Joshua 10:40

Geneva Bible (1560)

So Ioshua smote all the hill countreys, & the South countreys, and the valleys, & the hill sides, and all their Kings, and let none remaine, but vtterly destroyed euery soule, as the Lorde God of Israel had commanded.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיַּכֶּה יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אֶת־כָּל־הָאָרֶץ הָהָר וְהַנֶּגֶב וְהַשְּׁפֵלָה וְהָאֲשֵׁדוֹת וְאֵת כָּל־מַלְכֵיהֶם לֹא הִשְׁאִיר שָׂרִיד וְאֵת כָּל־הַנְּשָׁמָה הֶחֱרִים כַּאֲשֶׁר צִוָּה יְהוָה אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל

Transliteration

wə-yakkeh Yəhôšūaʿ ʾet-all-the-ʾereṣ the-hār wə-the-neḡeḇ wə-the-šəp̄ēlāh wə-the-ʾăšēḏôt wə-ʾēt all-malḵêhem not hišʾîr śārîḏ wə-ʾēt all-the-nəšāmāh heḥĕrîm as-that ṣiwwāh YHWH ʾĕlōhê Yiśrāʾēl

Grammar Details

• *wə-yakkeh*: conjunction + Hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he struck/smote
• *Yəhôšūaʿ*: proper noun, masculine singular - Joshua
• *ʾet*: direct object marker
• *ʾereṣ*: common noun, feminine singular construct - land of
• *hār*: common noun, masculine singular - hill country/mountain
• *wə*: conjunction - and
• *neḡeḇ*: common noun, masculine singular - Negev/south
• *šəp̄ēlāh*: common noun, feminine singular - lowland/foothills
• *ʾăšēḏôt*: common noun, feminine plural - slopes/ravines/springs
• *wə-ʾēt*: conjunction + direct object marker
• *malḵêhem*: common noun, masculine plural construct + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their kings
• *hišʾîr*: Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he left/remained
• *śārîḏ*: common noun, masculine singular - survivor/remnant
• *nəšāmāh*: common noun, feminine singular - breath/life/living being
• *heḥĕrîm*: Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he devoted to destruction/utterly destroyed
• *ṣiwwāh*: Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he commanded
• *YHWH*: proper noun, divine name - Yahweh/LORD
• *ʾĕlōhê*: common noun, masculine plural construct - God of
• *Yiśrāʾēl*: proper noun - Israel

Word Meanings

• *ʾăšēḏôt*: slopes/ravines/springs/valleys/waterfalls
• *heḥĕrîm*: devoted to destruction/utterly destroyed/banned/put under the ban
• *nəšāmāh*: breath/breathing thing/life/soul/living being

Referenced Verses

• Deut 7:2-9 : 2 And the Lord thy God shal giue them before thee, then thou shalt smite them: thou shalt vtterly destroy them: thou shalt make no couenant with them, nor haue compassion on them, 3 Neither shalt thou make marriages with them, neither giue thy daughter vnto his sonne, nor take his daughter vnto thy sonne. 4 For they wil cause thy sonne to turne away from me, and to serue other gods: then will the wrath of the Lord waxe hote against you and destroy thee suddenly. 5 But thus ye shal deale with them, Ye shal ouerthrowe their altars, and breake downe their pillars, and ye shall cut downe their groues, and burne their grauen images with fire. 6 For thou art an holy people vnto the Lord thy God, the Lorde thy God hath chosen thee, to be a precious people vnto himselfe, aboue all people that are vpon the earth. 7 The Lord did not set his loue vpon you, nor chose you, because ye were mo in number then any people: for ye were the fewest of all people: 8 But because the Lord loued you, and because hee would keepe the othe which hee had sworne vnto your fathers, the Lord hath brought you out by a mightie hand, and deliuered you out of the house of bondage from the hand of Pharaoh King of Egypt, 9 That thou mayest knowe, that the Lord thy God, he is God, the faithfull God which keepeth couenant and mercie vnto them that loue him and keepe his commaundements, euen to a thousand generations, 10 And rewardeth them to their face that hate him, to bring them to destruction: he wil not deferre to reward him that hateth him, to his face. 11 Keepe thou therefore the commaundements, and the ordinances, and the lawes, which I commaund thee this day to doe them. 12 For if ye hearken vnto these lawes, and obserue and doe them, then the Lorde thy God shal keepe with thee the couenant, and the mercie which he sware vnto thy fathers. 13 And he wil loue thee, and blesse thee, and multiplie thee: he will also blesse the fruite of thy wombe, and the fruite of thy land, thy corne and thy wine, and thine oyle and the increase of thy kine, and the flockes of thy sheepe in the land, which he sware vnto thy fathers to giue thee. 14 Thou shalt be blessed aboue all people: there shall be neither male nor female barren among you, nor among your cattell. 15 Moreouer, the Lorde will take away from thee all infirmities, and will put none of the euill diseases of Egypt (which thou knowest) vpon thee, but wil send them vpon all that hate thee. 16 Thou shalt therefore consume all people which the Lord thy God shall giue thee: thine eye shall not spare them, neither shalt thou serue their gods, for that shalbe thy destruction.
• Deut 7:24 : 24 And he shall deliuer their Kings into thine hand, and thou shalt destroy their name from vnder heauen: there shall no man be able to stand before thee, vntill thou hast destroyed them.
• Deut 20:16-17 : 16 But of the cities of this people, which the Lorde thy God shall giue thee to inherite, thou shalt saue no person aliue, 17 But shalt vtterly destroy them: to wit, the Hittites, and the Amorites, the Canaanites, & the Perizzites, the Hiuites, and the Iebusites, as the Lord thy God hath commanded thee,
• Deut 26:16-17 : 16 This day the Lord thy God doeth command thee to do these ordinances, & lawes: keepe them therefore, & do them with al thine heart, and with all thy soule. 17 Thou hast set vp the Lorde this day to be thy God, and to walke in his wayes, and to keepe his ordinances, and his commandements, and his lawes, and to hearken vnto his voyce.
• Josh 6:17 : 17 And the citie shalbe an execrable thing, both it, and all that are therein, vnto the Lorde: onely Rahab the harlot shall liue, shee, and all that are with her in the house: for shee hid the messengers that we sent.
• Josh 8:2 : 2 And thou shalt doe to Ai and to the King thereof, as thou didst vnto Iericho and to the King thereof: neuerthelesse the spoyle thereof and the cattell thereof shall ye take vnto you for a praye: thou shalt lye in wait against the citie on the backside thereof.
• Josh 8:27 : 27 Onely the cattell and the spoyle of this citie, Israel tooke for a praye vnto themselues, according vnto the worde of the Lorde, which hee commaunded Ioshua.
• Josh 9:24 : 24 And they answered Ioshua, and sayd, Because it was tolde thy seruants, that the Lord thy God had commanded his seruant Moses to giue you all the land, and to destroy all the inhabitants of the land out of your sight, therefore we were exceeding sore afraid for our liues at the presence of you, and haue done this thing:
• Josh 10:35 : 35 And they tooke it the same day, & smote it with the edge of the sword, and all the soules that were therein he vtterly destroyed the same day, according to all that he had done to Lachish.
• Josh 10:37 : 37 And when they had taken it, they smote it with the edge of the sword, & the King thereof, and all the cities thereof, and all the soules that were therein: he left none remaining, according to all as he had done to Eglon: for he destroyed it vtterly, and all the soules that were therein.
• Josh 12:8 : 8 In the mountaines, and in the valleys, and in the plaines, and in the hill sides, and in the wildernes, and in the South, where were the Hittites, the Amorites, and the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hiuites, and the Iebusites.
• Josh 15:21-63 : 21 And the vtmost cities of the tribe of the children of Iudah, toward the coastes of Edom Southward were Kabzeel, and Eder, and Iagur, 22 And Kinah, and Dimonah, and Adadah, 23 And Kedesh, and Hazor, and Ithnan, 24 Ziph, and Telem, and Bealoth, 25 And Hazor, Hadattah, and Kerioth, Hesron (which is Hazor) 26 Amam, and Shema, and Moladah, 27 And Hazar, Gaddah, and Heshmon, and Beth-palet, 28 And Hasar-shual, and Beersheba, and Biziothiah, 29 Baalah, and Iim, and Azem, 30 And Eltolad, and Chesil, and Hormah, 31 And Ziklag, & Madmanna, & Sansannah, 32 And Lebaoth, and Shilhim, and Ain, and Rimmon: all these cities are twentie and nine with their villages. 33 In the lowe countrey were Eshtaol, and Zoreah, and Ashnah, 34 And Zanoah, and En-gannim, Tappuah, and Enam, 35 Iarmuth, and Adullam, Socoh, & Azekah, 36 And Sharaim, and Adithaim, and Gederah, and Gederothaim: fourteene cities with their villages. 37 Zenam, and Hadashah, and Migdal-gad, 38 And Dileam, and Mizpeh, and Ioktheel, 39 Lachish, and Bozkath, and Eglon, 40 And Cabbon, and Lahmam, and Kithlish, 41 And Gederoth, Beth-dagon, and Naamah, and Makkedah: sixteene cities with their villages. 42 Lebnah, and Ether, and Ashan, 43 And Iipthtah, and Ashnah, and Nezib, 44 And Keilah, and Aczib, & Mareshah: nine cities with their villages. 45 Ekron with her townes and her villages, 46 From Ekron, euen vnto the Sea, all that lyeth about Ashdod with their villages. 47 Ashdod with her townes and her villages: Azzah with her townes and her villages, vnto the riuer of Egypt, & the great Sea was their coast. 48 And in the mountaines were Shamir, and Iattir, and Socoh, 49 And Dannah, & Kiriath-sannath (which is Debir) 50 And Anab, and Ashtemoth, and Anim, 51 And Goshen, and Holon, & Giloh: eleuen cities with their villages, 52 Arab, and Dumah, and Eshean, 53 And Ianum, & Beth-tappuah, & Aphekah, 54 And Humtah, and Kiriath-arba, (which is Hebron) and Zior: nine cities with their villages. 55 Maon, Carmel, and Ziph, and Iuttah, 56 And Izreel, and Iokdeam, and Zanoah, 57 Kain, Gibeah, and Timnah: ten cities with their villages. 58 Halhul, Beth-zur, and Gedor, 59 And Maarah, and Beth-anoth, & Eltekon: sixe cities with their villages. 60 Kiriath-baal, which is Kiriath-iearim, and Rabbah: two cities with their villages. 61 In the wildernes were Beth-arabah, Middin, and Secacah, 62 And Nibshan, and the citie of salt, & Engedi: sixe cities with their villages. 63 Neuerthelesse, the Iebusites that were the inhabitants of Ierusalem, could not the children of Iudah cast out, but the Iebusites dwell with the children of Iudah at Ierusalem vnto this day.
• Josh 18:21-19:8 : 21 Nowe the cities of the tribe of the children of Beniamin according to their families, are Iericho, and Beth-hoglah, and the valley of Keziz, 22 And Beth-arabah, and Zemaraim, and Beth-el, 23 And Auim, and Parah, and Ophrah, 24 And Chephar, Ammonai, and Ophni, and Gaba: twelue cities with their villages. 25 Gibeon, and Ramah, and Beeroth, 26 And Mizpeh, & Chephirah, and Mozah, 27 And Rekem, and Irpeel, and Taralah, 28 And Zela, Eleph, and Iebusi, (which is Ierusalem) Gibeath, and Kiriath: fourteene cities with their villages: this is the inheritance of the children of Beniamin according to their families. 1 And the second lot came out to Simeon, euen for the tribe of the children of Simeon according to their families: and their inheritance was in the middes of the inheritance of the children of Iudah. 2 Nowe they had in their inheritance, Beersheba, and Sheba, and Moladah, 3 And Hazur-shual, and Balah, and Azem, 4 And Eltolad, and Bethul, and Hormah, 5 And Ziklag, and Beth-marcaboth, and Hazar-susah, 6 And Beth-lebaoth, and Sharuhen: thirteene cities with their villages. 7 Ain, Remmon, and Ether, and Ashan: foure cities with their villages. 8 And all the villages that were round about these cities, vnto Baalathbeer, & Ramath Southward: this is the inheritance of the tribe of the children of Simeon according to their families.
• Josh 19:40-48 : 40 The seuenth lot came out for the tribe of the children of Dan according to their families. 41 And the coast of their inheritance was Zorah, and Eshtaol, and Ir-shemesh, 42 And Shaalabbin, and Aiialon, and Ithlah, 43 And Elon, and Temnathah, and Ekron, 44 And Eltekeh, and Gibbethon, and Baalah, 45 And Iehud, and Bene-berak, and Gath-rimmon, 46 And Me-iarkon, and Rakkon, with the border that lieth before Iapho. 47 But the coastes of the children of Dan fell out too litle for them: therefore the children of Dan went vp to fight against Leshem, & tooke it, and smote it with the edge of the sworde, and possessed it, and dwelt therein, & called Leshem, Dan after the name of Dan their father. 48 This is the inheritance of the tribe of the childre of Dan according to their families: that is, these cities and their villages.
• 1 Kgs 15:29 : 29 And when he was King, he smote all the house of Ieroboam, he left none aliue to Ieroboa, vntill hee had destroyed him, according to the word of the Lord which he spake by his seruant Ahijah the Shilonite,
• Ps 9:17 : 17 The wicked shall turne into hell, and all nations that forget God.
• 2 Thess 1:7-9 : 7 And to you which are troubled, rest with vs, when the Lorde Iesus shall shewe himselfe from heauen with his mightie Angels, 8 In flaming fire, rendring vengeance vnto them, that doe not know God, and which obey not vnto the Gospel of our Lord Iesus Christ, 9 Which shall be punished with euerlasting perdition, from the presence of the Lord, & from the glory of his power,
• Exod 23:31-33 : 31 And I will make thy coastes from the red sea vnto the sea of the Philistims, and from the desert vnto the Riuer: for I will deliuer the inhabitants of the lande into your hande, and thou shalt driue them out from thy face. 32 Thou shalt make no couenant with them, nor with their gods: 33 Neither shall they dwell in thy lande, least they make thee sinne against me: for if thou serue their gods, surely it shall be thy destruction.
• Exod 34:12 : 12 Take heede to thy selfe, that thou make no compact with ye inhabitantes of the land whither thou goest, least they be the cause of ruine among you:
• Deut 1:7 : 7 Turne you and depart, and goe vnto the mountaine of the Amorites, and vnto all places neere thereunto in the plaine, in the mountaine, or in the valley: both Southwarde, and to the Sea side, to the land of the Canaanites, and vnto Lebanon: euen vnto the great riuer, the riuer Perath.