Matthew 12:2

Bible in Basic English (1941)

But the Pharisees, when they saw it, said to him, See, your disciples do that which it is not right to do on the Sabbath.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Οἱ δὲ Φαρισαῖοι ἰδόντες, εἶπον αὐτῷ, Ἰδού, οἱ μαθηταί σου ποιοῦσιν ὃ οὐκ ἔξεστιν ποιεῖν ἐν σαββάτῳ.

Transliteration

The de Pharisaioi idontes, eipon to him, Idou, the mathētai of you poiousin which not exestin poiein on sabbatō.

Grammar Details

• *de*: postpositive particle - but/and/now
• *Pharisaioi*: nominative, masculine, plural - Pharisees
• *idontes*: aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having seen/observing
• *eipon*: aorist active indicative, 3rd person plural - said/spoke
• *Idou*: aorist middle imperative, 2nd person singular - behold/look/see
• *mathētai*: nominative, masculine, plural - disciples/students
• *poiousin*: present active indicative, 3rd person plural - do/are doing
• *exestin*: present active indicative, 3rd person singular, impersonal - it is lawful/permitted
• *poiein*: present active infinitive - to do
• *sabbatō*: dative, neuter, singular - sabbath

Word Meanings

• *idontes*: having seen/when they saw/observing
• *eipon*: said/told/spoke
• *Idou*: behold/look/see here
• *poiousin*: are doing/practice/perform
• *exestin*: is lawful/is permitted/is allowed
• *sabbatō*: sabbath/sabbath day

Referenced Verses

• Matt 12:10 : 10 And there was a man with a dead hand. And they put a question to him, saying, Is it right to make a man well on the Sabbath day? so that they might have something against him.
• Exod 20:9-9 : 9 On six days do all your work: 10 But the seventh day is a Sabbath to the Lord your God; on that day you are to do no work, you or your son or your daughter, your man-servant or your woman-servant, your cattle or the man from a strange country who is living among you: 11 For in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, and the sea, and everything in them, and he took his rest on the seventh day: for this reason the Lord has given his blessing to the seventh day and made it holy.
• Luke 14:3 : 3 And Jesus, answering, said to the scribes and Pharisees, Is it right to make people well on the Sabbath or not?
• Luke 23:56 : 56 And they went back and got ready spices and perfumes; and on the Sabbath they took their rest, in agreement with the law.
• John 5:9-9 : 9 And the man became well straight away, and took up his bed and went. Now that day was the Sabbath. 10 So the Jews said to the man who had been made well, It is the Sabbath; and it is against the law for you to take up your bed. 11 He said to them, But he who made me well, said to me, Take up your bed and go.
• John 5:16-17 : 16 And for this reason the Jews were turned against Jesus, because he was doing these things on the Sabbath. 17 But his answer was: My Father is still working even now, and so I am working.
• John 7:21-24 : 21 This was the answer of Jesus: I have done one work and you are all surprised at it. 22 Moses gave you circumcision--not that it comes from Moses, but from the fathers--and even on the Sabbath you give a child circumcision. 23 If a child is given circumcision on the Sabbath so that the law of Moses may not be broken, why are you angry with me because I made a man completely well on the Sabbath? 24 Let not your decisions be based on what you see, but on righteousness.
• John 9:14-16 : 14 Now the day on which the earth was mixed by Jesus and the man's eyes were made open was the Sabbath. 15 So the Pharisees put more questions to him about how his eyes had been made open. And he said to them, He put earth on my eyes, and I had a wash and am able to see. 16 Then some of the Pharisees said, That man has not come from God, for he does not keep the Sabbath. Others said, How is it possible for a sinner to do such signs? So there was a division among them.
• Exod 23:12 : 12 For six days do your work, and on the seventh day keep the Sabbath; so that your ox and your ass may have rest, together with the son of your servant and the man from a strange land living among you.
• Exod 31:15-17 : 15 Six days may work be done, but the seventh day is a Sabbath of complete rest, holy to the Lord; whoever does any work on the Sabbath day is to be put to death. 16 And the children of Israel are to keep the Sabbath holy, from generation to generation, by an eternal agreement. 17 It is a sign between me and the children of Israel for ever; because in six days the Lord made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he took his rest and had pleasure in it.
• Exod 35:2 : 2 Six days let work be done, but the seventh day is to be a holy day to you, a Sabbath of rest to the Lord; whoever does any work on that day is to be put to death.
• Num 15:32-36 : 32 Now while the children of Israel were in the waste land, they saw a man who was getting sticks on the Sabbath day. 33 And those who saw him getting sticks took him before Moses and Aaron and all the people. 34 And they had him shut up, because they had no directions about what was to be done with him. 35 Then the Lord said to Moses, Certainly the man is to be put to death: let him be stoned by all the people outside the tent-circle. 36 So all the people took him outside the tent-circle and he was stoned to death there, as the Lord gave orders to Moses.
• Isa 58:13 : 13 If you keep the Sabbath with care, not doing your business on my holy day; and if the Sabbath seems to you a delight, and the new moon of the Lord a thing to be honoured; and if you give respect to him by not doing your business, or going after your pleasure, or saying unholy words;
• Mark 3:2-5 : 2 And they were watching him to see if he would make him well on the Sabbath day, so that they might have something against him. 3 And he said to the man, Get up and come forward. 4 And he said to them, Is it right to do good on the Sabbath or to do evil? to give life or to put to death? But they said nothing. 5 And looking round on them he was angry, being sad because of their hard hearts; and he said to the man, Put out your hand. And he put it out, and his hand was made well.
• Luke 6:6-9 : 6 And it came about, on another Sabbath, that he went into the Synagogue and was teaching there. And a man was there whose right hand was dead. 7 And the scribes and Pharisees were watching him to see if he would make him well on the Sabbath, so that they might be able to say something against him. 8 But he had knowledge of their thoughts; and he said to the man whose hand was dead, Get up and come into the middle. And he got up and came forward. 9 And Jesus said, I put the question to you, Is it right to do good on the Sabbath or to do evil? to give life or to take it away? 10 And looking round on all of them, he said to him, Put out your hand. And he did so: and his hand was made well. 11 But they were full of wrath, and were talking together about what they might do to Jesus.
• Luke 13:10-17 : 10 And he was teaching in one of the Synagogues on the Sabbath. 11 And there was a woman who had had a disease for eighteen years; she was bent, and was not able to make herself straight. 12 And when Jesus saw her, he said to her, Woman, you are made free from your disease. 13 And he put his hands on her, and she was made straight, and gave praise to God. 14 And the ruler of the Synagogue was angry because Jesus had made her well on the Sabbath, and he said to the people, There are six days in which men may do work: so come on those days to be made well, and not on the Sabbath. 15 But the Lord gave him an answer and said, O you false men! do you not, every one of you, on the Sabbath, let loose his ox and his ass and take it to the water? 16 And is it not right for this daughter of Abraham, who has been in the power of Satan for eighteen years, to be made free on the Sabbath? 17 And when he said these things, those who were against him were shamed, and all the people were full of joy because of the great things which were done by him.