Luke 23:34

Bible in Basic English (1941)

And Jesus said, Father, let them have forgiveness, for they have no knowledge of what they are doing. And they made division of his clothing among them by the decision of chance.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

¶Ὁ δὲ Ἰησοῦς ἔλεγεν, Πάτερ, ἄφες αὐτοῖς· οὐ γὰρ οἴδασιν τί ποιοῦσιν. Διαμεριζόμενοι δὲ τὰ ἱμάτια αὐτοῦ, ἔβαλον κλῆρον.

Transliteration

The de Iēsous was-elegen, Pater, aphes them; not for they-oidasin what they-poiousin. Diamerizomenoi de the himatia of-him, they-ebalon klēron.

Grammar Details

• *Iēsous*: nominative singular masculine - Jesus
• *elegen*: imperfect active indicative, 3rd singular - was saying
• *Pater*: vocative singular masculine - Father
• *aphes*: aorist active imperative, 2nd singular - forgive/release
• *oidasin*: perfect active indicative, 3rd plural - they know
• *poiousin*: present active indicative, 3rd plural - they do/are doing
• *Diamerizomenoi*: present middle/passive participle, nominative plural masculine - dividing among themselves
• *himatia*: accusative plural neuter - garments/clothes
• *ebalon*: aorist active indicative, 3rd plural - cast/threw
• *klēron*: accusative singular masculine - lot/dice

Word Meanings

• *elegen*: was saying/speaking
• *Pater*: Father
• *aphes*: forgive/release/let go
• *oidasin*: know/understand
• *poiousin*: do/make/perform
• *Diamerizomenoi*: dividing/distributing among themselves
• *himatia*: garments/clothes/robes
• *ebalon*: cast/threw/placed
• *klēron*: lot/dice/portion

Referenced Verses

• Matt 5:44 : 44 But I say to you, Have love for those who are against you, and make prayer for those who are cruel to you;
• Ps 22:18 : 18 They make a division of my robes among them, by the decision of chance they take my clothing.
• 1 Pet 3:9 : 9 Not giving back evil for evil, or curse for curse, but in place of cursing, blessing; because this is the purpose of God for you that you may have a heritage of blessing.
• 1 Pet 2:20-23 : 20 What credit is it if, when you have done evil, you take your punishment quietly? but if you are given punishment for doing right, and take it quietly, this is pleasing to God. 21 This is God's purpose for you: because Jesus himself underwent punishment for you, giving you an example, so that you might go in his footsteps: 22 Who did no evil, and there was no deceit in his mouth: 23 To sharp words he gave no sharp answer; when he was undergoing pain, no angry word came from his lips; but he put himself into the hands of the judge of righteousness:
• Luke 6:27-28 : 27 But I say to you who give ear to me, Have love for those who are against you, do good to those who have hate for you, 28 Give blessing to those who give you curses, say prayers for those who are cruel to you.
• Acts 7:60 : 60 And going down on his knees, he said in a loud voice, Lord, do not make them responsible for this sin. And when he had said this, he went to his rest.
• 1 Cor 2:8 : 8 Of which not one of the rulers of this world had knowledge: for if they had, they would not have put the Lord of glory on the cross:
• Acts 3:17 : 17 And now, my brothers, I am conscious that you did this, as did your rulers, without knowledge.
• Isa 53:12 : 12 For this cause he will have a heritage with the great, and he will have a part in the goods of war with the strong, because he gave up his life, and was numbered with the evil-doers; taking on himself the sins of the people, and making prayer for the wrongdoers.
• Gen 50:17 : 17 You are to say to Joseph, Let the wrongdoing of your brothers be overlooked, and the evil they did to you: now, if it is your pleasure, let the sin of the servants of your father's God have forgiveness. And at these words, Joseph was overcome with weeping.
• Ps 106:16-23 : 16 They were full of envy against Moses among the tents, and against Aaron, the holy one of the Lord. 17 The earth opening put an end to Dathan, covering up Abiram and his band. 18 And a fire was lighted among their tents; the sinners were burned up by the flames. 19 They made a young ox in Horeb, and gave worship to an image of gold. 20 And their glory was changed into the image of an ox, whose food is grass. 21 They had no memory of God their saviour, who had done great things in Egypt; 22 Works of wonder in the land of Ham, and things of fear by the Red Sea. 23 And he was purposing to put an end to them if Moses, his special servant, had not gone up before him, between him and his people, turning back his wrath, to keep them from destruction.
• John 15:22-24 : 22 If I had not come and been their teacher they would have had no sin: but now they have no reason to give for their sin. 23 He who has hate for me has hate for my Father. 24 If I had not done among them the works which no other man ever did, they would have had no sin: but now they have seen, and they have had hate in their hearts for me and my Father.
• 1 Cor 4:12 : 12 And with our hands we do the hardest work: when they give us curses we give blessings, when we undergo punishment we take it quietly;
• 1 Tim 1:13 : 13 Though I had said violent words against God, and done cruel acts, causing great trouble: but I was given mercy, because I did it without knowledge, not having faith;
• Rom 12:14 : 14 Give blessing and not curses to those who are cruel to you.
• John 19:23-24 : 23 And when Jesus was nailed to the cross, the men of the army took his clothing, and made a division of it into four parts, to every man a part, and they took his coat: now the coat was without a join, made out of one bit of cloth. 24 So they said among themselves, Let this not be cut up, but let us put it to the decision of chance and see who gets it. (They did this so that the Writings might come true, which say, They made a distribution of my clothing among them, and my coat they put to the decision of chance.) This was what the men of the army did.
• Luke 12:47-48 : 47 And the servant who had knowledge of his lord's desires and was not ready for him and did not do as he was ordered, will be given a great number of blows; 48 But he who, without knowledge, did things for which punishment is given, will get only a small number of blows. The man to whom much is given, will have to give much; if much is given into his care, of him more will be requested.
• Luke 23:47-48 : 47 And when the captain saw what was done, he gave praise to God, saying, Without doubt this was an upright man. 48 And all the people who had come together to see it, when they saw the things which were done, went back again making signs of grief.
• Matt 11:25 : 25 At that time Jesus made answer and said, I give praise to you, O Father, Lord of heaven and earth, because you have kept these things secret from the wise and the men of learning, and have made them clear to little children.
• Mark 15:24 : 24 And he was nailed to the cross; and they made a division of his clothing among them, putting to the decision of chance what everyone was to take.
• John 19:11 : 11 Jesus gave this answer: You would have no power at all over me if it was not given to you by God; so that he who gave me up to you has the greater sin.