11 {
"verseID": "Numbers.35.11",
"source": "וְהִקְרִיתֶ֤ם לָכֶם֙ עָרִ֔ים עָרֵ֥י מִקְלָ֖ט תִּהְיֶ֣ינָה לָכֶ֑ם וְנָ֥ס שָׁ֙מָּה֙ רֹצֵ֔חַ מַכֵּה־נֶ֖פֶשׁ בִּשְׁגָגָֽה׃",
"text": "And *wəhiqrîṯem* for yourselves cities, cities of *miqlāṭ* *tihyeynâ* for you, and *wənās* *šāmmâ* *rōṣēaḥ* *makkēh*-*nepeš* *bišḡāḡâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəhiqrîṯem*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall appoint",
"*miqlāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - refuge",
"*tihyeynâ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they shall be",
"*wənās*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and shall flee",
"*šāmmâ*": "adverb with directional *he* - there/thither",
"*rōṣēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - murderer/manslayer",
"*makkēh*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular construct - striker of",
"*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/person",
"*bišḡāḡâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - in error/unintentionally"
},
"variants": {
"*hiqrîṯem*": "appoint/designate/set aside",
"*miqlāṭ*": "refuge/asylum",
"*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another",
"*nepeš*": "soul/person/life",
"*šəḡāḡâ*": "error/mistake/unintentional sin"
}
}
12 {
"verseID": "Numbers.35.12",
"source": "וְהָי֨וּ לָכֶ֧ם הֶעָרִ֛ים לְמִקְלָ֖ט מִגֹּאֵ֑ל וְלֹ֤א יָמוּת֙ הָרֹצֵ֔חַ עַד־עָמְד֛וֹ לִפְנֵ֥י הָעֵדָ֖ה לַמִּשְׁפָּֽט׃",
"text": "And *wəhāyu* for you the cities for *miqlāṭ* from *gōʾēl* and not *yāmuṯ* *hārōṣēaḥ* until *ʿāmḏô* before *hāʿēḏâ* *lammišpāṭ*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəhāyu*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they shall be",
"*miqlāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - refuge",
"*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - redeemer/avenger",
"*yāmuṯ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall die",
"*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer",
"*ʿāmḏô*": "Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his standing",
"*hāʿēḏâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the congregation",
"*lammišpāṭ*": "preposition + definite article + masculine singular noun - for the judgment"
},
"variants": {
"*gōʾēl*": "redeemer/avenger/kinsman-redeemer",
"*ʿēḏâ*": "congregation/assembly/community",
"*mišpāṭ*": "judgment/justice/legal decision"
}
}
13 {
"verseID": "Numbers.35.13",
"source": "וְהֶעָרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּתֵּ֑נוּ שֵׁשׁ־עָרֵ֥י מִקְלָ֖ט תִּהְיֶ֥ינָה לָכֶֽם׃",
"text": "And the cities *ʾăšer* you give, six-cities of *miqlāṭ* *tihyeynâ* for you.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*tittēnu*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall give",
"*miqlāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - refuge",
"*tihyeynâ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they shall be"
},
"variants": {
"*miqlāṭ*": "refuge/asylum"
}
}
14 {
"verseID": "Numbers.35.14",
"source": "אֵ֣ת ׀ שְׁלֹ֣שׁ הֶעָרִ֗ים תִּתְּנוּ֙ מֵעֵ֣בֶר לַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וְאֵת֙ שְׁלֹ֣שׁ הֶֽעָרִ֔ים תִּתְּנ֖וּ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ כְּנָ֑עַן עָרֵ֥י מִקְלָ֖ט תִּהְיֶֽינָה׃",
"text": "*ʾĒṯ* three the cities you shall give from *ʿēḇer* to *hayyardēn* and *ʾēṯ* three the cities you shall give in *ʾereṣ* *Kənāʿan* cities of *miqlāṭ* *tihyeynâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾēṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*titənu*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine plural - you shall give",
"*ʿēḇer*": "masculine singular noun construct - side of/across",
"*hayyardēn*": "definite article + proper noun - the Jordan",
"*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular noun construct - land of",
"*Kənāʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan",
"*miqlāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - refuge",
"*tihyeynâ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they shall be"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿēḇer*": "side/region/beyond/across",
"*miqlāṭ*": "refuge/asylum"
}
}
15 {
"verseID": "Numbers.35.15",
"source": "לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל וְלַגֵּ֤ר וְלַתּוֹשָׁב֙ בְּתוֹכָ֔ם תִּהְיֶ֛ינָה שֵׁשׁ־הֶעָרִ֥ים הָאֵ֖לֶּה לְמִקְלָ֑ט לָנ֣וּס שָׁ֔מָּה כָּל־מַכֵּה־נֶ֖פֶשׁ בִּשְׁגָגָֽה׃",
"text": "For *bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl* and for *haggēr* and for *hattôšāḇ* *bəṯôḵām* *tihyeynâ* six-the cities *hāʾēlleh* for *miqlāṭ* *lānûs* *šāmmâ* all-*makkēh*-*nepeš* *bišḡāḡâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*bənê*": "construct masculine plural of *bēn* - sons of",
"*Yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel",
"*haggēr*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the stranger",
"*hattôšāḇ*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the sojourner",
"*bəṯôḵām*": "preposition + masculine singular noun + 3rd masculine plural suffix - in their midst",
"*tihyeynâ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they shall be",
"*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative plural adjective - these",
"*miqlāṭ*": "masculine singular noun - refuge",
"*lānûs*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - to flee",
"*šāmmâ*": "adverb with directional *he* - there/thither",
"*makkēh*": "Hiphil participle, masculine singular construct - striker of",
"*nepeš*": "feminine singular noun - soul/person",
"*bišḡāḡâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - in error/unintentionally"
},
"variants": {
"*gēr*": "stranger/foreigner/resident alien",
"*tôšāḇ*": "sojourner/temporary resident/foreign resident",
"*miqlāṭ*": "refuge/asylum",
"*nepeš*": "soul/person/life",
"*šəḡāḡâ*": "error/mistake/unintentional sin"
}
}
16 {
"verseID": "Numbers.35.16",
"source": "וְאִם־בִּכְלִ֨י בַרְזֶ֧ל ׀ הִכָּ֛הוּ וַיָּמֹ֖ת רֹצֵ֣חַֽ ה֑וּא מ֥וֹת יוּמַ֖ת הָרֹצֵֽחַ׃",
"text": "And if with *kəlî* *barzel* *hikkāhû* and *wayyāmōṯ*, *rōṣēaḥ* he is; *môṯ* *yûmaṯ* *hārōṣēaḥ*.",
"grammar": {
"*kəlî*": "masculine singular noun construct - vessel/tool of",
"*barzel*": "masculine singular noun - iron",
"*hikkāhû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he struck him",
"*wayyāmōṯ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he died",
"*rōṣēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - murderer/manslayer",
"*môṯ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - surely",
"*yûmaṯ*": "Hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death",
"*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer"
},
"variants": {
"*kəlî*": "vessel/instrument/tool/weapon",
"*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another"
}
}
17 {
"verseID": "Numbers.35.17",
"source": "וְאִ֡ם בְּאֶ֣בֶן יָד֩ אֲשֶׁר־יָמ֨וּת בָּ֥הּ הִכָּ֛הוּ וַיָּמֹ֖ת רֹצֵ֣חַֽ ה֑וּא מ֥וֹת יוּמַ֖ת הָרֹצֵֽחַ׃",
"text": "And if with *ʾeḇen* *yāḏ* *ʾăšer*-*yāmûṯ* with it *hikkāhû* and *wayyāmōṯ*, *rōṣēaḥ* he is; *môṯ* *yûmaṯ* *hārōṣēaḥ*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾeḇen*": "feminine singular noun construct - stone of",
"*yāḏ*": "feminine singular noun - hand",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*yāmûṯ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - one may die",
"*hikkāhû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he struck him",
"*wayyāmōṯ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he died",
"*rōṣēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - murderer/manslayer",
"*môṯ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - surely",
"*yûmaṯ*": "Hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death",
"*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾeḇen* *yāḏ*": "stone in hand/handheld stone/stone that fits in hand",
"*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another"
}
}
18 {
"verseID": "Numbers.35.18",
"source": "א֡וֹ בִּכְלִ֣י עֵֽץ־יָד֩ אֲשֶׁר־יָמ֨וּת בּ֥וֹ הִכָּ֛הוּ וַיָּמֹ֖ת רֹצֵ֣חַֽ ה֑וּא מ֥וֹת יוּמַ֖ת הָרֹצֵֽחַ׃",
"text": "Or with *kəlî* *ʿēṣ*-*yāḏ* *ʾăšer*-*yāmûṯ* by it *hikkāhû* and *wayyāmōṯ*, *rōṣēaḥ* he is; *môṯ* *yûmaṯ* *hārōṣēaḥ*.",
"grammar": {
"*kəlî*": "masculine singular noun construct - vessel/tool of",
"*ʿēṣ*": "masculine singular noun construct - wood of",
"*yāḏ*": "feminine singular noun - hand",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*yāmûṯ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - one may die",
"*hikkāhû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he struck him",
"*wayyāmōṯ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he died",
"*rōṣēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - murderer/manslayer",
"*môṯ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - surely",
"*yûmaṯ*": "Hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death",
"*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer"
},
"variants": {
"*kəlî* *ʿēṣ*-*yāḏ*": "wooden tool/weapon for the hand/handheld wooden implement",
"*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another"
}
}
19 {
"verseID": "Numbers.35.19",
"source": "גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֔ם ה֥וּא יָמִ֖ית אֶת־הָרֹצֵ֑חַ בְּפִגְעוֹ־ב֖וֹ ה֥וּא יְמִיתֶֽנּוּ׃",
"text": "*Gōʾēl* *haddām*, he *yāmîṯ* *ʾeṯ*-*hārōṣēaḥ*; when *bəp̄iḡʿô*-in him, he *yəmîṯennû*.",
"grammar": {
"*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle, masculine singular construct - avenger of",
"*haddām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the blood",
"*yāmîṯ*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall put to death",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer",
"*bəp̄iḡʿô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - when he encounters",
"*yəmîṯennû*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he shall put him to death"
},
"variants": {
"*gōʾēl*": "redeemer/avenger/kinsman-redeemer",
"*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another",
"*p̄iḡʿô*": "meeting/encountering/coming upon"
}
}
20 {
"verseID": "Numbers.35.20",
"source": "וְאִם־בְּשִׂנְאָ֖ה יֶהְדָּפֶ֑נּוּ אֽוֹ־הִשְׁלִ֥יךְ עָלָ֛יו בִּצְדִיָּ֖ה וַיָּמֹֽת׃",
"text": "And if with *śinʾâ* *yehdāp̄ennû* or *hišlîḵ* upon him *biṣḏîyâ* and *wayyāmōṯ*.",
"grammar": {
"*śinʾâ*": "feminine singular noun - hatred",
"*yehdāp̄ennû*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he pushes him",
"*hišlîḵ*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he threw",
"*biṣḏîyâ*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - with lying in wait",
"*wayyāmōṯ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he died"
},
"variants": {
"*śinʾâ*": "hatred/hostility/enmity",
"*hāḏap̄*": "push/thrust/shove",
"*ṣəḏîyâ*": "lying in wait/ambush/premeditation"
}
}
21 {
"verseID": "Numbers.35.21",
"source": "א֣וֹ בְאֵיבָ֞ה הִכָּ֤הוּ בְיָדוֹ֙ וַיָּמֹ֔ת מֽוֹת־יוּמַ֥ת הַמַּכֶּ֖ה רֹצֵ֣חַֽ ה֑וּא גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֗ם יָמִ֛ית אֶת־הָרֹצֵ֖חַ בְּפִגְעוֹ־בֽוֹ׃",
"text": "Or in *ʾêḇâ* *hikkāhû* with *yāḏô* and *wayyāmōṯ*, *môṯ*-*yûmaṯ* *hammakkeh* *rōṣēaḥ* he is; *gōʾēl* *haddām* shall put to death *ʾeṯ*-*hārōṣēaḥ* when *bəp̄iḡʿô*-in him.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾêḇâ*": "feminine singular noun - enmity",
"*hikkāhû*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he struck him",
"*yāḏô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his hand",
"*wayyāmōṯ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he died",
"*môṯ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - surely",
"*yûmaṯ*": "Hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death",
"*hammakkeh*": "definite article + Hiphil participle, masculine singular - the one who strikes",
"*rōṣēaḥ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - murderer/manslayer",
"*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle, masculine singular construct - avenger of",
"*haddām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the blood",
"*yāmîṯ*": "Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall put to death",
"*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker",
"*hārōṣēaḥ*": "definite article + Qal participle, masculine singular - the murderer/manslayer",
"*bəp̄iḡʿô*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - when he encounters"
},
"variants": {
"*ʾêḇâ*": "enmity/hostility/hatred",
"*makkeh*": "striker/one who strikes/attacker",
"*rōṣēaḥ*": "murderer/manslayer/one who kills another",
"*gōʾēl*": "redeemer/avenger/kinsman-redeemer",
"*p̄iḡʿô*": "meeting/encountering/coming upon"
}
}
22 {
"verseID": "Numbers.35.22",
"source": "וְאִם־בְּפֶ֥תַע בְּלֹא־אֵיבָ֖ה הֲדָפ֑וֹ אוֹ־הִשְׁלִ֥יךְ עָלָ֛יו כָּל־כְּלִ֖י בְּלֹ֥א צְדִיָּֽה׃",
"text": "And if in *p̄eṯaʿ* without *ʾêḇâ* *hăḏāp̄ô* or *hišlîḵ* upon him any *kəlî* without *ṣəḏîyâ*.",
"grammar": {
"*p̄eṯaʿ*": "masculine singular noun - suddenness",
"*ʾêḇâ*": "feminine singular noun - enmity",
"*hăḏāp̄ô*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he pushed him",
"*hišlîḵ*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he threw",
"*kəlî*": "masculine singular noun - tool/implement",
"*ṣəḏîyâ*": "feminine singular noun - lying in wait"
},
"variants": {
"*p̄eṯaʿ*": "suddenness/instant/moment",
"*ʾêḇâ*": "enmity/hostility/hatred",
"*hāḏap̄*": "push/thrust/shove",
"*kəlî*": "vessel/instrument/tool/weapon",
"*ṣəḏîyâ*": "lying in wait/ambush/premeditation"
}
}
23 {
"verseID": "Numbers.35.23",
"source": "א֣וֹ בְכָל־אֶ֜בֶן אֲשֶׁר־יָמ֥וּת בָּהּ֙ בְּלֹ֣א רְא֔וֹת וַיַּפֵּ֥ל עָלָ֖יו וַיָּמֹ֑ת וְהוּא֙ לֹא־אוֹיֵ֣ב ל֔וֹ וְלֹ֥א מְבַקֵּ֖שׁ רָעָתֽוֹ׃",
"text": "Or with any *ʾeḇen* *ʾăšer*-*yāmûṯ* with it without *rəʾôṯ* and *wayyappēl* upon him and *wayyāmōṯ* and he not *ʾôyēḇ* to him and not *məḇaqqēš* *rāʿāṯô*.",
"grammar": {
"*ʾeḇen*": "feminine singular noun - stone",
"*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that",
"*yāmûṯ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - one may die",
"*rəʾôṯ*": "Qal infinitive construct - seeing",
"*wayyappēl*": "waw-consecutive + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he caused to fall",
"*wayyāmōṯ*": "waw-consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he died",
"*ʾôyēḇ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - enemy",
"*məḇaqqēš*": "Piel participle, masculine singular - seeker",
"*rāʿāṯô*": "feminine singular noun + 3rd masculine singular suffix - his harm"
},
"variants": {
"*rəʾôṯ*": "seeing/perceiving/watching",
"*ʾôyēḇ*": "enemy/foe/adversary",
"*məḇaqqēš*": "seeking/searching for/desiring",
"*rāʿâ*": "evil/harm/injury/calamity"
}
}
24 {
"verseID": "Numbers.35.24",
"source": "וְשָֽׁפְטוּ֙ הָֽעֵדָ֔ה בֵּ֚ין הַמַּכֶּ֔ה וּבֵ֖ין גֹּאֵ֣ל הַדָּ֑ם עַ֥ל הַמִּשְׁפָּטִ֖ים הָאֵֽלֶּה׃",
"text": "And *wəšāp̄əṭû* *hāʿēḏâ* between *hammakkeh* and between *gōʾēl* *haddām* according to *hammišpāṭîm* *hāʾēlleh*.",
"grammar": {
"*wəšāp̄əṭû*": "waw-consecutive + Qal perfect, 3rd common plural - and they shall judge",
"*hāʿēḏâ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the congregation",
"*hammakkeh*": "definite article + Hiphil participle, masculine singular - the one who strikes",
"*gōʾēl*": "Qal participle, masculine singular construct - avenger of",
"*haddām*": "definite article + masculine singular noun - the blood",
"*hammišpāṭîm*": "definite article + masculine plural noun - the judgments",
"*hāʾēlleh*": "definite article + demonstrative plural adjective - these"
},
"variants": {
"*ʿēḏâ*": "congregation/assembly/community",
"*makkeh*": "striker/one who strikes/attacker",
"*gōʾēl*": "redeemer/avenger/kinsman-redeemer",
"*mišpāṭîm*": "judgments/ordinances/legal decisions"
}
}