2 Kings 23:21

Geneva Bible (1560)

Then the king commanded all the people, saying, Keepe the passeouer vnto the Lorde your God, as it is written in the booke of this couenant.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיְצַ֤ו הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֶת־כָּל־הָעָ֣ם לֵאמֹ֔ר עֲשׂ֣וּ פֶ֔סַח לַֽיהוָ֖ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֑ם כַּכָּת֕וּב עַ֛ל סֵ֥פֶר הַבְּרִ֖ית הַזֶּֽה׃

Transliteration

And-wayəṣaw the-meleḵ ʾeṯ-all-the-ʿām lēmōr: ʿăśû pesaḥ to-YHWH ʾĕlōhêḵem as-kakkāṯûḇ on sēp̄er the-bərîṯ the-this.

Grammar Details

• *wayəṣaw*: Piel waw-consecutive imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he commanded
• *meleḵ*: masculine singular noun - king
• *ʾeṯ*: direct object marker
• *ʿām*: masculine singular noun - people
• *lēmōr*: Qal infinitive construct - saying
• *ʿăśû*: Qal imperative, masculine plural - do/make/perform
• *pesaḥ*: masculine singular noun - Passover
• *YHWH*: divine name - LORD/Yahweh
• *ʾĕlōhêḵem*: masculine plural noun with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God
• *kakkāṯûḇ*: Qal passive participle with prefix - as written
• *sēp̄er*: masculine singular construct noun - book/scroll of
• *bərîṯ*: feminine singular noun - covenant

Word Meanings

• *wayəṣaw*: commanded/ordered/instructed
• *meleḵ*: king/ruler
• *ʿām*: people/nation/population
• *ʿăśû*: observe/celebrate/perform
• *pesaḥ*: Passover/Passover sacrifice
• *ʾĕlōhêḵem*: your God/your deity
• *kakkāṯûḇ*: as is written/as prescribed/according to what is written
• *sēp̄er*: book/scroll/document
• *bərîṯ*: covenant/agreement/treaty

Referenced Verses

• Deut 16:1-8 : 1 Thou shalt keepe the moneth of Abib, and thou shalt celebrate the Passeouer vnto the Lord thy God: for in the moneth of Abib ye Lord thy God brought thee out of Egypt by night. 2 Thou shalt therefore offer the Passeouer vnto the Lord thy God, of sheepe and bullockes in the place where the Lord shall chose to cause his Name to dwell. 3 Thou shalt eate no leauened bread with it: but seuen dayes shalt thou eate vnleauened bread therewith, euen the bread of tribulation: for thou camest out of the land of Egypt in haste, that thou maist remember ye day whe thou camest out of the land of Egypt, all the dayes of thy life. 4 And there shalbe no leauen seene with thee in all thy coastes seuen dayes long: neither shall there remaine the night any of the flesh vntil the morning which thou offeredst ye first day at euen. 5 Thou maist not offer ye Passeouer within any of thy gates, which ye Lord thy God giueth thee: 6 But in the place which the Lord thy God shall choose to place his Name, there thou shalt offer the Passeouer at euen, about the going downe of the sunne, in the season that thou camest out of Egypt. 7 And thou shalt roste & eate it in the place which the Lord thy God shall choose, and shalt returne on the morowe, and goe vnto thy tentes. 8 Six daies shalt thou eate vnleauened bread, and ye seuenth day shall be a solemne assemblie to ye Lord thy God thou shalt do no worke therei n.
• 2 Chr 35:1-9 : 1 Moreouer Iosiah kept a Passeouer vnto the Lord in Ierusalem, & they slewe the Passeouer in the fourtenth day of the first moneth. 2 And he appointed the Priestes to their charges, and incouraged them to the seruice of the house of the Lord, 3 And he sayd vnto the Leuites that taught all Israel and were sanctified vnto the Lorde, Put the holy Arke in the house which Salomon the sonne of Dauid King of Israel did build: it shalbe no more a burden vpo your shoulders: serue now the Lord your God and his people Israel, 4 And prepare your selues by the houses of your fathers according to your courses, as Dauid the King of Israel hath written, and according to the writing of Salomon his sonne, 5 And stande in the Sanctuarie according to the deuision of the families of your brethren the children of the people, and after the deuision of the familie of the Leuites: 6 So kil the Passeouer & sanctifie your selues, and prepare your brethren that they may doe according to the worde of the Lorde by the hand of Moses. 7 Iosiah also gaue to the people sheepe, lambs and kiddes, all for the Passeouer, euen to all that were present, to the nomber of thirtie thousand, and three thousande bullocks: these were of the Kings substance. 8 And his princes offred willingly vnto the people, to the Priests and to the Leuites: Hilkiah, and Zechariah, and Iehiel, rulers of the house of God, gaue vnto the Priests for the Passeouer, euen two thousand and sixe hundreth sheepe, and three hundreth bullockes. 9 Conaniah also and Shemaiah and Nethaneel his brethren, and Hashabiah and Ieiel, & Iozabad, chiefe of the Leuites gaue vnto the Leuites for the Passeouer, fiue thousand sheepe, and fiue hundreth bullockes. 10 Thus the seruice was prepared, and the Priests stoode in their places, also the Leuites in their orders, according to the Kings commandement: 11 And they slewe the Passeouer, and the Priests sprinkled the blood with their handes, and the Leuites flayed them. 12 And they tooke away from the burnt offering to giue it according to the deuisions of the families of the children of the people, to offer vnto the Lord, as it is written in the booke of Moses, and so of the bullockes. 13 And they rosted the Passeouer with fire, according to ye custome, but the sanctified things they sod in pots, pannes, and cauldrons, and distributed them quickely to all the people. 14 Afterwarde also they prepared for them selues and for the Priestes: for the Priestes the sonnes of Aaron were occupied in offering of burnt offrings, and the fat vntill night: therefore the Leuites prepared for them selues, and for the Priests the sonnes of Aaron. 15 And the singers the sonnes of Asaph stoode in their standing according to the commandement of Dauid, and Asaph, and Heman, and Ieduthun the Kings Seer: and the porters at euery gate, who might not depart from their seruice: therefore their brethren the Leuites prepared for them. 16 So all the seruice of the Lord was prepared the same day, to keepe the Passeouer, and to offer burnt offerings vpon the altar of the Lord, according to the commandement of King Iosiah. 17 And the children of Israel that were present, kept the Passeouer the same time, and the feast of the vnleauened bread seuen dayes. 18 And there was no Passeouer kept like that, in Israel, from the dayes of Samuel the Prophet: neyther did all the Kings of Israel keepe such a Passeouer as Iosiah kept, and the Priestes and the Leuites, and all Iudah, and Israel that were present, and the inhabitants of Ierusalem. 19 This Passeouer was kept in the eighteenth yeere of the reigne of Iosiah.
• Exod 12:3-9 : 3 Speake ye vnto all the congregation of Israel, saying, In the tenth of this moneth let euery man take vnto him a lambe, according to the house of the fathers, a lambe for an house. 4 And if the housholde be too litle for the lambe, he shall take his neighbour, which is next vnto his house, according to the nomber of the persons: euery one of you, according to his eating shall make your count for the lambes, 5 Your lambe shalbe without blemish, a male of a yeere olde: ye shall take it of the lambes, or of the kiddes. 6 And yee shall keepe it vntill the fourteenth day of this moneth: then al the multitude of the Congregation of Israel shall kill it at euen. 7 After, they shall take of the blood, & strike it on the two postes, and on the vpper doore post of the houses where they shall eate it. 8 And they shal eate the flesh the same night, roste with fire, and vnleauened bread: with sowre herbes they shall eate it. 9 Eate not thereof rawe, boyled nor sodden in water, but rost with fire, both his head, his feete, and his purtenance. 10 And ye shal reserue nothing of it vnto the morning: but that, which remaineth of it vnto the morowe, shall ye burne with fire. 11 And thus shall yee eate it, Your loynes girded, your shoes on your feete, and your staues in your handes, and yee shall eate it in haste: for it is the Lords Passeouer. 12 For I will passe through the lande of Egypt the same night, and will smite all the first borne in the land of Egypt, both man and beast, and I will execute iudgement vpon all the gods of Egypt. I am the Lord. 13 And the blood shalbe a toke for you vpon the houses where ye are: so when I see the blood, I will passe ouer you, and the plague shall not be vpon you to destruction, when I smite the lande of Egypt. 14 And this day shalbe vnto you a remembrance: and ye shall keepe it an holie feast vnto the Lord, throughout your generations: yee shall keepe it holie by an ordinance for euer. 15 Seuen daies shall ye eat vnleauened bread, and in any case ye shall put away leauen the first day out of your houses: for whosoeuer eateth leauened bread from the first daie vntill the seuenth day, that person shalbe cut off from Israel. 16 And in the first day shalbe an holie assemblie: also in the seuenth day shalbe an holy assemblie vnto you: no worke shalbe done in them, saue about that which euery man must eate: that onely may ye do. 17 Ye shall keepe also the feast of vnleauened bread: for that same daye I will bring your armies out of the lande of Egypt: therefore ye shal obserue this day, throughout your posteritie, by an ordinance for euer. 18 In the first moneth and the fourteenth day of the moneth at euen, yee shall eate vnleauened bread vnto the one and twentieth day of the moneth at euen. 19 Seuen daies shall no leauen be founde in your houses: for whosoeuer eateth leauened bread, that person shalbe cut off from the Congregation of Israel: whether he bee a stranger, or borne in the land. 20 Ye shall eate no leauened bread: but in all your habitations shall ye eate vnleauened bread.
• Lev 23:5-8 : 5 In the first moneth, and in the fourteenth day of the moneth at euening shalbe ye Passeouer of the Lord. 6 And on the fifteenth day of this moneth shalbe the feast of vnleauened bread vnto the Lord: seuen dayes ye shall eate vnleauened bread. 7 In the first day yee shall haue an holy conuocation: ye shal do no seruile worke therein. 8 Also ye shall offer sacrifice made by fire vnto the Lord seuen daies, and in the seuenth day shalbe an holie conuocation: ye shall do no seruile worke therein.
• Num 9:2-5 : 2 The children of Israel shall also celebrate the Passeouer at ye time appointed thereunto. 3 In the fourtenth day of this moneth at euen, ye shall keepe it in his due season: according to all the ordinances of it, and according to all the ceremonies thereof shall ye keepe it. 4 Then Moses spake vnto the children of Israel, to celebrate the Passeouer. 5 And they kept the Passeouer in the fouretenth day of the first moneth at euen in the wildernesse of Sinai: according to all that the Lord had comanded Moses, so did ye children of Israel.
• Num 28:16-25 : 16 Also the fourtenth day of the first moneth is the Passeouer of the Lord. 17 And in ye fiftenth day of the same moneth is the feast: seuen dayes shall vnleauened bread be eaten. 18 In the first day shalbe an holy conuocation, ye shall do no seruile worke therein. 19 But ye shall offer a sacrifice made by fire for a burnt offring vnto the Lord, two yong bullocks, one ram, and seuen lambes of a yeere olde: see that they be without blemish. 20 And their meate offering shalbe of fine floure mingled with oyle: three tenth deales shall ye prepare for a bullocke, and two tenth deales for a ramme: 21 One tenth deale shalt thou prepare for euery lambe, euen for the seuen lambes. 22 And an hee goate for a sinne offering, to make an atonement for you. 23 Ye shall prepare these, beside the burnt offering in the morning, which is a continuall burnt sacrifice. 24 After this maner ye shall prepare throughout all the seuen dayes, for the mainteining of the offring made by fire for a sweete sauour vnto the Lorde: it shall be done beside the continuall burnt offring and drinke offring thereof. 25 And in ye seuenth day ye shal haue an holy conuocation, wherein ye shal do no seruile work.