1 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.23.1",
"source": "וַיַּגִּ֥דוּ לְדָוִ֖ד לֵאמֹ֑ר הִנֵּ֤ה פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ נִלְחָמִ֣ים בִּקְעִילָ֔ה וְהֵ֖מָּה שֹׁסִ֥ים אֶת־הַגֳּרָנֽוֹת",
"text": "And *wayyaggîdû* to *Dāwid* *lēʾmōr*: *hinnēh* *Pᵊlištîm* *nilḥāmîm* in *Qᵊʿîlāh* and *hēmmāh* *šōsîm* *ʾet*-the *gŏrānôt*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaggîdû*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they told/reported",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying",
"*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold",
"*Pᵊlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines",
"*nilḥāmîm*": "Niphal participle, masculine plural - fighting/warring",
"*Qᵊʿîlāh*": "proper noun, place name",
"*hēmmāh*": "independent personal pronoun, 3rd masculine plural - they",
"*šōsîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - plundering/raiding",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*gŏrānôt*": "noun, common feminine plural construct - threshing floors"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyaggîdû*": "they told/they reported/they informed",
"*lēʾmōr*": "saying/speaking",
"*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see",
"*nilḥāmîm*": "fighting/battling/waging war",
"*šōsîm*": "plundering/raiding/robbing/looting",
"*gŏrānôt*": "threshing floors/granaries/grain storage areas"
}
}
2 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.23.2",
"source": "וַיִּשְׁאַ֨ל דָּוִ֤ד בַּֽיהוָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר הַאֵלֵ֣ךְ וְהִכֵּ֔יתִי בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה ס וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־דָּוִ֗ד לֵ֚ךְ וְהִכִּ֣יתָ בַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וְהוֹשַׁעְתָּ֖ אֶת־קְעִילָֽה",
"text": "And *wayyišʾal* *Dāwid* in *YHWH* *lēʾmōr*: *haʾēlēk* and *wᵊhikkêtî* against the *Pᵊlištîm* *hāʾēlleh*? And *wayyōʾmer* *YHWH* to *Dāwid*: *lēk* and *wᵊhikkîtā* against the *Pᵊlištîm* and *wᵊhôšaʿtā* *ʾet*-*Qᵊʿîlāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyišʾal*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he inquired/asked",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying",
"*haʾēlēk*": "interrogative particle + Qal imperfect, 1st common singular - shall I go?",
"*wᵊhikkêtî*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 1st common singular - and I will strike",
"*Pᵊlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines",
"*hāʾēlleh*": "demonstrative adjective, plural - these",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*lēk*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - go",
"*wᵊhikkîtā*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you will strike",
"*wᵊhôšaʿtā*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you will save",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*Qᵊʿîlāh*": "proper noun, place name"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyišʾal*": "he inquired/he asked/he questioned",
"*lēʾmōr*": "saying/speaking",
"*haʾēlēk*": "shall I go?/should I go?",
"*wᵊhikkêtî*": "and I will strike/and I will attack/and I will defeat",
"*wᵊhikkîtā*": "and you will strike/and you will attack/and you will defeat",
"*wᵊhôšaʿtā*": "and you will save/and you will deliver/and you will rescue"
}
}
3 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.23.3",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ אַנְשֵׁ֤י דָוִד֙ אֵלָ֔יו הִנֵּ֨ה אֲנַ֥חְנוּ פֹ֛ה בִּֽיהוּדָ֖ה יְרֵאִ֑ים וְאַף֙ כִּֽי־נֵלֵ֣ךְ קְעִלָ֔ה אֶל־מֽ͏ַעַרְכ֖וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים",
"text": "And *wayyōʾmᵊrû* *ʾanšê* *Dāwid* to him: *hinnēh* *ʾănaḥnû* here in *Yᵊhûdāh* *yᵊrēʾîm*, and *wᵊʾap* *kî*-we go *Qᵊʿilāh* to *maʿarᵊkôt* *Pᵊlištîm*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyōʾmᵊrû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they said",
"*ʾanšê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - men of",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular",
"*hinnēh*": "interjection - behold",
"*ʾănaḥnû*": "independent personal pronoun, 1st common plural - we",
"*Yᵊhûdāh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Judah",
"*yᵊrēʾîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - afraid/fearful",
"*wᵊʾap*": "conjunction + particle - and moreover/even",
"*kî*": "conjunction - that/when/if",
"*Qᵊʿilāh*": "proper noun, place name",
"*maʿarᵊkôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - battle lines/ranks",
"*Pᵊlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyōʾmᵊrû*": "they said/they spoke/they told",
"*ʾanšê*": "men of/people of/followers of",
"*hinnēh*": "behold/look/see",
"*yᵊrēʾîm*": "afraid/fearful/frightened",
"*wᵊʾap*": "and moreover/and even/how much more",
"*maʿarᵊkôt*": "battle lines/ranks/armies"
}
}
4 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.23.4",
"source": "וַיּ֨וֹסֶף ע֤וֹד דָּוִד֙ לִשְׁאֹ֣ל בַּֽיהוָ֔ה ס וַֽיַּעֲנֵ֖הוּ יְהוָ֑ה וַיֹּ֗אמֶר ק֚וּם רֵ֣ד קְעִילָ֔ה כִּֽי־אֲנִ֥י נֹתֵ֛ן אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים בְּיָדֶֽךָ",
"text": "And *wayyôsep* again *Dāwid* *lišʾōl* in *YHWH*, and *wayyaʿănēhû* *YHWH* and *wayyōʾmer*: *qûm* *rēd* *Qᵊʿîlāh* *kî*-I *nōtēn* *ʾet*-*Pᵊlištîm* in your hand",
"grammar": {
"*wayyôsep*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he added/continued",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular",
"*lišʾōl*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to inquire/ask",
"*YHWH*": "divine name",
"*wayyaʿănēhû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he answered him",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*qûm*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - arise",
"*rēd*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - go down",
"*Qᵊʿîlāh*": "proper noun, place name",
"*kî*": "conjunction - for/because",
"*nōtēn*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - giving",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*Pᵊlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines",
"*yādekā*": "noun, feminine singular construct + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyôsep*": "he added/he continued/he proceeded again",
"*lišʾōl*": "to inquire/to ask/to question",
"*wayyaʿănēhû*": "and he answered him/and he responded to him",
"*qûm*": "arise/stand up/get up",
"*rēd*": "go down/descend/head down to",
"*nōtēn*": "giving/delivering/handing over"
}
}
5 {
"verseID": "1 Samuel.23.5",
"source": "וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִד֩ *ואנשו **וַאֲנָשָׁ֨יו קְעִילָ֜ה וַיִּלָּ֣חֶם בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וַיִּנְהַג֙ אֶת־מִקְנֵיהֶ֔ם וַיַּ֥ךְ בָּהֶ֖ם מַכָּ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣שַׁע דָּוִ֔ד אֵ֖ת יֹשְׁבֵ֥י קְעִילָֽה",
"text": "And *wayyēlek* *Dāwid* and *waʾănāšāyw* to *Qᵊʿîlāh* and *wayyillāḥem* against the *Pᵊlištîm* and *wayyinhag* *ʾet*-their *miqnêhem* and *wayyak* against them *makkāh* *gᵊdôlāh*; and *wayyōšaʿ* *Dāwid* *ʾēt* *yōšᵊbê* *Qᵊʿîlāh*",
"grammar": {
"*wayyēlek*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he went",
"*Dāwid*": "proper noun, masculine singular",
"*waʾănāšāyw*": "waw-conjunctive + noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - and his men",
"*Qᵊʿîlāh*": "proper noun, place name",
"*wayyillāḥem*": "waw-consecutive + Niphal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he fought",
"*Pᵊlištîm*": "proper noun, masculine plural - Philistines",
"*wayyinhag*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he drove away",
"*ʾet*": "direct object marker",
"*miqnêhem*": "noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their livestock",
"*wayyak*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he struck",
"*makkāh*": "noun, feminine singular - blow/defeat",
"*gᵊdôlāh*": "adjective, feminine singular - great",
"*wayyōšaʿ*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he saved",
"*ʾēt*": "direct object marker",
"*yōšᵊbê*": "Qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of",
"*Qᵊʿîlāh*": "proper noun, place name"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyēlek*": "and he went/and he walked/and he traveled",
"*waʾănāšāyw*": "and his men/and his followers/and his people",
"*wayyillāḥem*": "and he fought/and he battled/and he waged war",
"*wayyinhag*": "and he drove away/and he led away/and he took",
"*miqnêhem*": "their livestock/their cattle/their possessions",
"*wayyak*": "and he struck/and he smote/and he attacked",
"*makkāh*": "blow/defeat/slaughter",
"*gᵊdôlāh*": "great/large/severe",
"*wayyōšaʿ*": "and he saved/and he delivered/and he rescued",
"*yōšᵊbê*": "inhabitants of/residents of/dwellers in"
}
}