7{
"verseID": "Esther.8.7",
"source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹשׁ֙ לְאֶסְתֵּ֣ר הַמַּלְכָּ֔ה וּֽלְמָרְדֳּכַ֖י הַיְּהוּדִ֑י הִנֵּ֨ה בֵית־הָמָ֜ן נָתַ֣תִּי לְאֶסְתֵּ֗ר וְאֹתוֹ֙ תָּל֣וּ עַל־הָעֵ֔ץ עַ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־שָׁלַ֥ח יָד֖וֹ בַּיְּהוּדִֽים׃",
"text": "And *wayyō'mer* the *melek* *'ăḥašwērōš* to *'estēr* the *malkâ* and to *mordŏkay* the *yĕhûdî* *hinnēh* *bêt*-*hāmān* *nātattî* to *'estēr* and *'ōtô* *tālû* upon-the *'ēṣ* because that-*šālaḥ* *yādô* against the *yĕhûdîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyō'mer*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and he said",
"*yĕhûdî*": "adjective, masculine singular - Jewish",
"*hinnēh*": "demonstrative particle - behold",
"*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have given",
"*'ōtô*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine singular suffix - him",
"*tālû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they hanged",
"*'ēṣ*": "definite noun, masculine singular - tree/gallows",
"*šālaḥ*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he stretched out",
"*yādô*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand"
},
"variants": {
"*hinnēh*": "behold/see/indeed",
"*nātattî*": "I have given/bestowed/granted",
"*tālû*": "they hanged/impaled",
"*'ēṣ*": "tree/gallows/wooden structure",
"*šālaḥ* *yādô*": "stretched out his hand/laid hands on/attacked"
}
}
8{
"verseID": "Esther.8.8",
"source": "וְ֠אַתֶּם כִּתְב֨וּ עַל־הַיְּהוּדִ֜ים כַּטּ֤וֹב בְּעֵֽינֵיכֶם֙ בְּשֵׁ֣ם הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְחִתְמ֖וּ בְּטַבַּ֣עַת הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ כִּֽי־כְתָ֞ב אֲשֶׁר־נִכְתָּ֣ב בְּשֵׁם־הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ וְנַחְתּ֛וֹם בְּטַבַּ֥עַת הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֵ֥ין לְהָשִֽׁיב׃",
"text": "And *'attem* *kitbû* concerning-the *yĕhûdîm* as the *ṭôb* in *'ênêkem* in *šēm* the *melek* and *ḥitmû* with *ṭabba'at* the *melek* for-*kĕtāb* which-*niktāb* in *šēm*-the *melek* and *naḥtôm* with *ṭabba'at* the *melek* *'ên* to *hāšîb*.",
"grammar": {
"*'attem*": "2nd person masculine plural pronoun - you",
"*kitbû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - write",
"*ṭôb*": "definite adjective, masculine singular - good/pleasing",
"*'ênêkem*": "dual noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your eyes",
"*šēm*": "masculine singular construct - name of",
"*ḥitmû*": "qal imperative masculine plural - seal",
"*ṭabba'at*": "feminine singular construct - signet ring of",
"*kĕtāb*": "masculine singular noun - writing/decree",
"*niktāb*": "niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it is written",
"*naḥtôm*": "niphal participle masculine singular - sealed",
"*'ên*": "particle of negation - there is not",
"*hāšîb*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to revoke/reverse"
},
"variants": {
"*kitbû*": "write/issue/decree",
"*ṭôb* in *'ênêkem*": "as seems good to you/as you see fit",
"*šēm*": "name/authority",
"*ḥitmû*": "seal/authenticate",
"*kĕtāb*": "writing/decree/edict",
"*'ên* to *hāšîb*": "cannot be revoked/is irrevocable"
}
}
9{
"verseID": "Esther.8.9",
"source": "וַיִקָּרְא֣וּ סֹפְרֵֽי־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ בָּֽעֵת־הַ֠הִיא בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֜י הוּא־חֹ֣דֶשׁ סִיוָ֗ן בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֣ה וְעֶשְׂרִים֮ בּוֹ֒ וַיִּכָּתֵ֣ב כְּֽכָל־אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֣ה מָרְדֳּכַ֣י אֶל־הַיְּהוּדִ֡ים וְאֶ֣ל הָאֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנִֽים־וְהַפַּחוֹת֩ וְשָׂרֵ֨י הַמְּדִינ֜וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ מֵהֹ֣דּוּ וְעַד־כּ֗וּשׁ שֶׁ֣בַע וְעֶשְׂרִ֤ים וּמֵאָה֙ מְדִינָ֔ה מְדִינָ֤ה וּמְדִינָה֙ כִּכְתָבָ֔הּ וְעַ֥ם וָעָ֖ם כִּלְשֹׁנ֑וֹ וְאֶ֨ל־הַיְּהוּדִ֔ים כִּכְתָבָ֖ם וְכִלְשׁוֹנָֽם׃",
"text": "And *wayyiqqārĕ'û* *sōpĕrê*-the *melek* in the *'ēt*-the *hî'* in the *ḥōdeš* the *šĕlîšî* it-*ḥōdeš* *sîwān* in *šĕlôšâ* and *'eśrîm* in it and *wayyikkātēb* according to all-which-*ṣiwwâ* *mordŏkay* to-the *yĕhûdîm* and to the *'ăḥašdarpĕnîm*-and the *paḥôt* and *śārê* the *mĕdînôt* which from *hōddû* and unto-*kûš* *šeba'* and *'eśrîm* and *mē'â* *mĕdînâ* *mĕdînâ* and *mĕdînâ* according to *kĕtābāh* and *'am* and *'am* according to *lĕšōnô* and to-the *yĕhûdîm* according to *kĕtābām* and according to *lĕšônām*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiqqārĕ'û*": "niphal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine plural - and they were called/summoned",
"*sōpĕrê*": "masculine plural construct - scribes of",
"*'ēt*": "feminine singular construct - time of",
"*hî'*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - that",
"*ḥōdeš*": "definite noun, masculine singular - month",
"*šĕlîšî*": "definite ordinal, masculine singular - third",
"*sîwān*": "proper noun - Sivan",
"*šĕlôšâ*": "number, masculine singular - three",
"*'eśrîm*": "number - twenty",
"*wayyikkātēb*": "niphal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and it was written",
"*ṣiwwâ*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he commanded",
"*'ăḥašdarpĕnîm*": "masculine plural - satraps",
"*paḥôt*": "masculine plural - governors",
"*śārê*": "masculine plural construct - officials of",
"*mĕdînôt*": "feminine plural - provinces",
"*hōddû*": "proper noun - India",
"*kûš*": "proper noun - Ethiopia/Cush",
"*šeba'*": "number, masculine singular - seven",
"*mē'â*": "number, feminine singular - hundred",
"*mĕdînâ*": "feminine singular - province",
"*kĕtābāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its script",
"*'am*": "masculine singular - people",
"*lĕšōnô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its language",
"*kĕtābām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their script",
"*lĕšônām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their language"
},
"variants": {
"*wayyiqqārĕ'û*": "were summoned/called",
"*sōpĕrê*": "scribes/secretaries",
"*'ăḥašdarpĕnîm*": "satraps/provincial governors",
"*paḥôt*": "governors/officials",
"*śārê*": "officials/princes/nobles",
"*mĕdînâ* *kĕtābāh*": "province in its script/according to its writing",
"*'am* *lĕšōnô*": "people in its language/according to its tongue"
}
}
10{
"verseID": "Esther.8.10",
"source": "וַיִּכְתֹּ֗ב בְּשֵׁם֙ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹ֔שׁ וַיַּחְתֹּ֖ם בְּטַבַּ֣עַת הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח סְפָרִ֡ים בְּיַד֩ הָרָצִ֨ים בַּסּוּסִ֜ים רֹכְבֵ֤י הָרֶ֙כֶשׁ֙ הָֽאֲחַשְׁתְּרָנִ֔ים בְּנֵ֖י הָֽרַמָּכִֽים׃",
"text": "And *wayyiktōb* in *šēm* the *melek* *'ăḥašwērōš* and *wayyaḥtōm* with *ṭabba'at* the *melek* and *wayyišlaḥ* *sĕpārîm* by *yad* the *rāṣîm* on the *sûsîm* *rōkĕbê* the *rekeš* the *'ăḥaštĕrānîm* *bĕnê* the *rammākîm*.",
"grammar": {
"*wayyiktōb*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and he wrote",
"*wayyaḥtōm*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and he sealed",
"*wayyišlaḥ*": "qal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and he sent",
"*sĕpārîm*": "masculine plural - letters/documents",
"*yad*": "feminine singular construct - hand of",
"*rāṣîm*": "definite masculine plural participle - the couriers",
"*sûsîm*": "definite masculine plural - horses",
"*rōkĕbê*": "masculine plural construct - riders of",
"*rekeš*": "definite masculine singular - swift steeds",
"*'ăḥaštĕrānîm*": "definite masculine plural - royal horses",
"*bĕnê*": "masculine plural construct - sons of",
"*rammākîm*": "definite masculine plural - mares"
},
"variants": {
"*rāṣîm*": "couriers/messengers/runners",
"*rekeš*": "swift steeds/fast horses",
"*'ăḥaštĕrānîm*": "royal horses/special breed of horses",
"*bĕnê* the *rammākîm*": "offspring of royal studs/bred from royal mares"
}
}
11{
"verseID": "Esther.8.11",
"source": "אֲשֶׁר֩ נָתַ֨ן הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לַיְּהוּדִ֣ים ׀ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּכָל־עִיר־וָעִ֗יר לְהִקָּהֵל֮ וְלַעֲמֹ֣ד עַל־נַפְשָׁם֒ לְהַשְׁמִיד֩ וְלַהֲרֹ֨ג וּלְאַבֵּ֜ד אֶת־כָּל־חֵ֨יל עַ֧ם וּמְדִינָ֛ה הַצָּרִ֥ים אֹתָ֖ם טַ֣ף וְנָשִׁ֑ים וּשְׁלָלָ֖ם לָבֽוֹז׃",
"text": "Which *nātan* the *melek* to the *yĕhûdîm* which in every-*'îr*-and *'îr* to *hiqqāhēl* and to *'ămōd* upon-*napšām* to *hašmîd* and to *hărōg* and to *'abbēd* *'ēt*-all-*ḥêl* *'am* and *mĕdînâ* the *ṣārîm* *'ōtām* *ṭap* and *nāšîm* and *šĕlālām* to *bôz*.",
"grammar": {
"*nātan*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he gave",
"*'îr*": "feminine singular - city",
"*hiqqāhēl*": "niphal infinitive construct - to assemble themselves",
"*'ămōd*": "qal infinitive construct - to stand",
"*napšām*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their life",
"*hašmîd*": "hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy",
"*hărōg*": "qal infinitive construct - to kill",
"*'abbēd*": "piel infinitive construct - to annihilate",
"*ḥêl*": "masculine singular construct - force of",
"*'am*": "masculine singular - people",
"*ṣārîm*": "definite qal participle, masculine plural - those adversaries",
"*'ōtām*": "direct object marker with 3rd masculine plural suffix - them",
"*ṭap*": "masculine singular - children",
"*nāšîm*": "feminine plural - women",
"*šĕlālām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their plunder",
"*bôz*": "qal infinitive construct - to plunder"
},
"variants": {
"*hiqqāhēl*": "to assemble/gather/organize",
"*'ămōd* upon-*napšām*": "to defend themselves/protect their lives",
"*hašmîd*": "to destroy/eliminate/exterminate",
"*ḥêl*": "forces/army/troops",
"*ṣārîm*": "adversaries/enemies/attackers",
"*ṭap*": "children/little ones",
"*šĕlālām* to *bôz*": "to plunder their possessions/take their property as spoil"
}
}
12{
"verseID": "Esther.8.12",
"source": "בְּי֣וֹם אֶחָ֔ד בְּכָל־מְדִינ֖וֹת הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵר֑וֹשׁ בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר לְחֹ֥דֶשׁ שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֖ר הוּא־חֹ֥דֶשׁ אֲדָֽר׃",
"text": "On *yôm* *'eḥād* in all-*mĕdînôt* the *melek* *'ăḥašwērôš* in *šĕlôšâ* *'āśār* to *ḥōdeš* *šĕnêm*-*'āśār* it-*ḥōdeš* *'ădār*.",
"grammar": {
"*yôm*": "masculine singular construct - day of",
"*'eḥād*": "number, masculine singular - one",
"*šĕlôšâ*": "number, masculine singular - three",
"*'āśār*": "number, masculine singular - ten",
"*ḥōdeš*": "masculine singular construct - month of",
"*šĕnêm*": "number, masculine dual construct - two of",
"*'ādār*": "proper noun - Adar"
},
"variants": {
"*yôm* *'eḥād*": "one day/same day",
"*šĕlôšâ* *'āśār*": "thirteenth",
"*šĕnêm*-*'āśār*": "twelfth"
}
}
13{
"verseID": "Esther.8.13",
"source": "פַּתְשֶׁ֣גֶן הַכְּתָ֗ב לְהִנָּ֤תֵֽן דָּת֙ בְּכָל־מְדִינָ֣ה וּמְדִינָ֔ה גָּל֖וּי לְכָל־הָעַמִּ֑ים וְלִהְי֨וֹת הַיְּהוּדִ֤ים עֲתִידִים֙ לַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה לְהִנָּקֵ֖ם מֵאֹיְבֵיהֶֽם׃",
"text": "*patšegen* the *kĕtāb* to *hinnātēn* *dāt* in all-*mĕdînâ* and *mĕdînâ* *gālûy* to all-the *'ammîm* and to *hĕyôt* the *yĕhûdîm* *'ătîdîm* to the *yôm* the *zeh* to *hinnāqēm* from *'ōyĕbêhem*.",
"grammar": {
"*patšegen*": "masculine singular construct - copy of",
"*kĕtāb*": "definite noun, masculine singular - writing/document",
"*hinnātēn*": "niphal infinitive construct - to be given",
"*dāt*": "feminine singular - law/decree",
"*gālûy*": "qal passive participle, masculine singular - being disclosed",
"*'ammîm*": "definite masculine plural - peoples",
"*hĕyôt*": "qal infinitive construct - to be",
"*'ătîdîm*": "masculine plural adjective - ready",
"*yôm*": "definite masculine singular - day",
"*zeh*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this",
"*hinnāqēm*": "niphal infinitive construct - to take revenge",
"*'ōyĕbêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their enemies"
},
"variants": {
"*patšegen*": "copy/transcript",
"*hinnātēn* *dāt*": "to be issued as law/to be published as decree",
"*gālûy*": "disclosed/published/proclaimed",
"*'ătîdîm*": "ready/prepared",
"*hinnāqēm*": "to take revenge/avenge themselves/retaliate"
}
}