23{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.20.23",
"source": "וְהַ֨דָּבָ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּ֖רְנוּ אֲנִ֣י וָאָ֑תָּה הִנֵּ֧ה יְהוָ֛ה בֵּינִ֥י וּבֵינְךָ֖ עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃ ס",
"text": "And *haddābār* which *dibbarnû* I and-you, behold *YHWH* between-me and-between-you until-*ʿôlām*",
"grammar": {
"*haddābār*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the word/matter'",
"*dibbarnû*": "verb, Piel perfect, 1st person plural - 'we have spoken'",
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - 'behold'",
"*YHWH*": "divine name - 'LORD'",
"*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular - 'forever/eternity'"
},
"variants": {
"*haddābār*": "the word/matter/thing/agreement",
"*dibbarnû*": "we have spoken/discussed/agreed",
"*ʿôlām*": "forever/eternity/perpetuity"
}
}
24{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.20.24",
"source": "וַיִּסָּתֵ֥ר דָּוִ֖ד בַּשָּׂדֶ֑ה וַיְהִ֣י הַחֹ֔דֶשׁ וַיֵּ֧שֶׁב הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ *על־**אֶל־הַלֶּ֖חֶם לֶאֱכֽוֹל׃",
"text": "And *wayyissātēr* *dāwid* in-*haśśādeh*; and *wayehî* *haḥōdeš* and *wayyēšeb* *hammelek* *ʿal/ʾel*-*halleḥem* *leʾĕkôl*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyissātēr*": "verb, Niphal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - 'and he hid himself'",
"*dāwid*": "proper name - 'David'",
"*haśśādeh*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the field'",
"*wayehî*": "verb, Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - 'and it was'",
"*haḥōdeš*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the new moon/month'",
"*wayyēšeb*": "verb, Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - 'and he sat'",
"*hammelek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the king'",
"*ʿal/ʾel*": "preposition - 'to/at/upon' (text shows variant readings)",
"*halleḥem*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the food/bread'",
"*leʾĕkôl*": "preposition with Qal infinitive construct - 'to eat'"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyissātēr*": "and he hid himself/concealed himself",
"*haśśādeh*": "the field/open country",
"*haḥōdeš*": "the new moon/month/festival",
"*wayyēšeb*": "and he sat/was seated",
"*ʿal/ʾel*": "at/to/upon (textual variant in manuscript)"
}
}
25{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.20.25",
"source": "וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב הַ֠מֶּלֶךְ עַל־מ֨וֹשָׁב֜וֹ כְּפַ֣עַם ׀ בְּפַ֗עַם אֶל־מוֹשַׁב֙ הַקִּ֔יר וַיָּ֙קָם֙ יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב אַבְנֵ֖ר מִצַּ֣ד שָׁא֑וּל וַיִּפָּקֵ֖ד מְק֥וֹם דָּוִֽד׃",
"text": "And *wayyēšeb* *hammelek* on-*môšābô* as-*paʿam* in-*paʿam* to-*môšab* *haqqîr* and *wayyāqom* *yehônātān* and *wayyēšeb* *ʾabnēr* from-*ṣad* *šāʾûl* and *wayyipāqēd* *meqôm* *dāwid*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyēšeb*": "verb, Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - 'and he sat'",
"*hammelek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the king'",
"*môšābô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his seat'",
"*paʿam*": "noun, feminine singular - 'time/occurrence'",
"*môšab*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'seat of'",
"*haqqîr*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the wall'",
"*wayyāqom*": "verb, Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - 'and he arose'",
"*yehônātān*": "proper name - 'Jonathan'",
"*ʾabnēr*": "proper name - 'Abner'",
"*ṣad*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'side of'",
"*šāʾûl*": "proper name - 'Saul'",
"*wayyipāqēd*": "verb, Niphal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - 'and it was empty'",
"*meqôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'place of'",
"*dāwid*": "proper name - 'David'"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyēšeb*": "and he sat/was seated",
"*môšābô*": "his seat/place/position",
"*paʿam* in-*paʿam*": "as at other times/as usual",
"*môšab* *haqqîr*": "seat by the wall/wall-seat",
"*wayyāqom*": "and he arose/stood up",
"*ṣad*": "side/beside",
"*wayyipāqēd*": "and was empty/vacant/missed"
}
}
26{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.20.26",
"source": "וְלֹֽא־דִבֶּ֥ר שָׁא֛וּל מְא֖וּמָה בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא כִּ֤י אָמַר֙ מִקְרֶ֣ה ה֔וּא בִּלְתִּ֥י טָה֛וֹר ה֖וּא כִּֽי־לֹ֥א טָהֽוֹר׃ ס",
"text": "And *lōʾ*-*dibber* *šāʾûl* *meʾûmâ* in-*hayyôm* *hahûʾ* for *ʾāmar* *miqreh* he *biltî* *ṭāhôr* he for-*lōʾ* *ṭāhôr*",
"grammar": {
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - 'not'",
"*dibber*": "verb, Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he spoke'",
"*šāʾûl*": "proper name - 'Saul'",
"*meʾûmâ*": "noun, masculine singular - 'anything'",
"*hayyôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the day'",
"*hahûʾ*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - 'that'",
"*ʾāmar*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he said/thought'",
"*miqreh*": "noun, masculine singular - 'accident/chance occurrence'",
"*biltî*": "adverb - 'not'",
"*ṭāhôr*": "adjective, masculine singular - 'clean/pure'"
},
"variants": {
"*dibber*": "spoke/said",
"*meʾûmâ*": "anything/something",
"*miqreh*": "accident/chance event/something that happened",
"*biltî* *ṭāhôr*": "not clean/unclean/impure",
"*ṭāhôr*": "clean/pure/ritually acceptable"
}
}
27{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.20.27",
"source": "וַיְהִ֗י מִֽמָּחֳרַ֤ת הַחֹ֙דֶשׁ֙ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י וַיִּפָּקֵ֖ד מְק֣וֹם דָּוִ֑ד ס וַיֹּ֤אמֶר שָׁאוּל֙ אֶל־יְהוֹנָתָ֣ן בְּנ֔וֹ מַדּ֜וּעַ לֹא־בָ֧א בֶן־יִשַׁ֛י גַּם־תְּמ֥וֹל גַּם־הַיּ֖וֹם אֶל־הַלָּֽחֶם׃",
"text": "And *wayehî* from-*mimmāḥŏrat* *haḥōdeš* *haššēnî* and *wayyippāqēd* *meqôm* *dāwid* and *wayyōʾmer* *šāʾûl* to-*yehônātān* *benô* why *lōʾ*-came *ben*-*yišay* also-*temôl* also-*hayyôm* to-*hallāḥem*",
"grammar": {
"*wayehî*": "verb, Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - 'and it was'",
"*mimmāḥŏrat*": "preposition with noun, feminine singular construct - 'from the next day of'",
"*haḥōdeš*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the new moon/month'",
"*haššēnî*": "adjective, masculine singular with definite article - 'the second'",
"*wayyippāqēd*": "verb, Niphal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - 'and was empty'",
"*meqôm*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'place of'",
"*dāwid*": "proper name - 'David'",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "verb, Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - 'and he said'",
"*šāʾûl*": "proper name - 'Saul'",
"*yehônātān*": "proper name - 'Jonathan'",
"*benô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - 'his son'",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - 'not'",
"*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'son of'",
"*yišay*": "proper name - 'Jesse'",
"*temôl*": "adverb - 'yesterday'",
"*hayyôm*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the day/today'",
"*hallāḥem*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the food/meal'"
},
"variants": {
"*mimmāḥŏrat*": "on the next day/morrow",
"*haḥōdeš* *haššēnî*": "the second day of the new moon/the second new moon day",
"*wayyippāqēd*": "was empty/vacant/missing",
"*ben*-*yišay*": "son of Jesse (refers to David)",
"*temôl*": "yesterday/before",
"*hallāḥem*": "the meal/food/bread"
}
}
28{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.20.28",
"source": "וַיַּ֥עַן יְהוֹנָתָ֖ן אֶת־שָׁא֑וּל נִשְׁאֹ֨ל נִשְׁאַ֥ל דָּוִ֛ד מֵעִמָּדִ֖י עַד־בֵּ֥ית לָֽחֶם׃",
"text": "And *wayyaʿan* *yehônātān* *ʾet*-*šāʾûl* *nišʾōl* *nišʾal* *dāwid* from-with-me unto-*bêt* *lāḥem*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿan*": "verb, Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - 'and he answered'",
"*yehônātān*": "proper name - 'Jonathan'",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*šāʾûl*": "proper name - 'Saul'",
"*nišʾōl*": "verb, Niphal infinitive absolute - 'asking'",
"*nišʾal*": "verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he asked'",
"*dāwid*": "proper name - 'David'",
"*bêt*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'house of'",
"*lāḥem*": "proper name - 'Bethlehem'"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyaʿan*": "and he answered/replied",
"*nišʾōl* *nišʾal*": "earnestly asked/urgently requested",
"*bêt* *lāḥem*": "Bethlehem (lit. 'house of bread')"
}
}
29{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.20.29",
"source": "וַיֹּ֡אמֶר שַׁלְּחֵ֣נִי נָ֡א כִּ֣י זֶבַח֩ מִשְׁפָּחָ֨ה לָ֜נוּ בָּעִ֗יר וְה֤וּא צִוָּֽה־לִי֙ אָחִ֔י וְעַתָּ֗ה אִם־מָצָ֤אתִי חֵן֙ בְּעֵינֶ֔יךָ אִמָּ֥לְטָה נָּ֖א וְאֶרְאֶ֣ה אֶת־אֶחָ֑י עַל־כֵּ֣ן לֹא־בָ֔א אֶל־שֻׁלְחַ֖ן הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ ס",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmer* *šalleḥēnî* *nāʾ* for *zebaḥ* *mišpāḥâ* to-us in-*hāʿîr* and-he *ṣiwwâ*-to-me *ʾāḥî* and-now if-*māṣāʾtî* *ḥēn* in-*ʿênêkā* *ʾimmāleṭâ* *nāʾ* and-*ʾerʾeh* *ʾet*-*ʾeḥāy*; upon-thus *lōʾ*-came to-*šulḥan* *hammelek*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmer*": "verb, Qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - 'and he said'",
"*šalleḥēnî*": "verb, Piel imperative, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - 'let me go'",
"*nāʾ*": "particle - 'please'",
"*zebaḥ*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'sacrifice of'",
"*mišpāḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular - 'family'",
"*hāʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - 'the city'",
"*ṣiwwâ*": "verb, Piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - 'he commanded'",
"*ʾāḥî*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - 'my brother'",
"*māṣāʾtî*": "verb, Qal perfect, 1st person singular - 'I have found'",
"*ḥēn*": "noun, masculine singular - 'favor'",
"*ʿênêkā*": "noun, dual construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - 'your eyes'",
"*ʾimmāleṭâ*": "verb, Niphal imperfect cohortative, 1st person singular - 'let me escape/slip away'",
"*ʾerʾeh*": "verb, Qal imperfect cohortative, 1st person singular - 'let me see'",
"*ʾeḥāy*": "noun, masculine plural with 1st person singular suffix - 'my brothers'",
"*lōʾ*": "negative particle - 'not'",
"*šulḥan*": "noun, masculine singular construct - 'table of'",
"*hammelek*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - 'the king'"
},
"variants": {
"*šalleḥēnî*": "let me go/send me",
"*nāʾ*": "please/I pray",
"*zebaḥ* *mišpāḥâ*": "family sacrifice/clan feast",
"*ṣiwwâ*": "commanded/ordered",
"*māṣāʾtî* *ḥēn* in-*ʿênêkā*": "I have found favor in your eyes/you regard me favorably",
"*ʾimmāleṭâ*": "let me slip away/escape/depart",
"*ʾerʾeh*": "let me see/visit",
"*šulḥan*": "table/feast"
}
}