Esther 8:9

biblecontext

{ "verseID": "Esther.8.9", "source": "וַיִקָּרְא֣וּ סֹפְרֵֽי־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ בָּֽעֵת־הַ֠הִיא בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֜י הוּא־חֹ֣דֶשׁ סִיוָ֗ן בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֣ה וְעֶשְׂרִים֮ בּוֹ֒ וַיִּכָּתֵ֣ב כְּֽכָל־אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֣ה מָרְדֳּכַ֣י אֶל־הַיְּהוּדִ֡ים וְאֶ֣ל הָאֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנִֽים־וְהַפַּחוֹת֩ וְשָׂרֵ֨י הַמְּדִינ֜וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ מֵהֹ֣דּוּ וְעַד־כּ֗וּשׁ שֶׁ֣בַע וְעֶשְׂרִ֤ים וּמֵאָה֙ מְדִינָ֔ה מְדִינָ֤ה וּמְדִינָה֙ כִּכְתָבָ֔הּ וְעַ֥ם וָעָ֖ם כִּלְשֹׁנ֑וֹ וְאֶ֨ל־הַיְּהוּדִ֔ים כִּכְתָבָ֖ם וְכִלְשׁוֹנָֽם׃", "text": "And *wayyiqqārĕ'û* *sōpĕrê*-the *melek* in the *'ēt*-the *hî'* in the *ḥōdeš* the *šĕlîšî* it-*ḥōdeš* *sîwān* in *šĕlôšâ* and *'eśrîm* in it and *wayyikkātēb* according to all-which-*ṣiwwâ* *mordŏkay* to-the *yĕhûdîm* and to the *'ăḥašdarpĕnîm*-and the *paḥôt* and *śārê* the *mĕdînôt* which from *hōddû* and unto-*kûš* *šeba'* and *'eśrîm* and *mē'â* *mĕdînâ* *mĕdînâ* and *mĕdînâ* according to *kĕtābāh* and *'am* and *'am* according to *lĕšōnô* and to-the *yĕhûdîm* according to *kĕtābām* and according to *lĕšônām*.", "grammar": { "*wayyiqqārĕ'û*": "niphal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine plural - and they were called/summoned", "*sōpĕrê*": "masculine plural construct - scribes of", "*'ēt*": "feminine singular construct - time of", "*hî'*": "demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - that", "*ḥōdeš*": "definite noun, masculine singular - month", "*šĕlîšî*": "definite ordinal, masculine singular - third", "*sîwān*": "proper noun - Sivan", "*šĕlôšâ*": "number, masculine singular - three", "*'eśrîm*": "number - twenty", "*wayyikkātēb*": "niphal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and it was written", "*ṣiwwâ*": "piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he commanded", "*'ăḥašdarpĕnîm*": "masculine plural - satraps", "*paḥôt*": "masculine plural - governors", "*śārê*": "masculine plural construct - officials of", "*mĕdînôt*": "feminine plural - provinces", "*hōddû*": "proper noun - India", "*kûš*": "proper noun - Ethiopia/Cush", "*šeba'*": "number, masculine singular - seven", "*mē'â*": "number, feminine singular - hundred", "*mĕdînâ*": "feminine singular - province", "*kĕtābāh*": "feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its script", "*'am*": "masculine singular - people", "*lĕšōnô*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its language", "*kĕtābām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their script", "*lĕšônām*": "masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their language" }, "variants": { "*wayyiqqārĕ'û*": "were summoned/called", "*sōpĕrê*": "scribes/secretaries", "*'ăḥašdarpĕnîm*": "satraps/provincial governors", "*paḥôt*": "governors/officials", "*śārê*": "officials/princes/nobles", "*mĕdînâ* *kĕtābāh*": "province in its script/according to its writing", "*'am* *lĕšōnô*": "people in its language/according to its tongue" } }

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִקָּרְא֣וּ סֹפְרֵֽי־הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ בָּֽעֵת־הַ֠הִיא בַּחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֜י הוּא־חֹ֣דֶשׁ סִיוָ֗ן בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֣ה וְעֶשְׂרִים֮ בּוֹ֒ וַיִּכָּתֵ֣ב כְּֽכָל־אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֣ה מָרְדֳּכַ֣י אֶל־הַיְּהוּדִ֡ים וְאֶ֣ל הָאֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנִֽים־וְהַפַּחוֹת֩ וְשָׂרֵ֨י הַמְּדִינ֜וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ מֵהֹ֣דּוּ וְעַד־כּ֗וּשׁ שֶׁ֣בַע וְעֶשְׂרִ֤ים וּמֵאָה֙ מְדִינָ֔ה מְדִינָ֤ה וּמְדִינָה֙ כִּכְתָבָ֔הּ וְעַ֥ם וָעָ֖ם כִּלְשֹׁנ֑וֹ וְאֶ֨ל־הַיְּהוּדִ֔ים כִּכְתָבָ֖ם וְכִלְשׁוֹנָֽם׃

Transliteration

And wayyiqqārĕ'û sōpĕrê-the melek in the 'ēt-the hî' in the ḥōdeš the šĕlîšî it-ḥōdeš sîwān in šĕlôšâ and 'eśrîm in it and wayyikkātēb according to all-which-ṣiwwâ mordŏkay to-the yĕhûdîm and to the 'ăḥašdarpĕnîm-and the paḥôt and śārê the mĕdînôt which from hōddû and unto-kûš šeba' and 'eśrîm and mē'â mĕdînâ mĕdînâ and mĕdînâ according to kĕtābāh and 'am and 'am according to lĕšōnô and to-the yĕhûdîm according to kĕtābām and according to lĕšônām.

Grammar Details

• *wayyiqqārĕ'û*: niphal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine plural - and they were called/summoned
• *sōpĕrê*: masculine plural construct - scribes of
• *'ēt*: feminine singular construct - time of
• *hî'*: demonstrative pronoun, feminine singular - that
• *ḥōdeš*: definite noun, masculine singular - month
• *šĕlîšî*: definite ordinal, masculine singular - third
• *sîwān*: proper noun - Sivan
• *šĕlôšâ*: number, masculine singular - three
• *'eśrîm*: number - twenty
• *wayyikkātēb*: niphal imperfect consecutive 3rd masculine singular - and it was written
• *ṣiwwâ*: piel perfect 3rd masculine singular - he commanded
• *'ăḥašdarpĕnîm*: masculine plural - satraps
• *paḥôt*: masculine plural - governors
• *śārê*: masculine plural construct - officials of
• *mĕdînôt*: feminine plural - provinces
• *hōddû*: proper noun - India
• *kûš*: proper noun - Ethiopia/Cush
• *šeba'*: number, masculine singular - seven
• *mē'â*: number, feminine singular - hundred
• *mĕdînâ*: feminine singular - province
• *kĕtābāh*: feminine singular noun with 3rd feminine singular suffix - its script
• *'am*: masculine singular - people
• *lĕšōnô*: masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine singular suffix - its language
• *kĕtābām*: masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their script
• *lĕšônām*: masculine singular noun with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their language

Word Meanings

• *wayyiqqārĕ'û*: were summoned/called
• *sōpĕrê*: scribes/secretaries
• *'ăḥašdarpĕnîm*: satraps/provincial governors
• *paḥôt*: governors/officials
• *śārê*: officials/princes/nobles
• *mĕdînâ* *kĕtābāh*: province in its script/according to its writing
• *'am* *lĕšōnô*: people in its language/according to its tongue

Other Translations

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  The king’s scribes were summoned on that day, the third month (the month of Sivan), on the twenty-third day, and an edict was written exactly as Mordecai commanded concerning the Jews, to the satraps, governors, and officials of the 127 provinces from India to Cush, each province in its own script and language, and to the Jews in their own script and language.

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Then were the king's scrib called at that time in the third month, that is, the month Sivan, on the three and twentieth day thereof; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded unto the Jews, and to the lieutenants, and the deputi and rulers of the provinc which are from India unto Ethiopia, an hundred twenty and seven provinc, unto every province according to the writing thereof, and unto every people after their language, and to the Jews according to their writing, and according to their language.

• KJV1611 – Modern English

  Then the king's scribes were called at that time, in the third month, which is the month of Sivan, on the twenty-third day; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded to the Jews, and to the governors and officials and rulers of the provinces from India to Ethiopia, one hundred twenty-seven provinces, to every province according to its script, and to every people in their language, and to the Jews in their writing and language.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Then were the king's scribes called at that time in the third month, that is, the month Sivan, on the three and twentieth day thereof; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded unto the Jews, and to the lieutenants, and the deputies and rulers of the provinces which are from India unto Ethiopia, an hundred twenty and seven provinces, unto every province according to the writing thereof, and unto every people after their language, and to the Jews according to their writing, and according to their language.

• American Standard Version with Strong's Numbers

  Then were the king's scribes called at that time, in the third month Sivan, on the three and twentieth [day] thereof; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded unto the Jews, and to the satraps, and the governors and princes of the provinces which are from India unto Ethiopia, a hundred twenty and seven provinces, unto every province according to the writing thereof, and unto every people after their language, and to the Jews according to their writing, and according to their language.

• King James Version with Strong's Numbers

  Then were the king's scribes called at that time in the third month, that is, the month Sivan, on the three and twentieth day thereof; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded unto the Jews, and to the lieutenants, and the deputies and rulers of the provinces which are from India unto Ethiopia, an hundred twenty and seven provinces, unto every province according to the writing thereof, and unto every people after their language, and to the Jews according to their writing, and according to their language.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  Then were the kynges scrybes called at the same tyme in the thirde moneth, that is the moneth Siuan, on the thre & twentieth daie. And it was wrytten (as Mardocheus comaunded) vnto the Iewes and to the prynces, to the Debities and captaynes in the londes from India vntyll Ethiopia, namely, an hundreth and seuen and twentye londes, vnto euery one acordinge to the wrytinge therof, vnto euery people after their speche, and to the Iewes acordinge to their wrytinge and language.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Then were the Kings Scribes called at the same time, euen in the thirde moneth, that is the moneth Siuan, on the three and twentieth day thereof: and it was written, according to all as Mordecai commanded, vnto the Iewes and to the princes, and captaines, and rulers of the prouinces, which were from India euen vnto Ethiopia, an hundreth and seuen and twentie prouinces, vnto euery prouince, according to the writing thereof, and to euery people after their speache, and to the Iewes, according to their writing, and according to their language.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Then were the kinges scribes called at the same time, euen in the thirde moneth (that is the moneth Siuan) on the three and twentie day thereof, and it was written according to all as Mardocheus commauded vnto the Iewes, and to the princes, to the debuties and captaynes in the prouinces which are from India vnto Ethiopia, namely an hundred twentie and seuen prouinces, vnto euery prouince according to the writing thereof, and vnto euery people after their speach, and to the Iewes according to their writing and language.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Then were the king's scribes called at that time in the third month, that [is], the month Sivan, on the three and twentieth [day] thereof; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded unto the Jews, and to the lieutenants, and the deputies and rulers of the provinces which [are] from India unto Ethiopia, an hundred twenty and seven provinces, unto every province according to the writing thereof, and unto every people after their language, and to the Jews according to their writing, and according to their language.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  Then were the king's scribes called at that time, in the third month Sivan, on the three and twentieth [day] of it; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded to the Jews, and to the satraps, and the governors and princes of the provinces which are from India to Ethiopia, one hundred twenty-seven provinces, to every province according to the writing of it, and to every people after their language, and to the Jews according to their writing, and according to their language.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  And the scribes of the king are called, at that time, in the third month -- it `is' the month of Sivan -- in the three and twentieth of it, and it is written, according to all that Mordecai hath commanded, unto the Jews, and unto the lieutenants, and the governors, and the heads of the provinces, that `are' from Hodu even unto Cush, seven and twenty and a hundred provinces -- province and province according to its writing, and people and people according to its tongue, and unto the Jews according to their writing, and according to their tongue.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Then were the king's scribes called at that time, in the third month Sivan, on the three and twentieth `day' thereof; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded unto the Jews, and to the satraps, and the governors and princes of the provinces which are from India unto Ethiopia, a hundred twenty and seven provinces, unto every province according to the writing thereof, and unto every people after their language, and to the Jews according to their writing, and according to their language.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  Then were the king's scribes called at that time, in the third month Sivan, on the three and twentieth [day] thereof; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded unto the Jews, and to the satraps, and the governors and princes of the provinces which are from India unto Ethiopia, a hundred twenty and seven provinces, unto every province according to the writing thereof, and unto every people after their language, and to the Jews according to their writing, and according to their language.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Then at that time, on the twenty-third day of the third month, which is the month Sivan, the king's scribes were sent for; and everything ordered by Mordecai was put in writing and sent to the Jews and the captains and the rulers and the chiefs of all the divisions of the kingdom from India to Ethiopia, a hundred and twenty-seven divisions, to every division in the writing commonly used there, and to every people in their language, and to the Jews in their writing and their language.

• World English Bible (2000)

  Then the king's scribes were called at that time, in the third month Sivan, on the twenty-third day of the month; and it was written according to all that Mordecai commanded to the Jews, and to the satraps, and the governors and princes of the provinces which are from India to Ethiopia, one hundred twenty-seven provinces, to every province according to its writing, and to every people in their language, and to the Jews in their writing, and in their language.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  The king’s scribes were quickly summoned– in the third month(that is, the month of Sivan), on the twenty-third day. They wrote out everything that Mordecai instructed to the Jews and to the satraps and the governors and the officials of the provinces all the way from India to Ethiopia– a hundred and twenty-seven provinces in all– to each province in its own script and to each people in their own language, and to the Jews according to their own script and their own language.

Referenced Verses

• Esth 1:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Esther.1.22", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח סְפָרִים֙ אֶל־כָּל־מְדִינ֣וֹת הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אֶל־מְדִינָ֤ה וּמְדִינָה֙ כִּכְתָבָ֔הּ וְאֶל־עַ֥ם וָעָ֖ם כִּלְשׁוֹנ֑וֹ לִהְי֤וֹת כָּל־אִישׁ֙ שֹׂרֵ֣ר בְּבֵית֔וֹ וּמְדַבֵּ֖ר כִּלְשׁ֥וֹן עַמּֽוֹ׃ פ", "text": "And *wayyišlaḥ* *səp̄ārîm* to all *məḏînôṯ* the *meleḵ*, to *məḏînâ* and *məḏînâ* according to *kiḵṯāḇāh* and to *ʿam* and *ʿam* according to *kilšônô*, to *lihyôṯ* every *ʾîš* *śōrēr* in *bêṯô* and *məḏabbēr* according to *kilšôn* *ʿammô*", "grammar": { "*wayyišlaḥ*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*səp̄ārîm*": "masculine plural noun - letters/documents", "*məḏînôṯ*": "feminine plural construct - provinces of", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the king", "*məḏînâ*": "feminine singular noun - province", "*kiḵṯāḇāh*": "preposition *kə* + masculine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - according to its writing", "*ʿam*": "masculine singular noun - people", "*kilšônô*": "preposition *kə* + masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - according to its language", "*lihyôṯ*": "qal infinitive construct - to be", "*ʾîš*": "masculine singular noun - man", "*śōrēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - ruling", "*bêṯô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his house", "*məḏabbēr*": "piel participle, masculine singular - speaking", "*kilšôn*": "preposition *kə* + masculine singular construct - according to language of", "*ʿammô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his people" }, "variants": { "*səp̄ārîm*": "letters/documents/dispatches", "*kiḵṯāḇāh*": "according to its script/in its writing/in its script", "*kilšônô*": "according to its language/in its tongue", "*śōrēr*": "ruling/master/dominant", "*məḏabbēr*": "speaking/declaring/proclaiming" } }
• Esth 1:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Esther.1.1", "source": "וַיְהִ֖י בִּימֵ֣י אֲחַשְׁוֵר֑וֹשׁ ה֣וּא אֲחַשְׁוֵר֗וֹשׁ הַמֹּלֵךְ֙ מֵהֹ֣דּוּ וְעַד־כּ֔וּשׁ שֶׁ֛בַע וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים וּמֵאָ֖ה מְדִינָֽה׃", "text": "And *wayəhî* in *yəmê* *ʾăḥašwērôš* he *hûʾ* *ʾăḥašwērôš* the *hammōlēḵ* from *hōddû* and until *kûš* seven and twenty and hundred *məḏînâ*", "grammar": { "*wayəhî*": "consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and it came to pass/happened", "*yəmê*": "construct plural of *yôm* - days of", "*ʾăḥašwērôš*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ahasuerus/Xerxes", "*hûʾ*": "3rd person masculine singular pronoun - he", "*hammōlēḵ*": "definite article + participle, masculine singular - the one ruling/king", "*hōddû*": "proper noun - India", "*kûš*": "proper noun - Ethiopia/Cush", "*məḏînâ*": "feminine singular noun - province/district" }, "variants": { "*wayəhî*": "and it happened/and it came to pass/and it was", "*hammōlēḵ*": "the ruling one/the king/the one who reigned", "*məḏînâ*": "province/administrative district/state" } }
• 2 Kgs 18:26 : 26 { "verseID": "2 Kings.18.26", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶלְיָקִ֣ים בֶּן־חִ֠לְקִיָּהוּ וְשֶׁבְנָ֨ה וְיוֹאָ֜ח אֶל־רַב־שָׁקֵ֗ה דַּבֶּר־נָ֤א אֶל־עֲבָדֶ֙יךָ֙ אֲרָמִ֔ית כִּ֥י שֹׁמְעִ֖ים אֲנָ֑חְנוּ וְאַל־תְּדַבֵּ֤ר עִמָּ֙נוּ֙ יְהוּדִ֔ית בְּאָזְנֵ֣י הָעָ֔ם אֲשֶׁ֖ר עַל־הַחֹמָֽה׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *ʾelyāqîm* *ben*-*ḥilqîyāhû* and-*šebnāh* and-*yôʾāḥ* to-*rab*-*šāqēh* *dabber*-*nāʾ* to-*ʿăbādeykā* *ʾărāmît* for *šōməʿîm* *ʾănāḥnû* and-not-*tədabbēr* with-us *yəhûdît* in-*ʾoznê* the-*ʿām* who on-the-*ḥômāh*.", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he said", "*ʾelyāqîm*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Eliakim", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*ḥilqîyāhû*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Hilkiah", "*šebnāh*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Shebnah", "*yôʾāḥ*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Joah", "*rab*-*šāqēh*": "compound title - chief cupbearer/field commander", "*dabber*": "piel imperative, masculine singular - speak", "*nāʾ*": "particle - please/now", "*ʿăbādeykā*": "noun, masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your servants", "*ʾărāmît*": "adverb - in Aramaic", "*šōməʿîm*": "qal participle, masculine plural - hearing/understanding", "*ʾănāḥnû*": "personal pronoun, 1st common plural - we", "*tədabbēr*": "piel imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you speak", "*yəhûdît*": "adverb - in Judean/Hebrew", "*ʾoznê*": "noun, feminine dual construct - ears of", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*ḥômāh*": "noun, feminine singular - wall" }, "variants": { "*dabber*": "speak/talk/converse", "*nāʾ*": "please/now/I pray", "*ʾărāmît*": "in Aramaic/in Syrian", "*yəhûdît*": "in Judean/in Hebrew", "*ʿām*": "people/nation/folk" } }
• Esth 3:12-13 : 12 { "verseID": "Esther.3.12", "source": "וַיִּקָּרְאוּ֩ סֹפְרֵ֨י הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ בַּחֹ֣דֶשׁ הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֨ה עָשָׂ֣ר יוֹם֮ בּוֹ֒ וַיִּכָּתֵ֣ב כְּֽכָל־אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֣ה הָמָ֡ן אֶ֣ל אֲחַשְׁדַּרְפְּנֵֽי־הַ֠מֶּלֶךְ וְֽאֶל־הַפַּח֞וֹת אֲשֶׁ֣ר ׀ עַל־מְדִינָ֣ה וּמְדִינָ֗ה וְאֶל־שָׂ֤רֵי עַם֙ וָעָ֔ם מְדִינָ֤ה וּמְדִינָה֙ כִּכְתָבָ֔הּ וְעַ֥ם וָעָ֖ם כִּלְשׁוֹנ֑וֹ בְּשֵׁ֨ם הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹשׁ֙ נִכְתָּ֔ב וְנֶחְתָּ֖ם בְּטַבַּ֥עַת הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "*wə-yiqqārəʾû* *sōp̄ərê* the-*meleḵ* in-the-*ḥōḏeš* the-*rīʾšôn* in-*šəlôšāh* *ʿāśār* *yôm* in-*bô*, *wə-yikkāṯēḇ* like-all-which-*ṣiwwāh* *Hāmān* to *ʾăḥašdarpənê*-the-*meleḵ* and-to-the-*paḥôṯ* which upon-*məḏînāh* and-*məḏînāh* and-to-*śārê* *ʿam* and-*ʿām* *məḏînāh* and-*məḏînāh* according-to-*kiṯḇāhh* and-*ʿam* and-*ʿām* according-to-*ləšônô* in-*šēm* the-*meleḵ* *ʾăḥašwērōš* *niḵtāḇ* and-*neḥtām* with-*ṭabbaʿaṯ* the-*meleḵ*", "grammar": { "*wə-yiqqārəʾû*": "conjunction + Niphal imperfect, 3rd plural - and they were called", "*sōp̄ərê*": "construct plural of *sōp̄ēr* - scribes of", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular - king", "*ḥōḏeš*": "masculine singular - month", "*rīʾšôn*": "masculine singular adjective - first", "*šəlôšāh*": "cardinal number - three", "*ʿāśār*": "cardinal number - ten", "*yôm*": "masculine singular - day", "*bô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - in it", "*wə-yikkāṯēḇ*": "conjunction + Niphal imperfect, 3rd singular - and it was written", "*ṣiwwāh*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - commanded", "*Hāmān*": "proper noun - Haman", "*ʾăḥašdarpənê*": "construct plural - satraps of", "*paḥôṯ*": "masculine plural - governors", "*məḏînāh*": "feminine singular - province", "*śārê*": "construct plural of *śar* - princes/officials of", "*ʿam*": "masculine singular - people", "*kiṯḇāhh*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd feminine singular suffix - its writing/script", "*ləšônô*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - its language", "*šēm*": "masculine singular construct - name of", "*ʾăḥašwērōš*": "proper noun - Ahasuerus/Xerxes", "*niḵtāḇ*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it was written", "*neḥtām*": "Niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - it was sealed", "*ṭabbaʿaṯ*": "feminine singular construct - signet ring of" }, "variants": { "*sōp̄ərê*": "scribes/secretaries/writers", "*məḏînāh*": "province/state/district", "*śārê*": "officials/princes/noblemen", "*kiṯḇāhh*": "writing/script/document", "*ləšônô*": "language/tongue/speech", "*ṭabbaʿaṯ*": "signet ring/seal" } } 13 { "verseID": "Esther.3.13", "source": "וְנִשְׁל֨וֹחַ סְפָרִ֜ים בְּיַ֣ד הָרָצִים֮ אֶל־כָּל־מְדִינ֣וֹת הַמֶּלֶךְ֒ לְהַשְׁמִ֡יד לַהֲרֹ֣ג וּלְאַבֵּ֣ד אֶת־כָּל־הַ֠יְּהוּדִים מִנַּ֨עַר וְעַד־זָקֵ֜ן טַ֤ף וְנָשִׁים֙ בְּי֣וֹם אֶחָ֔ד בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֛ר לְחֹ֥דֶשׁ שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֖ר הוּא־חֹ֣דֶשׁ אֲדָ֑ר וּשְׁלָלָ֖ם לָבֽוֹז׃", "text": "*wə-nišlôaḥ* *səp̄ārîm* by-*yad* the-*rāṣîm* to-all-*məḏînôṯ* the-*meleḵ* *lə-hašmîḏ* *la-hărōḡ* and-*lə-ʾabbēḏ* *ʾeṯ*-all-the-*yəhûḏîm* from-*naʿar* and-until-*zāqēn* *ṭap̄* and-*nāšîm* in-*yôm* *ʾeḥāḏ* in-*šəlôšāh* *ʿāśār* to-*ḥōḏeš* *šənêm*-*ʿāśār* it-*ḥōḏeš* *ʾăḏār* and-*šəlālām* *lā-ḇôz*", "grammar": { "*wə-nišlôaḥ*": "conjunction + Niphal infinitive absolute - and sending", "*səp̄ārîm*": "masculine plural - letters/documents", "*yad*": "feminine singular construct - hand of", "*rāṣîm*": "masculine plural - runners/couriers", "*məḏînôṯ*": "feminine plural construct - provinces of", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular - king", "*lə-hašmîḏ*": "preposition + Hiphil infinitive construct - to destroy", "*la-hărōḡ*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to kill", "*lə-ʾabbēḏ*": "preposition + Piel infinitive construct - to annihilate", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*yəhûḏîm*": "masculine plural - Jews", "*naʿar*": "masculine singular - young man/boy", "*zāqēn*": "masculine singular - old man", "*ṭap̄*": "masculine singular collective - children", "*nāšîm*": "feminine plural - women", "*yôm*": "masculine singular - day", "*ʾeḥāḏ*": "masculine singular number - one", "*šəlôšāh*": "cardinal number - three", "*ʿāśār*": "cardinal number - ten", "*ḥōḏeš*": "masculine singular - month", "*šənêm*": "cardinal number - two", "*ʾăḏār*": "proper noun - Adar (month name)", "*šəlālām*": "masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their plunder", "*lā-ḇôz*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to plunder" }, "variants": { "*nišlôaḥ*": "being sent/dispatched", "*səp̄ārîm*": "letters/documents/scrolls", "*rāṣîm*": "runners/couriers/messengers", "*lə-hašmîḏ*": "to destroy/exterminate/eliminate", "*la-hărōḡ*": "to kill/slay/murder", "*lə-ʾabbēḏ*": "to destroy/annihilate/cause to perish", "*naʿar*": "young man/boy/youth", "*zāqēn*": "old man/elder", "*ṭap̄*": "children/little ones", "*šəlālām*": "their plunder/spoil/possessions", "*lā-ḇôz*": "to plunder/spoil/take as prey" } }
• Dan 4:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Daniel.4.1", "source": "אֲנָ֣ה נְבוּכַדְנֶצַּ֗ר שְׁלֵ֤ה הֲוֵית֙ בְּבֵיתִ֔י וְרַעְנַ֖ן בְּהֵיכְלִֽי׃", "text": "*ʾănāh nəḇûḵaḏneṣṣar šəlēh hăwêṯ* in *bêṯî* and *raʿənan* in *hêḵəlî*", "grammar": { "*ʾănāh*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*nəḇûḵaḏneṣṣar*": "proper noun, name - Nebuchadnezzar", "*šəlēh*": "adjective, masculine singular - at rest/at ease", "*hăwêṯ*": "perfect 1st person singular of הוה (to be) - I was", "*bêṯî*": "noun with preposition ב and 1st person singular suffix - in my house", "*raʿənan*": "adjective, masculine singular - flourishing/prosperous/green", "*hêḵəlî*": "noun with preposition ב and 1st person singular suffix - in my palace" }, "variants": { "*šəlēh*": "at rest/at ease/quiet/peaceful", "*raʿənan*": "flourishing/prosperous/green/fresh/thriving" } }
• Dan 6:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Daniel.6.1", "source": "וְדָרְיָ֙וֶשׁ֙ מָֽדָיָ֔א קַבֵּ֖ל מַלְכוּתָ֑א כְּבַ֥ר שְׁנִ֖ין שִׁתִּ֥ין וְתַרְתֵּֽין׃", "text": "*wə-dāryāweš* *mādāyā* *qabbēl* *malkûtā* *kəbar* *šənîn* *šittîn* *wə-tartēyn*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*dāryāweš*": "noun, proper masculine singular - Darius", "*mādāyā*": "noun, proper adjective masculine singular - Mede/Median", "*qabbēl*": "verb, pael perfect 3rd masculine singular - received/took", "*malkûtā*": "noun, feminine singular determinate - the kingdom", "*kəbar*": "particle - as son of/about/approximately", "*šənîn*": "noun, feminine plural - years", "*šittîn*": "cardinal number - sixty", "*wə-tartēyn*": "conjunction + cardinal number - and two" }, "variants": { "*qabbēl*": "received/took/accepted", "*kəbar*": "as son of/approximately/being about" } }
• 1 Cor 14:9-9 : 9 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.14.9", "source": "Οὕτως καὶ ὑμεῖς, διὰ τῆς γλώσσης ἐὰν μὴ εὔσημον λόγον δῶτε, πῶς γνωσθήσεται τὸ λαλούμενον; ἔσεσθε γὰρ εἰς ἀέρα λαλοῦντες.", "text": "*Houtōs* *kai* *hymeis*, *dia* the *glōssēs* *ean* *mē* *eusēmon* *logon* *dōte*, *pōs* *gnōsthēsetai* the *laloumenon*? *esesthe* *gar* *eis* *aera* *lalountes*.", "grammar": { "*Houtōs*": "adverb - thus/so/in this way", "*kai*": "conjunction - also/even/too", "*hymeis*": "nominative, plural - you [plural]", "*dia*": "preposition + genitive - through/by means of", "*glōssēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of tongue/language", "*ean*": "conditional conjunction - if", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*eusēmon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - intelligible/clear/distinct", "*logon*": "accusative, masculine, singular - word/speech/message", "*dōte*": "aorist subjunctive, 2nd plural - you might give", "*pōs*": "adverb - how? [interrogative]", "*gnōsthēsetai*": "future passive indicative, 3rd singular - will be known/understood", "*laloumenon*": "present passive participle, nominative, neuter, singular - being spoken", "*esesthe*": "future indicative, 2nd plural - you will be", "*eis*": "preposition + accusative - into/to", "*aera*": "accusative, masculine, singular - air", "*lalountes*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, plural - speaking" }, "variants": { "*Houtōs*": "thus/so/in this way/in the same manner", "*glōssēs*": "tongue/language/speech", "*eusēmon*": "intelligible/clear/distinct/easily recognized", "*logon*": "word/speech/message/saying", "*gnōsthēsetai*": "will be known/recognized/understood", "*laloumenon*": "being spoken/being said/being uttered", "*aera*": "air/atmosphere/emptiness", "*lalountes*": "speaking/talking/uttering" } } 10 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.14.10", "source": "Τοσαῦτα εἰ τύχοι, γένη φωνῶν ἐστιν ἐν κόσμῳ, καὶ οὐδὲν αὐτῶν ἄφωνον.", "text": "*Tosauta* *ei* *tychoi*, *genē* *phōnōn* *estin* in *kosmō*, *kai* *ouden* of-*autōn* *aphōnon*.", "grammar": { "*Tosauta*": "nominative, neuter, plural - so many", "*ei*": "conjunction - if", "*tychoi*": "aorist optative, 3rd singular - it may happen/perhaps", "*genē*": "nominative, neuter, plural - kinds/types/sorts", "*phōnōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - of sounds/voices/languages", "*estin*": "present indicative, 3rd singular - is/are/exist", "*kosmō*": "dative, masculine, singular - in world", "*kai*": "conjunction - and/also", "*ouden*": "nominative, neuter, singular - none/nothing", "*autōn*": "genitive, feminine, plural - of them", "*aphōnon*": "nominative, neuter, singular - without meaning/voiceless/dumb" }, "variants": { "*Tosauta*": "so many/so numerous/so great", "*tychoi*": "it may happen/it may chance/perhaps [idiom expressing possibility]", "*genē*": "kinds/types/classes/families", "*phōnōn*": "sounds/voices/languages/utterances", "*kosmō*": "world/universe/ordered system", "*aphōnon*": "without meaning/voiceless/dumb/without significance" } } 11 { "verseID": "1 Corinthians.14.11", "source": "Ἐὰν οὖν μὴ εἰδῶ τὴν δύναμιν τῆς φωνῆς, ἔσομαι τῷ λαλοῦντι βάρβαρος, καὶ ὁ λαλῶν ἐν ἐμοὶ βάρβαρος.", "text": "*Ean* *oun* *mē* *eidō* the *dynamin* of-the *phōnēs*, *esomai* to-the *lalounti* *barbaros*, *kai* the *lalōn* in *emoi* *barbaros*.", "grammar": { "*Ean*": "conditional conjunction - if", "*oun*": "inferential particle - therefore/then/accordingly", "*mē*": "negative particle - not", "*eidō*": "perfect subjunctive, 1st singular - I might know/understand", "*dynamin*": "accusative, feminine, singular - power/meaning/force", "*phōnēs*": "genitive, feminine, singular - of sound/voice/language", "*esomai*": "future indicative, 1st singular - I will be", "*lalounti*": "present participle, dative, masculine, singular - to the one speaking", "*barbaros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - foreigner/barbarian", "*kai*": "conjunction - and/also", "*lalōn*": "present participle, nominative, masculine, singular - the one speaking", "*emoi*": "dative, 1st singular - in/to me", "*barbaros*": "nominative, masculine, singular - foreigner/barbarian" }, "variants": { "*eidō*": "know/understand/comprehend [perfect with present force]", "*dynamin*": "power/meaning/force/significance", "*phōnēs*": "sound/voice/language/speech", "*lalounti*": "one speaking/one talking/speaker", "*barbaros*": "foreigner/barbarian/non-Greek speaker [one who speaks unintelligibly]", "*emoi*": "to me/for me/in my view" } }