Leviticus 19:11

Bible in Basic English (1941)

Do not take anyone's property or be false in act or word to another.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

לֹ֖א תִּגְנֹ֑בוּ וְלֹא־תְכַחֲשׁ֥וּ וְלֹֽא־תְשַׁקְּר֖וּ אִ֥ישׁ בַּעֲמִיתֽוֹ

Transliteration

lōʾ tignōḇû wə-lōʾ-ṯəḵaḥăšû wə-lōʾ-ṯəšaqqərû ʾîš baʿămîṯô

Grammar Details

• *lōʾ*: negative particle - not
• *tignōḇû*: Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall steal
• *wə-lōʾ*: conjunction + negative particle - and not
• *ṯəḵaḥăšû*: Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall deny/lie
• *ṯəšaqqərû*: Piel imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall deal falsely
• *ʾîš*: noun, masculine singular - each man/person
• *baʿămîṯô*: preposition + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - against his neighbor

Word Meanings

• *tignōḇû*: steal/take secretly
• *ṯəḵaḥăšû*: deny/lie/deceive/defraud
• *ṯəšaqqərû*: deal falsely/lie/deceive
• *ʿămîṯô*: his neighbor/associate/fellow/companion

Referenced Verses

• Eph 4:25 : 25 And so, putting away false words, let everyone say what is true to his neighbour: for we are parts one of another.
• Col 3:9 : 9 Do not make false statements to one another; because you have put away the old man with all his doings,
• Exod 20:15 : 15 Do not take the property of another.
• Ps 101:7 : 7 The worker of deceit will not come into my house; the false man will have no place before my eyes.
• Jer 9:3-5 : 3 Their tongues are bent like a bow to send out false words: they have become strong in the land, but not for good faith: they go on from evil to evil, and they have no knowledge of me, says the Lord. 4 Let everyone keep watch on his neighbour, and put no faith in any brother: for every brother will certainly be tricking his brother, and every neighbour will go about saying evil. 5 Everyone will make sport of his neighbour with deceit, not saying what is true: their tongues have been trained to say false words; they are twisted, hating to come back.
• Zech 5:3-4 : 3 Then he said to me, This is the curse which goes out over the face of all the land: for long enough has every thief gone without punishment, and long enough has every taker of false oaths gone without punishment. 4 And I will send it out, says the Lord of armies, and it will go into the house of the thief and into the house of him who takes a false oath by my name: and it will be in his house, causing its complete destruction, with its woodwork and its stones.
• Zech 8:16-17 : 16 These are the things which you are to do: Let every man say what is true to his neighbour; and let your judging give peace in your towns. 17 Let no one have any evil thought in his heart against his neighbour; and have no love for false oaths: for all these things are hated by me, says the Lord.
• Acts 5:3-4 : 3 But Peter said, Ananias, why has the Evil One put it into your heart to be false to the Holy Spirit, and to keep back part of the price of the land? 4 While you had it, was it not your property? and after you had given it in exchange, was it not still in your power? how has this purpose come into your mind? you have been false, not to men, but to God.
• Rom 3:4 : 4 In no way: but let God be true, though every man is seen to be untrue; as it is said in the Writings, That your words may be seen to be true, and you may be seen to be right when you are judged.
• 1 Cor 6:8-9 : 8 So far from doing this, you yourselves do wrong and take your brothers' property. 9 Have you not knowledge that evil-doers will have no part in the kingdom of God? Have no false ideas about this: no one who goes after the desires of the flesh, or gives worship to images, or is untrue when married, or is less than a man, or makes a wrong use of men, 10 Or is a thief, or the worse for drink, or makes use of strong language, or takes by force what is not his, will have any part in the kingdom of God.
• Ps 116:11 : 11 Though I said in my fear, All men are false.
• Jer 6:13 : 13 For from the least of them even to the greatest, everyone is given up to getting money; from the prophet even to the priest, everyone is working deceit.
• Jer 7:9-9 : 9 Will you take the goods of others, put men to death, and be untrue to your wives, and take false oaths, and have perfumes burned to the Baal, and go after other gods which are strange to you; 10 And come and take your place before me in this house, which is named by my name, and say, We have been made safe; so that you may do all these disgusting things? 11 Has this house, which is named by my name, become a hole of thieves to you? Truly I, even I, have seen it, says the Lord.
• Exod 20:17 : 17 Let not your desire be turned to your neighbour's house, or his wife or his man-servant or his woman-servant or his ox or his ass or anything which is his.
• Exod 22:1 : 1 If a man takes without right another man's ox or his sheep, and puts it to death or gets a price for it, he is to give five oxen for an ox, or four sheep for a sheep, in payment: the thief will have to make payment for what he has taken; if he has no money, he himself will have to be exchanged for money, so that payment may be made.
• Exod 22:7 : 7 If a man puts money or goods in the care of his neighbour to keep for him, and it is taken from the man's house, if they get the thief, he will have to make payment of twice the value.
• Exod 22:10-12 : 10 If a man puts an ass or an ox or a sheep or any beast into the keeping of his neighbour, and it comes to death or is damaged or is taken away, without any person seeing it: 11 If he takes his oath before the Lord that he has not put his hand to his neighbour's goods, the owner is to take his word for it and he will not have to make payment for it. 12 But if it is taken from him by a thief, he is to make up for the loss of it to its owner.
• Lev 6:2-3 : 2 Give orders to Aaron and to his sons, saying, This is the law for the burned offering: the offering is to be on the fire-wood on the altar all night till the morning; and the fire of the altar is to be kept burning. 3 And the priest is to put on his linen robes and his linen trousers, and take up what is over of the offering after it has been burned on the altar, and put it by the side of the altar.
• Deut 5:19 : 19 Do not take the property of another.
• 1 Tim 1:10 : 10 For those who go after loose women, for those with unnatural desires, for those who take men prisoners, who make false statements and false oaths, and those who do any other things against the right teaching,
• Rev 21:8 : 8 But those who are full of fear and without faith, the unclean and takers of life, those who do the sins of the flesh, and those who make use of evil powers or who give worship to images, and all those who are false, will have their part in the sea of ever-burning fire which is the second death.
• Eph 4:28 : 28 Let him who was a thief be so no longer, but let him do good work with his hands, so that he may have something to give to him who is in need.
• 1 Kgs 13:18 : 18 Then he said to him, I am a prophet like you; and an angel said to me by the word of the Lord, Take him back with you and give him food and water. But he said false words to him.