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Psalms 107
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1 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.1", "source": "הֹד֣וּ לַיהוָ֣ה כִּי־ט֑וֹב כִּ֖י לְעוֹלָ֣ם חַסְדּֽוֹ", "text": "*hōdû* to-*YHWH* because-*ṭôb* because for-*ʿôlām* *ḥasdô*", "grammar": { "*hōdû*": "imperative, masculine plural - give thanks/praise", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name with prefixed preposition lamed - to/for Yahweh", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular - good", "*ʿôlām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - for eternity/forever", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his lovingkindness/mercy/steadfast love" }, "variants": { "*hōdû*": "give thanks/praise/acknowledge", "*ṭôb*": "good/pleasant/beneficial", "*ʿôlām*": "forever/eternity/perpetuity", "*ḥasdô*": "his lovingkindness/mercy/covenant faithfulness/steadfast love" } }

2 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.2", "source": "יֹ֭אמְרוּ גְּאוּלֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר גְּ֝אָלָ֗ם מִיַּד־צָֽר", "text": "*yōʾmᵊrû* *gᵊʾûlê* *YHWH* which *gᵊʾālām* from-*yad*-*ṣār*", "grammar": { "*yōʾmᵊrû*": "imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they will say/let them say", "*gᵊʾûlê*": "passive participle, masculine plural construct - redeemed ones of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*gᵊʾālām*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he redeemed them", "*yad*": "noun, feminine singular construct with prefixed preposition min - from hand of", "*ṣār*": "noun/adjective, masculine singular - adversary/distress/enemy" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmᵊrû*": "let them say/they shall say", "*gᵊʾûlê*": "redeemed ones of/those ransomed by", "*gᵊʾālām*": "he redeemed them/ransomed them/reclaimed them", "*yad*": "hand/power/control", "*ṣār*": "adversary/enemy/foe/distress/trouble" } }

3 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.3", "source": "וּֽמֵאֲרָצ֗וֹת קִ֫בְּצָ֥ם מִמִּזְרָ֥ח וּמִֽמַּעֲרָ֑ב מִצָּפ֥וֹן וּמִיָּֽם", "text": "and-from-*ʾărāṣôt* *qibbᵊṣām* from-*mizrāḥ* and-from-*maʿărāb* from-*ṣāpôn* and-from-*yām*", "grammar": { "*ʾărāṣôt*": "noun, feminine plural with prefixed conjunction waw and preposition min - and from lands", "*qibbᵊṣām*": "perfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he gathered them", "*mizrāḥ*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition min - from east", "*maʿărāb*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed conjunction waw and preposition min - and from west", "*ṣāpôn*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition min - from north", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed conjunction waw and preposition min - and from sea/south" }, "variants": { "*ʾărāṣôt*": "lands/countries/earth", "*qibbᵊṣām*": "he gathered them/collected them/assembled them", "*mizrāḥ*": "east/sunrise", "*maʿărāb*": "west/sunset", "*ṣāpôn*": "north", "*yām*": "sea/west/south (in this context, likely south since west is already mentioned)" } }

4 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.4", "source": "תָּע֣וּ בַ֭מִּדְבָּר בִּישִׁימ֣וֹן דָּ֑רֶךְ עִ֥יר מ֝וֹשָׁ֗ב לֹ֣א מָצָֽאוּ", "text": "*tāʿû* in-the-*midbār* in-*yᵊšîmôn* *dārek* *ʿîr* *môšāb* not *māṣāʾû*", "grammar": { "*tāʿû*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural - they wandered", "*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed definite article and preposition bet - in the wilderness", "*yᵊšîmôn*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition bet - in desert/wasteland", "*dārek*": "noun, masculine singular - way/path/road", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular construct - city of", "*môšāb*": "noun, masculine singular - dwelling/habitation/settlement", "*māṣāʾû*": "perfect, 3rd person common plural with negative particle - they did not find" }, "variants": { "*tāʿû*": "they wandered/strayed/got lost", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*yᵊšîmôn*": "wasteland/desert/wilderness", "*dārek*": "way/path/road/journey", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*môšāb*": "dwelling/settlement/habitation/residence", "*māṣāʾû*": "they found/discovered/came upon" } }

5 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.5", "source": "רְעֵבִ֥ים גַּם־צְמֵאִ֑ים נַ֝פְשָׁ֗ם בָּהֶ֥ם תִּתְעַטָּֽף", "text": "*rᵊʿēbîm* also-*ṣᵊmēʾîm* *napšām* in-them *titʿaṭṭāp*", "grammar": { "*rᵊʿēbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - hungry ones", "*ṣᵊmēʾîm*": "adjective, masculine plural with conjunction gam - also thirsty ones", "*napšām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their soul/life", "*titʿaṭṭāp*": "hitpael imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - was faint/languished/grew feeble" }, "variants": { "*rᵊʿēbîm*": "hungry ones/famished ones", "*ṣᵊmēʾîm*": "thirsty ones/parched ones", "*napšām*": "their soul/life/self/being/desire", "*titʿaṭṭāp*": "was faint/languished/grew feeble/was overwhelmed" } }

6 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.6", "source": "וַיִּצְעֲק֣וּ אֶל־יְ֭הוָה בַּצַּ֣ר לָהֶ֑ם מִ֝מְּצֽוּקוֹתֵיהֶ֗ם יַצִּילֵֽם", "text": "and-*yiṣʿăqû* to-*YHWH* in-the-*ṣar* to-them from-*mᵊṣûqôtêhem* *yaṣṣîlēm*", "grammar": { "*yiṣʿăqû*": "imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they cried out", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name with prefixed preposition el - to Yahweh", "*ṣar*": "noun/adjective, masculine singular with prefixed preposition bet and definite article - in the distress/trouble", "*mᵊṣûqôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and prefixed preposition min - from their distresses", "*yaṣṣîlēm*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he delivered them" }, "variants": { "*yiṣʿăqû*": "they cried out/called out/shouted", "*ṣar*": "distress/trouble/adversity", "*mᵊṣûqôtêhem*": "their distresses/troubles/constraints/straits", "*yaṣṣîlēm*": "he delivered them/rescued them/saved them" } }

7 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.7", "source": "וַ֭יּֽ͏ַדְרִיכֵם בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ יְשָׁרָ֑ה לָ֝לֶ֗כֶת אֶל־עִ֥יר מוֹשָֽׁב", "text": "and-*yadᵊrîkēm* in-*derek* *yᵊšārâ* to-*lāleket* to-*ʿîr* *môšāb*", "grammar": { "*yadᵊrîkēm*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he led them", "*derek*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition bet - in way/path", "*yᵊšārâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - straight/right/level", "*lāleket*": "qal infinitive construct with prefixed preposition lamed - to go/walk", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular construct with prefixed preposition el - to city of", "*môšāb*": "noun, masculine singular - dwelling/habitation/settlement" }, "variants": { "*yadᵊrîkēm*": "he led them/guided them/made them walk", "*derek*": "way/path/road/journey", "*yᵊšārâ*": "straight/right/level/correct", "*lāleket*": "to go/walk/proceed", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*môšāb*": "dwelling/settlement/habitation/residence" } }

8 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.8", "source": "יוֹד֣וּ לַיהוָ֣ה חַסְדּ֑וֹ וְ֝נִפְלְאוֹתָ֗יו לִבְנֵ֥י אָדָֽם", "text": "*yôdû* to-*YHWH* *ḥasdô* and-*niplᵊʾôtāyw* to-*bᵊnê* *ʾādām*", "grammar": { "*yôdû*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural jussive - let them give thanks", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name with prefixed preposition lamed - to Yahweh", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his lovingkindness", "*niplᵊʾôtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed conjunction waw - and his wonderful deeds", "*bᵊnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct with prefixed preposition lamed - to sons of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - mankind/humanity" }, "variants": { "*yôdû*": "let them give thanks/praise/acknowledge", "*ḥasdô*": "his lovingkindness/mercy/steadfast love/covenant loyalty", "*niplᵊʾôtāyw*": "his wonderful deeds/marvelous works/miracles", "*bᵊnê*": "sons of/children of", "*ʾādām*": "mankind/humanity/man" } }

9 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.9", "source": "כִּי־הִ֭שְׂבִּיעַ נֶ֣פֶשׁ שֹׁקֵקָ֑ה וְנֶ֥פֶשׁ רְ֝עֵבָה מִלֵּא־טֽוֹב", "text": "because-*hiśbîaʿ* *nepeš* *šōqēqâ* and-*nepeš* *rᵊʿēbâ* *millēʾ*-*ṭôb*", "grammar": { "*hiśbîaʿ*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he satisfied", "*nepeš*": "noun, feminine singular construct - soul of", "*šōqēqâ*": "qal participle, feminine singular - longing/yearning", "*nepeš*": "noun, feminine singular construct with prefixed conjunction waw - and soul of", "*rᵊʿēbâ*": "adjective, feminine singular - hungry", "*millēʾ*": "piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he filled", "*ṭôb*": "noun/adjective, masculine singular - goodness/good things" }, "variants": { "*hiśbîaʿ*": "he satisfied/filled/satiated", "*nepeš*": "soul/life/self/being/desire", "*šōqēqâ*": "longing/yearning/thirsty/craving", "*rᵊʿēbâ*": "hungry/famished", "*millēʾ*": "he filled/satisfied/fulfilled", "*ṭôb*": "goodness/good things/good" } }

10 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.10", "source": "יֹ֭שְׁבֵי חֹ֣שֶׁךְ וְצַלְמָ֑וֶת אֲסִירֵ֖י עֳנִ֣י וּבַרְזֶֽל", "text": "*yōšᵊbê* *ḥōšek* and-*ṣalmāwet* *ʾăsîrê* *ʿŏnî* and-*barzel*", "grammar": { "*yōšᵊbê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - dwellers of/those who sit in", "*ḥōšek*": "noun, masculine singular - darkness", "*ṣalmāwet*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed conjunction waw - and shadow of death/deep darkness", "*ʾăsîrê*": "qal passive participle, masculine plural construct - prisoners of/bound ones of", "*ʿŏnî*": "noun, masculine singular - affliction/misery", "*barzel*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed conjunction waw - and iron" }, "variants": { "*yōšᵊbê*": "dwellers of/those who sit in/inhabitants of", "*ḥōšek*": "darkness/obscurity", "*ṣalmāwet*": "shadow of death/deep darkness/gloom", "*ʾăsîrê*": "prisoners of/bound ones of", "*ʿŏnî*": "affliction/misery/poverty/suffering", "*barzel*": "iron/fetters/chains" } }

11 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.11", "source": "כִּֽי־הִמְר֥וּ אִמְרֵי־אֵ֑ל וַעֲצַ֖ת עֶלְי֣וֹן נָאָֽצוּ", "text": "because-*himrû* *ʾimrê*-*ʾēl* and-*ʿăṣat* *ʿelyôn* *nāʾāṣû*", "grammar": { "*himrû*": "hiphil perfect, 3rd person common plural - they rebelled against", "*ʾimrê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*ʾēl*": "noun, masculine singular - God", "*ʿăṣat*": "noun, feminine singular construct with prefixed conjunction waw - and counsel of", "*ʿelyôn*": "adjective/divine name, masculine singular - Most High", "*nāʾāṣû*": "piel perfect, 3rd person common plural - they spurned/rejected" }, "variants": { "*himrû*": "they rebelled against/defied/disobeyed", "*ʾimrê*": "words of/sayings of/commands of", "*ʾēl*": "God/deity", "*ʿăṣat*": "counsel of/advice of/plan of", "*ʿelyôn*": "Most High/Highest One", "*nāʾāṣû*": "they spurned/rejected/despised/scorned" } }

12 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.12", "source": "וַיַּכְנַ֣ע בֶּעָמָ֣ל לִבָּ֑ם כָּ֝שְׁל֗וּ וְאֵ֣ין עֹזֵֽר", "text": "and-*yaknaʿ* with-*ʿāmāl* *libbām* *kāšᵊlû* and-*ʾên* *ʿōzēr*", "grammar": { "*yaknaʿ*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he humbled/subdued", "*ʿāmāl*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition bet - with labor/trouble", "*libbām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their heart", "*kāšᵊlû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they stumbled/fell", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation with prefixed conjunction waw - and there was no", "*ʿōzēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - helper" }, "variants": { "*yaknaʿ*": "he humbled/subdued/brought down", "*ʿāmāl*": "labor/trouble/toil/hardship", "*libbām*": "their heart/mind/inner self", "*kāšᵊlû*": "they stumbled/fell/were brought down", "*ʿōzēr*": "helper/one who helps" } }

13 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.13", "source": "וַיִּזְעֲק֣וּ אֶל־יְ֭הוָה בַּצַּ֣ר לָהֶ֑ם מִ֝מְּצֻֽקוֹתֵיהֶ֗ם יוֹשִׁיעֵֽם", "text": "and-*yizʿăqû* to-*YHWH* in-the-*ṣar* to-them from-*mᵊṣuqôtêhem* *yôšîʿēm*", "grammar": { "*yizʿăqû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they cried out", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name with prefixed preposition el - to Yahweh", "*ṣar*": "noun/adjective, masculine singular with prefixed preposition bet and definite article - in the distress/trouble", "*mᵊṣuqôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and prefixed preposition min - from their distresses", "*yôšîʿēm*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he saved them" }, "variants": { "*yizʿăqû*": "they cried out/called out/shouted", "*ṣar*": "distress/trouble/adversity", "*mᵊṣuqôtêhem*": "their distresses/troubles/constraints/straits", "*yôšîʿēm*": "he saved them/rescued them/delivered them" } }

14 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.14", "source": "יֽ֭וֹצִיאֵם מֵחֹ֣שֶׁךְ וְצַלְמָ֑וֶת וּמוֹסְר֖וֹתֵיהֶ֣ם יְנַתֵּֽק", "text": "*yôṣîʾēm* from-*ḥōšek* and-*ṣalmāwet* and-*môsᵊrôtêhem* *yᵊnattēq*", "grammar": { "*yôṣîʾēm*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he brought them out", "*ḥōšek*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition min - from darkness", "*ṣalmāwet*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed conjunction waw - and shadow of death/deep darkness", "*môsᵊrôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and prefixed conjunction waw - and their bonds/fetters", "*yᵊnattēq*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he broke/tore apart" }, "variants": { "*yôṣîʾēm*": "he brought them out/led them out", "*ḥōšek*": "darkness/obscurity", "*ṣalmāwet*": "shadow of death/deep darkness/gloom", "*môsᵊrôtêhem*": "their bonds/fetters/chains/cords", "*yᵊnattēq*": "he broke/tore apart/snapped" } }

15 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.15", "source": "יוֹד֣וּ לַיהוָ֣ה חַסְדּ֑וֹ וְ֝נִפְלְאוֹתָ֗יו לִבְנֵ֥י אָדָֽם", "text": "*yôdû* to-*YHWH* *ḥasdô* and-*niplᵊʾôtāyw* to-*bᵊnê* *ʾādām*", "grammar": { "*yôdû*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural jussive - let them give thanks", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name with prefixed preposition lamed - to Yahweh", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his lovingkindness", "*niplᵊʾôtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed conjunction waw - and his wonderful deeds", "*bᵊnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct with prefixed preposition lamed - to sons of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - mankind/humanity" }, "variants": { "*yôdû*": "let them give thanks/praise/acknowledge", "*ḥasdô*": "his lovingkindness/mercy/steadfast love/covenant loyalty", "*niplᵊʾôtāyw*": "his wonderful deeds/marvelous works/miracles", "*bᵊnê*": "sons of/children of", "*ʾādām*": "mankind/humanity/man" } }

16 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.16", "source": "כִּֽי־שִׁ֭בַּר דַּלְת֣וֹת נְחֹ֑שֶׁת וּבְרִיחֵ֖י בַרְזֶ֣ל גִּדֵּֽעַ", "text": "because-*šibbar* *daltôt* *nᵊḥōšet* and-*bᵊrîḥê* *barzel* *giddēaʿ*", "grammar": { "*šibbar*": "piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he broke/shattered", "*daltôt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - doors/gates of", "*nᵊḥōšet*": "noun, feminine singular - bronze/copper", "*bᵊrîḥê*": "noun, masculine plural construct with prefixed conjunction waw - and bars of", "*barzel*": "noun, masculine singular - iron", "*giddēaʿ*": "piel perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he cut down/hewed" }, "variants": { "*šibbar*": "he broke/shattered/smashed", "*daltôt*": "doors/gates", "*nᵊḥōšet*": "bronze/copper", "*bᵊrîḥê*": "bars/bolts", "*barzel*": "iron", "*giddēaʿ*": "he cut down/hewed/chopped off" } }

17 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.17", "source": "אֱ֭וִלִים מִדֶּ֣רֶךְ פִּשְׁעָ֑ם וּֽמֵעֲוֺ֥נֹתֵיהֶ֗ם יִתְעַנּֽוּ", "text": "*ʾĕwilîm* from-*derek* *pišʿām* and-from-*ʿăwōnōtêhem* *yitʿannû*", "grammar": { "*ʾĕwilîm*": "noun/adjective, masculine plural - fools", "*derek*": "noun, masculine singular construct with prefixed preposition min - from way of", "*pišʿām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their transgression", "*ʿăwōnōtêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and prefixed conjunction waw and preposition min - and from their iniquities", "*yitʿannû*": "hitpael imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they were afflicted" }, "variants": { "*ʾĕwilîm*": "fools/foolish ones", "*derek*": "way/path/manner/conduct", "*pišʿām*": "their transgression/rebellion/sin", "*ʿăwōnōtêhem*": "their iniquities/sins/guilt", "*yitʿannû*": "they were afflicted/suffered/were humbled" } }

18 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.18", "source": "כָּל־אֹ֭כֶל תְּתַעֵ֣ב נַפְשָׁ֑ם וַ֝יַּגִּ֗יעוּ עַד־שַׁ֥עֲרֵי מָֽוֶת", "text": "all-*ʾōkel* *tᵊtaʿēb* *napšām* and-*yaggîʿû* until-*šaʿărê* *māwet*", "grammar": { "*ʾōkel*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed kol - all food", "*tᵊtaʿēb*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it abhors", "*napšām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their soul", "*yaggîʿû*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they reached/approached", "*šaʿărê*": "noun, masculine plural construct with prefixed preposition ad - to gates of", "*māwet*": "noun, masculine singular - death" }, "variants": { "*ʾōkel*": "food/eating", "*tᵊtaʿēb*": "it abhors/loathes/detests", "*napšām*": "their soul/life/appetite/being", "*yaggîʿû*": "they reached/approached/came to", "*šaʿărê*": "gates of/entrances of", "*māwet*": "death" } }

19 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.19", "source": "וַיִּזְעֲק֣וּ אֶל־יְ֭הוָה בַּצַּ֣ר לָהֶ֑ם מִ֝מְּצֻֽקוֹתֵיהֶ֗ם יוֹשִׁיעֵֽם", "text": "and-*yizʿăqû* to-*YHWH* in-the-*ṣar* to-them from-*mᵊṣuqôtêhem* *yôšîʿēm*", "grammar": { "*yizʿăqû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they cried out", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name with prefixed preposition el - to Yahweh", "*ṣar*": "noun/adjective, masculine singular with prefixed preposition bet and definite article - in the distress/trouble", "*mᵊṣuqôtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and prefixed preposition min - from their distresses", "*yôšîʿēm*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he saved them" }, "variants": { "*yizʿăqû*": "they cried out/called out/shouted", "*ṣar*": "distress/trouble/adversity", "*mᵊṣuqôtêhem*": "their distresses/troubles/constraints/straits", "*yôšîʿēm*": "he saved them/rescued them/delivered them" } }

20 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.20", "source": "יִשְׁלַ֣ח דְּ֭בָרוֹ וְיִרְפָּאֵ֑ם וִֽ֝ימַלֵּ֗ט מִשְּׁחִיתוֹתָֽם", "text": "*yišlaḥ* *dᵊbārô* and-*yirpāʾēm* and-*yᵊmallēṭ* from-*šᵊḥîtôtām*", "grammar": { "*yišlaḥ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he sends", "*dᵊbārô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his word", "*yirpāʾēm*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and prefixed conjunction waw - and he heals them", "*yᵊmallēṭ*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with prefixed conjunction waw - and he rescues/delivers", "*šᵊḥîtôtām*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and prefixed preposition min - from their pits/graves/destructions" }, "variants": { "*yišlaḥ*": "he sends/sends forth", "*dᵊbārô*": "his word/command/speech", "*yirpāʾēm*": "he heals them/cures them/restores them", "*yᵊmallēṭ*": "he rescues/delivers/saves", "*šᵊḥîtôtām*": "their pits/graves/destructions/deadly perils" } }

21 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.21", "source": "יוֹד֣וּ לַיהוָ֣ה חַסְדּ֑וֹ וְ֝נִפְלְאוֹתָ֗יו לִבְנֵ֥י אָדָֽם", "text": "*yôdû* to-*YHWH* *ḥasdô* and-*niplᵊʾôtāyw* to-*bᵊnê* *ʾādām*", "grammar": { "*yôdû*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural jussive - let them give thanks", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name with prefixed preposition lamed - to Yahweh", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his lovingkindness", "*niplᵊʾôtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed conjunction waw - and his wonderful deeds", "*bᵊnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct with prefixed preposition lamed - to sons of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - mankind/humanity" }, "variants": { "*yôdû*": "let them give thanks/praise/acknowledge", "*ḥasdô*": "his lovingkindness/mercy/steadfast love/covenant loyalty", "*niplᵊʾôtāyw*": "his wonderful deeds/marvelous works/miracles", "*bᵊnê*": "sons of/children of", "*ʾādām*": "mankind/humanity/man" } }

22 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.22", "source": "וְ֭יִזְבְּחוּ זִבְחֵ֣י תוֹדָ֑ה וִֽיסַפְּר֖וּ מַעֲשָׂ֣יו בְּרִנָּֽה", "text": "and-*yizbᵊḥû* *zibḥê* *tôdâ* and-*yᵊsappᵊrû* *maʿăśāyw* with-*rinnâ*", "grammar": { "*yizbᵊḥû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with prefixed conjunction waw - and let them sacrifice", "*zibḥê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sacrifices of", "*tôdâ*": "noun, feminine singular - thanksgiving", "*yᵊsappᵊrû*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with prefixed conjunction waw - and let them declare", "*maʿăśāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his works/deeds", "*rinnâ*": "noun, feminine singular with prefixed preposition bet - with rejoicing/singing" }, "variants": { "*yizbᵊḥû*": "let them sacrifice/offer", "*zibḥê*": "sacrifices of/offerings of", "*tôdâ*": "thanksgiving/praise/confession", "*yᵊsappᵊrû*": "let them declare/tell/recount", "*maʿăśāyw*": "his works/deeds/acts", "*rinnâ*": "rejoicing/singing/joyful shouting" } }

23 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.23", "source": "יוֹרְדֵ֣י הַ֭יָּם בָּאֳנִיּ֑וֹת עֹשֵׂ֥י מְ֝לָאכָ֗ה בְּמַ֣יִם רַבִּֽים", "text": "*yôrᵊdê* the-*yām* with-*ʾŏniyyôt* *ʿōśê* *mᵊlāʾkâ* in-*mayim* *rabbîm*", "grammar": { "*yôrᵊdê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - those who go down to", "*yām*": "noun, masculine singular with definite article - the sea", "*ʾŏniyyôt*": "noun, feminine plural with prefixed preposition bet - with ships", "*ʿōśê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - doers of", "*mᵊlāʾkâ*": "noun, feminine singular - work/business", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural with prefixed preposition bet - in waters", "*rabbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - many/great" }, "variants": { "*yôrᵊdê*": "those who go down to/descend to", "*yām*": "sea/ocean", "*ʾŏniyyôt*": "ships/vessels", "*ʿōśê*": "doers of/those who do", "*mᵊlāʾkâ*": "work/business/occupation", "*mayim*": "waters/seas", "*rabbîm*": "many/great/mighty" } }

24 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.24", "source": "הֵ֣מָּה רָ֭אוּ מַעֲשֵׂ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְ֝נִפְלְאוֹתָ֗יו בִּמְצוּלָֽה", "text": "*hēmmâ* *rāʾû* *maʿăśê* *YHWH* and-*niplᵊʾôtāyw* in-*mᵊṣûlâ*", "grammar": { "*hēmmâ*": "3rd person masculine plural pronoun - they", "*rāʾû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person common plural - they saw", "*maʿăśê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - works of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh", "*niplᵊʾôtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed conjunction waw - and his wonderful deeds", "*mᵊṣûlâ*": "noun, feminine singular with prefixed preposition bet - in the deep/depths" }, "variants": { "*rāʾû*": "they saw/observed/witnessed", "*maʿăśê*": "works of/deeds of/acts of", "*niplᵊʾôtāyw*": "his wonderful deeds/marvelous works/miracles", "*mᵊṣûlâ*": "deep/depths/abyss" } }

25 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.25", "source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר וַֽ֭יַּעֲמֵד ר֣וּחַ סְעָרָ֑ה וַתְּרוֹמֵ֥ם גַּלָּֽיו", "text": "and-*yōʾmer* and-*yaʿămēd* *rûaḥ* *sᵊʿārâ* and-*tᵊrômēm* *gallāyw*", "grammar": { "*yōʾmer*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he spoke/said", "*yaʿămēd*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he raised up/caused to stand", "*rûaḥ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wind of", "*sᵊʿārâ*": "noun, feminine singular - storm/tempest", "*tᵊrômēm*": "polel imperfect consecutive, 3rd person feminine singular - and it lifted up", "*gallāyw*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his/its waves" }, "variants": { "*yōʾmer*": "he spoke/said/commanded", "*yaʿămēd*": "he raised up/caused to stand/summoned", "*rûaḥ*": "wind/spirit/breath", "*sᵊʿārâ*": "storm/tempest/whirlwind", "*tᵊrômēm*": "it lifted up/raised high", "*gallāyw*": "his/its waves/billows" } }

26 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.26", "source": "יַעֲל֣וּ שָׁ֭מַיִם יֵרְד֣וּ תְהוֹמ֑וֹת נַ֝פְשָׁ֗ם בְּרָעָ֥ה תִתְמוֹגָֽג", "text": "*yaʿălû* *šāmayim* *yērᵊdû* *tᵊhômôt* *napšām* in-*rāʿâ* *titmôgāg*", "grammar": { "*yaʿălû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they go up", "*šāmayim*": "noun, masculine dual - heavens/sky", "*yērᵊdû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they go down", "*tᵊhômôt*": "noun, feminine plural - depths/abysses", "*napšām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their soul", "*rāʿâ*": "noun/adjective, feminine singular with prefixed preposition bet - in trouble/evil/distress", "*titmôgāg*": "hithpoel imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it melts/dissolves" }, "variants": { "*yaʿălû*": "they go up/ascend/rise", "*šāmayim*": "heavens/sky", "*yērᵊdû*": "they go down/descend/sink", "*tᵊhômôt*": "depths/abysses/deep waters", "*napšām*": "their soul/life/courage/vitality", "*rāʿâ*": "trouble/evil/distress/calamity", "*titmôgāg*": "it melts/dissolves/wastes away" } }

27 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.27", "source": "יָח֣וֹגּוּ וְ֭יָנוּעוּ כַּשִּׁכּ֑וֹר וְכָל־חָ֝כְמָתָ֗ם תִּתְבַּלָּֽע", "text": "*yāḥôggû* and-*yānûʿû* like-the-*šikkôr* and-all-*ḥokmātām* *titballāʿ*", "grammar": { "*yāḥôggû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they reel", "*yānûʿû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with prefixed conjunction waw - and they stagger", "*šikkôr*": "adjective/noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition kaf and definite article - like the drunk/drunkard", "*ḥokmātām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and prefixed kol and conjunction waw - and all their wisdom/skill", "*titballāʿ*": "hithpael imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it is swallowed up" }, "variants": { "*yāḥôggû*": "they reel/stagger/are dizzy", "*yānûʿû*": "they stagger/totter/wander", "*šikkôr*": "drunk/drunkard/intoxicated person", "*ḥokmātām*": "their wisdom/skill/expertise", "*titballāʿ*": "it is swallowed up/engulfed/consumed" } }

28 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.28", "source": "וַיִּצְעֲק֣וּ אֶל־יְ֭הוָה בַּצַּ֣ר לָהֶ֑ם וּֽ֝מִמְּצֽוּקֹתֵיהֶ֗ם יוֹצִיאֵֽם", "text": "and-*yiṣʿăqû* to-*YHWH* in-the-*ṣar* to-them and-from-*mᵊṣûqōtêhem* *yôṣîʾēm*", "grammar": { "*yiṣʿăqû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they cried out", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name with prefixed preposition el - to Yahweh", "*ṣar*": "noun/adjective, masculine singular with prefixed preposition bet and definite article - in the distress/trouble", "*mᵊṣûqōtêhem*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and prefixed conjunction waw and preposition min - and from their distresses", "*yôṣîʾēm*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - he brought them out" }, "variants": { "*yiṣʿăqû*": "they cried out/called out/shouted", "*ṣar*": "distress/trouble/adversity", "*mᵊṣûqōtêhem*": "their distresses/troubles/constraints/straits", "*yôṣîʾēm*": "he brought them out/led them out/delivered them" } }

29 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.29", "source": "יָקֵ֣ם סְ֭עָרָה לִדְמָמָ֑ה וַ֝יֶּחֱשׁ֗וּ גַּלֵּיהֶֽם", "text": "*yāqēm* *sᵊʿārâ* to-*dᵊmāmâ* and-*yeḥĕšû* *gallêhem*", "grammar": { "*yāqēm*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he sets/causes to stand", "*sᵊʿārâ*": "noun, feminine singular - storm/tempest", "*dᵊmāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to calmness/stillness", "*yeḥĕšû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they became silent/quiet", "*gallêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their waves" }, "variants": { "*yāqēm*": "he sets/establishes/causes to stand/calms", "*sᵊʿārâ*": "storm/tempest/whirlwind", "*dᵊmāmâ*": "calmness/stillness/quiet", "*yeḥĕšû*": "they became silent/quiet/still", "*gallêhem*": "their waves/billows" } }

30 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.30", "source": "וַיִּשְׂמְח֥וּ כִֽי־יִשְׁתֹּ֑קוּ וַ֝יַּנְחֵ֗ם אֶל־מְח֥וֹז חֶפְצָֽם", "text": "and-*yiśmᵊḥû* because-*yištōqû* and-*yanḥēm* to-*mᵊḥôz* *ḥepṣām*", "grammar": { "*yiśmᵊḥû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they rejoiced/were glad", "*yištōqû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with prefixed conjunction ki - because they were quiet/still", "*yanḥēm*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he guided them", "*mᵊḥôz*": "noun, masculine singular construct with prefixed preposition el - to haven/harbor of", "*ḥepṣām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their desire/delight" }, "variants": { "*yiśmᵊḥû*": "they rejoiced/were glad", "*yištōqû*": "they were quiet/still/calm", "*yanḥēm*": "he guided them/led them/brought them", "*mᵊḥôz*": "haven/harbor/port", "*ḥepṣām*": "their desire/delight/pleasure/destination" } }

31 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.31", "source": "יוֹד֣וּ לַיהוָ֣ה חַסְדּ֑וֹ וְ֝נִפְלְאוֹתָ֗יו לִבְנֵ֥י אָדָֽם", "text": "*yôdû* to-*YHWH* *ḥasdô* and-*niplᵊʾôtāyw* to-*bᵊnê* *ʾādām*", "grammar": { "*yôdû*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural jussive - let them give thanks", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name with prefixed preposition lamed - to Yahweh", "*ḥasdô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - his lovingkindness", "*niplᵊʾôtāyw*": "noun, feminine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed conjunction waw - and his wonderful deeds", "*bᵊnê*": "noun, masculine plural construct with prefixed preposition lamed - to sons of", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - mankind/humanity" }, "variants": { "*yôdû*": "let them give thanks/praise/acknowledge", "*ḥasdô*": "his lovingkindness/mercy/steadfast love/covenant loyalty", "*niplᵊʾôtāyw*": "his wonderful deeds/marvelous works/miracles", "*bᵊnê*": "sons of/children of", "*ʾādām*": "mankind/humanity/man" } }

32 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.32", "source": "וִֽ֭ירֹמְמוּהוּ בִּקְהַל־עָ֑ם וּבְמוֹשַׁ֖ב זְקֵנִ֣ים יְהַלְלֽוּהוּ", "text": "and-*yᵊrōmᵊmûhû* in-*qᵊhal*-*ʿām* and-in-*môšab* *zᵊqēnîm* *yᵊhalᵊlûhû*", "grammar": { "*yᵊrōmᵊmûhû*": "polel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix and prefixed conjunction waw - and let them exalt him", "*qᵊhal*": "noun, masculine singular construct with prefixed preposition bet - in assembly of", "*ʿām*": "noun, masculine singular - people", "*môšab*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed conjunction waw and preposition bet - and in seat/session of", "*zᵊqēnîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - elders", "*yᵊhalᵊlûhû*": "piel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with 3rd person masculine singular suffix - let them praise him" }, "variants": { "*yᵊrōmᵊmûhû*": "let them exalt him/extol him/praise him", "*qᵊhal*": "assembly of/congregation of/gathering of", "*ʿām*": "people/nation", "*môšab*": "seat/session/dwelling/assembly", "*zᵊqēnîm*": "elders/old men", "*yᵊhalᵊlûhû*": "let them praise him/laud him/commend him" } }

33 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.33", "source": "יָשֵׂ֣ם נְהָר֣וֹת לְמִדְבָּ֑ר וּמֹצָ֥אֵי מַ֝֗יִם לְצִמָּאֽוֹן", "text": "*yāśēm* *nᵊhārôt* to-*midbār* and-*môṣāʾê* *mayim* to-*ṣimmāʾôn*", "grammar": { "*yāśēm*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he turns/changes", "*nᵊhārôt*": "noun, masculine plural - rivers", "*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to wilderness/desert", "*môṣāʾê*": "noun, masculine plural construct with prefixed conjunction waw - and springs of", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*ṣimmāʾôn*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to thirsty ground/drought" }, "variants": { "*yāśēm*": "he turns/changes/makes", "*nᵊhārôt*": "rivers/streams", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*môṣāʾê*": "springs of/fountains of/sources of", "*mayim*": "water/waters", "*ṣimmāʾôn*": "thirsty ground/drought/parched land" } }

34 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.34", "source": "אֶ֣רֶץ פְּ֭רִי לִמְלֵחָ֑ה מֵ֝רָעַ֗ת יֹ֣שְׁבֵי בָֽהּ", "text": "*ʾereṣ* *pᵊrî* to-*mᵊlēḥâ* from-*rāʿat* *yōšᵊbê* in-her", "grammar": { "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct - land of", "*pᵊrî*": "noun, masculine singular - fruit/fruitfulness", "*mᵊlēḥâ*": "noun, feminine singular with prefixed preposition lamed - to saltiness/salt marsh", "*rāʿat*": "noun, feminine singular construct with prefixed preposition min - from evil/wickedness of", "*yōšᵊbê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - dwellers of/inhabitants of" }, "variants": { "*ʾereṣ*": "land of/country of", "*pᵊrî*": "fruit/fruitfulness/fertility", "*mᵊlēḥâ*": "saltiness/salt marsh/barren land", "*rāʿat*": "evil/wickedness/wrongdoing", "*yōšᵊbê*": "dwellers of/inhabitants of/those who live in" } }

35 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.35", "source": "יָשֵׂ֣ם מִ֭דְבָּר לַֽאֲגַם־מַ֑יִם וְאֶ֥רֶץ צִ֝יָּ֗ה לְמֹצָ֥אֵי מָֽיִם", "text": "*yāśēm* *midbār* to-*ʾăgam*-*mayim* and-*ʾereṣ* *ṣiyyâ* to-*môṣāʾê* *māyim*", "grammar": { "*yāśēm*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he turns/changes", "*midbār*": "noun, masculine singular - wilderness/desert", "*ʾăgam*": "noun, masculine singular construct with prefixed preposition lamed - to pool of", "*mayim*": "noun, masculine plural - water", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular construct with prefixed conjunction waw - and land of", "*ṣiyyâ*": "noun, feminine singular - dryness/drought", "*môṣāʾê*": "noun, masculine plural construct with prefixed preposition lamed - to springs of", "*māyim*": "noun, masculine plural - water" }, "variants": { "*yāśēm*": "he turns/changes/makes", "*midbār*": "wilderness/desert/uninhabited land", "*ʾăgam*": "pool/pond/standing water", "*mayim*": "water/waters", "*ʾereṣ*": "land/country", "*ṣiyyâ*": "dryness/drought/parched land", "*môṣāʾê*": "springs of/fountains of/sources of" } }

36 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.36", "source": "וַיּ֣וֹשֶׁב שָׁ֣ם רְעֵבִ֑ים וַ֝יְכוֹנְנ֗וּ עִ֣יר מוֹשָֽׁב", "text": "and-*yôšeb* there *rᵊʿēbîm* and-*yᵊkônᵊnû* *ʿîr* *môšāb*", "grammar": { "*yôšeb*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he settled/caused to dwell", "*rᵊʿēbîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - hungry ones", "*yᵊkônᵊnû*": "polel imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they established", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine singular construct - city of", "*môšāb*": "noun, masculine singular - dwelling/habitation/settlement" }, "variants": { "*yôšeb*": "he settled/caused to dwell/seated", "*rᵊʿēbîm*": "hungry ones/famished ones", "*yᵊkônᵊnû*": "they established/prepared/set up", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*môšāb*": "dwelling/settlement/habitation/residence" } }

37 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.37", "source": "וַיִּזְרְע֣וּ שָׂ֭דוֹת וַיִּטְּע֣וּ כְרָמִ֑ים וַ֝יַּעֲשׂ֗וּ פְּרִ֣י תְבֽוּאָה", "text": "and-*yizrᵊʿû* *śādôt* and-*yiṭṭᵊʿû* *kᵊrāmîm* and-*yaʿăśû* *pᵊrî* *tᵊbûʾâ*", "grammar": { "*yizrᵊʿû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they sowed", "*śādôt*": "noun, masculine plural - fields", "*yiṭṭᵊʿû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they planted", "*kᵊrāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - vineyards", "*yaʿăśû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they produced/made", "*pᵊrî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - fruit of", "*tᵊbûʾâ*": "noun, feminine singular - harvest/yield/increase" }, "variants": { "*yizrᵊʿû*": "they sowed/planted", "*śādôt*": "fields/lands", "*yiṭṭᵊʿû*": "they planted/set", "*kᵊrāmîm*": "vineyards", "*yaʿăśû*": "they produced/made/yielded", "*pᵊrî*": "fruit of/produce of", "*tᵊbûʾâ*": "harvest/yield/increase/produce" } }

38 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.38", "source": "וַיְבָרֲכֵ֣ם וַיִּרְבּ֣וּ מְאֹ֑ד וּ֝בְהֶמְתָּ֗ם לֹ֣א יַמְעִֽיט", "text": "and-*yᵊbārăkēm* and-*yirbû* *mᵊʾōd* and-*bᵊhemtām* not *yamʿîṭ*", "grammar": { "*yᵊbārăkēm*": "piel imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he blessed them", "*yirbû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they multiplied/increased", "*mᵊʾōd*": "adverb - greatly/exceedingly", "*bᵊhemtām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix and prefixed conjunction waw - and their cattle/livestock", "*yamʿîṭ*": "hiphil imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with negative particle - he did not let decrease/diminish" }, "variants": { "*yᵊbārăkēm*": "he blessed them/favored them", "*yirbû*": "they multiplied/increased/became many", "*mᵊʾōd*": "greatly/exceedingly/very much", "*bᵊhemtām*": "their cattle/livestock/animals", "*yamʿîṭ*": "he let decrease/diminish/reduce" } }

39 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.39", "source": "וַיִּמְעֲט֥וּ וַיָּשֹׁ֑חוּ מֵעֹ֖צֶר רָעָ֣ה וְיָגֽוֹן", "text": "and-*yimʿăṭû* and-*yāšōḥû* from-*ʿōṣer* *rāʿâ* and-*yāgôn*", "grammar": { "*yimʿăṭû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they were diminished/became few", "*yāšōḥû*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine plural - and they were bowed down/brought low", "*ʿōṣer*": "noun, masculine singular construct with prefixed preposition min - from oppression of", "*rāʿâ*": "noun/adjective, feminine singular - evil/calamity/distress", "*yāgôn*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed conjunction waw - and sorrow" }, "variants": { "*yimʿăṭû*": "they were diminished/became few/were reduced", "*yāšōḥû*": "they were bowed down/brought low/humbled", "*ʿōṣer*": "oppression of/restraint of/coercion of", "*rāʿâ*": "evil/calamity/distress/trouble", "*yāgôn*": "sorrow/grief/anguish" } }

40 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.40", "source": "שֹׁפֵ֣ךְ בּ֭וּז עַל־נְדִיבִ֑ים וַ֝יַּתְעֵ֗ם בְּתֹ֣הוּ לֹא־דָֽרֶךְ", "text": "*šōpēk* *bûz* upon-*nᵊdîbîm* and-*yatʿēm* in-*tōhû* not-*dārek*", "grammar": { "*šōpēk*": "qal participle, masculine singular - pouring out", "*bûz*": "noun, masculine singular - contempt/scorn", "*nᵊdîbîm*": "noun/adjective, masculine plural with prefixed preposition al - upon nobles/princes", "*yatʿēm*": "hiphil imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - and he made them wander", "*tōhû*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition bet - in wasteland/emptiness", "*dārek*": "noun, masculine singular with negation - no way/path" }, "variants": { "*šōpēk*": "pouring out/spilling", "*bûz*": "contempt/scorn/derision", "*nᵊdîbîm*": "nobles/princes/dignitaries", "*yatʿēm*": "he made them wander/led them astray", "*tōhû*": "wasteland/emptiness/formlessness/chaos", "*dārek*": "way/path/road" } }

41 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.41", "source": "וַיְשַׂגֵּ֣ב אֶבְי֣וֹן מֵע֑וֹנִי וַיָּ֥שֶׂם כַּ֝צֹּ֗אן מִשְׁפָּחֽוֹת", "text": "and-*yᵊśaggēb* *ʾebyôn* from-*ʿônî* and-*yāśem* like-the-*ṣōʾn* *mišpāḥôt*", "grammar": { "*yᵊśaggēb*": "piel imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he set on high/protected", "*ʾebyôn*": "adjective/noun, masculine singular - needy/poor", "*ʿônî*": "noun, masculine singular with prefixed preposition min - from affliction", "*yāśem*": "qal imperfect consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular - and he set/placed/made", "*ṣōʾn*": "noun, feminine singular with prefixed preposition kaf and definite article - like the flock/sheep", "*mišpāḥôt*": "noun, feminine plural - families/clans" }, "variants": { "*yᵊśaggēb*": "he set on high/protected/lifted up", "*ʾebyôn*": "needy/poor/destitute", "*ʿônî*": "affliction/poverty/misery", "*yāśem*": "he set/placed/made", "*ṣōʾn*": "flock/sheep", "*mišpāḥôt*": "families/clans/tribes" } }

42 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.42", "source": "יִרְא֣וּ יְשָׁרִ֣ים וְיִשְׂמָ֑חוּ וְכָל־עַ֝וְלָ֗ה קָ֣פְצָה פִּֽיהָ", "text": "*yirʾû* *yᵊšārîm* and-*yiśmāḥû* and-all-*ʿawlâ* *qāpᵊṣâ* *pîhā*", "grammar": { "*yirʾû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - they see", "*yᵊšārîm*": "adjective, masculine plural - upright ones", "*yiśmāḥû*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with prefixed conjunction waw - and they rejoice", "*ʿawlâ*": "noun, feminine singular with prefixed kol and conjunction waw - and all iniquity/injustice", "*qāpᵊṣâ*": "qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - she shuts/closes", "*pîhā*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her mouth" }, "variants": { "*yirʾû*": "they see/observe/perceive", "*yᵊšārîm*": "upright ones/righteous ones", "*yiśmāḥû*": "they rejoice/are glad", "*ʿawlâ*": "iniquity/injustice/wickedness", "*qāpᵊṣâ*": "she shuts/closes/stops", "*pîhā*": "her mouth" } }

43 { "verseID": "Psalms.107.43", "source": "מִי־חָכָ֥ם וְיִשְׁמָר־אֵ֑לֶּה וְ֝יִתְבּֽוֹנְנ֗וּ חַֽסְדֵ֥י יְהוָֽה", "text": "who-*ḥākām* and-*yišmār*-these and-*yitbônᵊnû* *ḥasdê* *YHWH*", "grammar": { "*ḥākām*": "adjective, masculine singular - wise", "*yišmār*": "qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular with prefixed conjunction waw - and let him observe/keep", "*yitbônᵊnû*": "hitpolel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with prefixed conjunction waw - and let them consider/understand", "*ḥasdê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - lovingkindnesses of", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - Yahweh" }, "variants": { "*ḥākām*": "wise/skilled/experienced", "*yišmār*": "let him observe/keep/guard/take heed of", "*yitbônᵊnû*": "let them consider/understand/discern", "*ḥasdê*": "lovingkindnesses of/mercies of/steadfast loves of", "*YHWH*": "Yahweh/LORD" } }

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