 12 Did the gods of the nations keep safe those on whom my fathers sent destruction, Gozan and Haran and Rezeph, and the children of Eden who were in Telassar?
• Jer 25:25 : 25 And all the kings of Zimri, and all the kings of Elam, and all the kings of the Medes;
• Jer 49:34-39 : 34 The word of the Lord which came to Jeremiah the prophet about Elam, when Zedekiah first became king of Judah, saying, 35 This is what the Lord of armies has said: See, I will have the bow of Elam, their chief strength, broken. 36 And I will send on Elam four winds from the four quarters of heaven, driving them out to all those winds; there will be no nation into which the wanderers from Elam do not come. 37 And I will let Elam be broken before their haters, and before those who are making designs against their lives: I will send evil on them, even my burning wrath, says the Lord; and I will send the sword after them till I have put an end to them: 38 I will put the seat of my power in Elam, and in Elam I will put an end to kings and rulers, says the Lord. 39 But it will come about that, in the last days, I will let the fate of Elam be changed, says the Lord.
• Ezek 32:24 : 24 There is Elam and all her people, round about her last resting-place: all of them put to death by the sword, who have gone down without circumcision into the lowest parts of the earth, who were a cause of fear in the land of the living, and are put to shame with those who go down to the underworld:
• Dan 1:2 : 2 And the Lord gave into his hands Jehoiakim, king of Judah, with some of the vessels of the house of God; and he took them away into the land of Shinar to the house of his god; and he put the vessels into the store-house of his god.
• Zech 5:11 : 11 And he said to me, To make a house for her in the land of Shinar: and they will make a place ready, and put her there in the place which is hers.