2{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.2",
"source": "וַיָּ֣קָם שָׁא֗וּל וַיֵּ֙רֶד֙ אֶל־מִדְבַּר־זִ֔יף וְאִתּ֛וֹ שְׁלֹֽשֶׁת־אֲלָפִ֥ים אִ֖ישׁ בְּחוּרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל לְבַקֵּ֥שׁ אֶת־דָּוִ֖ד בְּמִדְבַּר־זִֽיף׃",
"text": "And *wayyāqom* *šāʾûl* and *wayyēreḏ* to *miḏbar*-*zîp̄*, and with him *šәlōšeṯ*-*ʾălāp̄îm* *ʾîš* *bәḥûrê* *yiśrāʾēl*, to *lәḇaqqēš* *ʾeṯ*-*dāwiḏ* in *miḏbar*-*zîp̄*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāqom*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he arose",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*wayyēreḏ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he went down",
"*miḏbar*": "Noun construct, masculine singular - wilderness of",
"*zîp̄*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Ziph",
"*šәlōšeṯ*": "Noun construct, feminine singular - three of",
"*ʾălāp̄îm*": "Noun, masculine plural - thousands",
"*ʾîš*": "Noun, masculine singular - men",
"*bәḥûrê*": "Noun construct, masculine plural - chosen men of",
"*yiśrāʾēl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Israel",
"*lәḇaqqēš*": "Piel infinitive construct with preposition - to seek",
"*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyāqom*": "arose/stood up",
"*wayyēreḏ*": "went down/descended",
"*miḏbar*": "wilderness/desert",
"*bәḥûrê*": "chosen men/select men/elite men",
"*lәḇaqqēš*": "to seek/to search for/to hunt"
}
}
3{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.3",
"source": "וַיִּ֨חַן שָׁא֜וּל בְּגִבְעַ֣ת הַחֲכִילָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֛ר עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הַיְשִׁימֹ֖ן עַל־הַדָּ֑רֶךְ וְדָוִד֙ יֹשֵׁ֣ב בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר וַיַּ֕רְא כִּ֣י בָ֥א שָׁא֛וּל אַחֲרָ֖יו הַמִּדְבָּֽרָה׃",
"text": "And *wayyiḥan* *šāʾûl* in *giḇʿaṯ* the *ḥăḵîlâ* *ʾăšer* on *pәnê* the *yәšîmōn* on the *dāreḵ*. And *dāwiḏ* *yōšēḇ* in the *midḇār*, and *wayyarʾ* that *ḇā* *šāʾûl* after him to the *midḇārâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiḥan*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he encamped",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*giḇʿaṯ*": "Noun construct, feminine singular - hill of",
"*ḥăḵîlâ*": "Proper noun, feminine singular with definite article - the Hachilah",
"*ʾăšer*": "Relative pronoun - which",
"*pәnê*": "Noun construct, masculine plural - face of",
"*yәšîmōn*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the desert/wilderness",
"*dāreḵ*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the road/way",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*yōšēḇ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - dwelling/staying",
"*midḇār*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the wilderness",
"*wayyarʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he saw",
"*ḇā*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - had come",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*midḇārâ*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article and directional he - to the wilderness"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiḥan*": "encamped/pitched camp",
"*ʾăšer*": "which/that",
"*pәnê*": "face of/in front of/overlooking",
"*yәšîmōn*": "desert/wilderness/wasteland",
"*dāreḵ*": "road/way/path",
"*yōšēḇ*": "dwelling/staying/sitting",
"*midḇār*": "wilderness/desert",
"*wayyarʾ*": "saw/perceived",
"*ḇā*": "had come/was coming"
}
}
4{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.4",
"source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֥ח דָּוִ֖ד מְרַגְּלִ֑ים וַיֵּ֕דַע כִּֽי־בָ֥א שָׁא֖וּל אֶל־נָכֽוֹן׃",
"text": "And *wayyišlaḥ* *dāwiḏ* *mәraggәlîm* and *wayyēḏaʿ* that *ḇā* *šāʾûl* to *nāḵôn*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyišlaḥ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he sent",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*mәraggәlîm*": "Piel participle, masculine plural - spies",
"*wayyēḏaʿ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he knew",
"*ḇā*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - had come",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*nāḵôn*": "Noun, masculine singular - certainty/for certain/to a fixed place"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyišlaḥ*": "sent/dispatched",
"*mәraggәlîm*": "spies/scouts",
"*wayyēḏaʿ*": "knew/found out/learned",
"*ḇā*": "had come/was coming/arrived",
"*nāḵôn*": "certainty/fixed place/established position/for certain"
}
}
5{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.5",
"source": "וַיָּ֣קָם דָּוִ֗ד וַיָּבֹא֮ אֶֽל־הַמָּקוֹם֮ אֲשֶׁ֣ר חָנָה־שָׁ֣ם שָׁאוּל֒ וַיַּ֣רְא דָּוִ֗ד אֶת־הַמָּקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר שָֽׁכַב־שָׁ֣ם שָׁא֔וּל וְאַבְנֵ֥ר בֶּן־נֵ֖ר שַׂר־צְבָא֑וֹ וְשָׁאוּל֙ שֹׁכֵ֣ב בַּמַּעְגָּ֔ל וְהָעָ֖ם חֹנִ֥ים סְבִיבֹתָֽיו׃",
"text": "And *wayyāqom* *dāwiḏ* and *wayyāḇōʾ* to the *māqôm* *ʾăšer* *ḥānâ*-there *šāʾûl*. And *wayyarʾ* *dāwiḏ* *ʾeṯ*-the *māqôm* *ʾăšer* *šāḵaḇ*-there *šāʾûl* and *ʾaḇnēr* son of-*nēr* *śar*-*ṣәḇāʾô*. And *šāʾûl* *šōḵēḇ* in the *maʿgāl* and the *ʿām* *ḥōnîm* *sәḇîḇōṯāyw*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāqom*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he arose",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*wayyāḇōʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he came",
"*māqôm*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the place",
"*ʾăšer*": "Relative pronoun - which/where",
"*ḥānâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - had encamped",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*wayyarʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he saw",
"*ʾeṯ*": "Direct object marker",
"*šāḵaḇ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular - had lain down",
"*ʾaḇnēr*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Abner",
"*nēr*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Ner",
"*śar*": "Noun construct, masculine singular - commander of",
"*ṣәḇāʾô*": "Noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his army",
"*šōḵēḇ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - lying",
"*maʿgāl*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the entrenchment/wagon-circle/barricade",
"*ʿām*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people/troops",
"*ḥōnîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - encamping/camping",
"*sәḇîḇōṯāyw*": "Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - around him"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyāqom*": "arose/stood up",
"*wayyāḇōʾ*": "came/went/arrived",
"*māqôm*": "place/location/site",
"*ḥānâ*": "had encamped/had camped",
"*wayyarʾ*": "saw/perceived/observed",
"*šāḵaḇ*": "had lain down/was sleeping/was lying",
"*śar*": "commander/prince/captain",
"*ṣәḇāʾô*": "his army/his host/his forces",
"*šōḵēḇ*": "lying/sleeping",
"*maʿgāl*": "entrenchment/wagon-circle/barricade/camp",
"*ʿām*": "people/troops/soldiers",
"*ḥōnîm*": "encamping/camping/staying",
"*sәḇîḇōṯāyw*": "around him/surrounding him"
}
}
6{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.6",
"source": "וַיַּ֨עַן דָּוִ֜ד וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ׀ אֶל־אֲחִימֶ֣לֶךְ הַחִתִּ֗י וְאֶל־אֲבִישַׁ֨י בֶּן־צְרוּיָ֜ה אֲחִ֤י יוֹאָב֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר מִֽי־יֵרֵ֥ד אִתִּ֛י אֶל־שָׁא֖וּל אֶל־הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲבִישַׁ֔י אֲנִ֖י אֵרֵ֥ד עִמָּֽךְ׃",
"text": "And *wayyaʿan* *dāwiḏ* and *wayyōʾmer* to *ʾăḥîmeleḵ* the *ḥittî* and to *ʾăḇîšay* son of-*ṣәrûyâ* brother of-*yôʾāḇ* *lēʾmōr*: Who-*yērēḏ* with me to *šāʾûl* to the *maḥăneh*? And *wayyōʾmer* *ʾăḇîšay*: I *ʾērēḏ* with you.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyaʿan*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he answered",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he said",
"*ʾăḥîmeleḵ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Ahimelech",
"*ḥittî*": "Gentilic adjective, masculine singular with definite article - the Hittite",
"*ʾăḇîšay*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Abishai",
"*ṣәrûyâ*": "Proper noun, feminine singular - Zeruiah",
"*yôʾāḇ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Joab",
"*lēʾmōr*": "Qal infinitive construct with preposition - saying",
"*yērēḏ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - will go down",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*maḥăneh*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the camp",
"*ʾăḇîšay*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Abishai",
"*ʾērēḏ*": "Qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will go down"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyaʿan*": "answered/responded/replied",
"*wayyōʾmer*": "said/spoke",
"*ḥittî*": "Hittite (person from Heth)",
"*lēʾmōr*": "saying/to say",
"*yērēḏ*": "will go down/will descend",
"*maḥăneh*": "camp/encampment",
"*ʾērēḏ*": "I will go down/I will descend"
}
}
7{
"verseID": "1 Samuel.26.7",
"source": "וַיָּבֹא֩ דָוִ֨ד וַאֲבִישַׁ֥י ׀ אֶל־הָעָם֮ לַיְלָה֒ וְהִנֵּ֣ה שָׁא֗וּל שֹׁכֵ֤ב יָשֵׁן֙ בַּמַּעְגָּ֔ל וַחֲנִית֥וֹ מְעוּכָֽה־בָאָ֖רֶץ מְרַאֲשֹׁתָ֑יו וְאַבְנֵ֣ר וְהָעָ֔ם שֹׁכְבִ֖ים סְבִיבֹתָֽיו׃",
"text": "And *wayyāḇōʾ* *dāwiḏ* and *ʾăḇîšay* to the *ʿām* by *laylâ*. And *wәhinnēh* *šāʾûl* *šōḵēḇ* *yāšēn* in the *maʿgāl*, and *wăḥănîṯô* *mәʿûḵâ*-in the *ʾāreṣ* *mәraʾăšōṯāyw*, and *ʾaḇnēr* and the *ʿām* *šōḵәḇîm* *sәḇîḇōṯāyw*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyāḇōʾ*": "Qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with waw consecutive - and he came",
"*dāwiḏ*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - David",
"*ʾăḇîšay*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Abishai",
"*ʿām*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people/troops",
"*laylâ*": "Noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition - by night",
"*wәhinnēh*": "Demonstrative particle - and behold",
"*šāʾûl*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Saul",
"*šōḵēḇ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - lying",
"*yāšēn*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - sleeping",
"*maʿgāl*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the entrenchment/wagon-circle",
"*wăḥănîṯô*": "Noun, feminine singular with conjunction and 3rd person masculine singular suffix - and his spear",
"*mәʿûḵâ*": "Qal passive participle, feminine singular - stuck/thrust",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "Noun, feminine singular with prefixed preposition and definite article - in the ground",
"*mәraʾăšōṯāyw*": "Noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - at his head",
"*ʾaḇnēr*": "Proper noun, masculine singular - Abner",
"*ʿām*": "Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the people/troops",
"*šōḵәḇîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - lying",
"*sәḇîḇōṯāyw*": "Preposition with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - around him"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyāḇōʾ*": "came/went/arrived",
"*ʿām*": "people/troops/soldiers",
"*laylâ*": "by night/during the night",
"*wәhinnēh*": "and behold/and look",
"*šōḵēḇ*": "lying/lying down",
"*yāšēn*": "sleeping/asleep",
"*maʿgāl*": "entrenchment/wagon-circle/barricade/camp",
"*mәʿûḵâ*": "stuck/thrust/driven",
"*ʾāreṣ*": "ground/earth/land",
"*mәraʾăšōṯāyw*": "at his head/at his head-place",
"*šōḵәḇîm*": "lying/sleeping",
"*sәḇîḇōṯāyw*": "around him/surrounding him"
}
}