Nehemiah 13:1

Geneva Bible (1560)

And on that day did they reade in the booke of Moses, in the audience of the people, and it was found written therein, that the Ammonite, & the Moabite should not enter into the Congregation of God,

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא נִקְרָ֛א בְּסֵ֥פֶר מֹשֶׁ֖ה בְּאָזְנֵ֣י הָעָ֑ם וְנִמְצָא֙ כָּת֣וּב בּ֔וֹ אֲ֠שֶׁר לֹא־יָב֨וֹא עַמֹּנִ֧י וּמֹאָבִ֛י בִּקְהַ֥ל הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים עַד־עוֹלָֽם׃

Transliteration

In yôm the hû' was niqrā' in sēfer Mošeh in 'oznê the 'ām; and was nimṣā' kāṯûḇ in bô that not yāḇô' 'ammōnî and mō'āḇî in qəhal the 'ĕlōhîm until 'ôlām.

Grammar Details

• *yôm*: masculine singular noun with definite article prefix - day
• *hû'*: demonstrative pronoun - that
• *niqrā'*: Niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was read/called
• *sēfer*: masculine singular construct - book/scroll of
• *Mošeh*: proper name - Moses
• *'oznê*: dual construct noun - ears of
• *'ām*: masculine singular noun with definite article - people
• *nimṣā'*: Niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was found
• *kāṯûḇ*: Qal passive participle - written
• *bô*: preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - in it
• *yāḇô'*: Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - shall enter/come
• *'ammōnî*: gentilic adjective - Ammonite
• *mō'āḇî*: gentilic adjective - Moabite
• *qəhal*: masculine singular construct - assembly/congregation of
• *'ĕlōhîm*: masculine plural noun - God
• *'ôlām*: masculine singular noun - forever/eternity

Word Meanings

• *niqrā'*: was read/was called
• *sēfer*: book/scroll/document
• *'ĕlōhîm*: God/gods/divine beings (plural form used for singular deity)
• *'ôlām*: forever/perpetuity/ancient time

Referenced Verses

• Neh 9:3 : 3 And they stood vp in their place and read in the booke of the Lawe of the Lord their GOD foure times on the day, and they confessed and worshipped the Lord their God foure times.
• Deut 23:3-5 : 3 The Ammonites and the Moabites shall not enter into the Congregation of the Lord: euen to their tenth generation shal they not enter into the Congregation of the Lord for euer, 4 Because they met you not with bread & water in the way, when yee came out of Egypt, and because they hyred against thee Balaam the sonne of Beor, of Pethor in Aram-naharaim, to curse thee. 5 Neuerthelesse, the Lorde thy God would not hearken vnto Balaam, but the Lord thy God turned the curse to a blessing vnto thee, because the Lord thy God loued thee.
• Deut 31:11-12 : 11 When all Israel shall come to appeare before the Lorde thy God, in the place which he shall chuse, thou shalt reade this Lawe before all Israel that they may heare it. 12 Gather the people together: men, and women, and children, and thy stranger that is within thy gates, that they may heare, and that they may learne, and feare the Lorde your God, and keepe and obserue all the wordes of this Lawe,
• Neh 13:23 : 23 In those dayes also I saw Iewes that married wiues of Ashdod, of Ammon, and of Moab.
• 2 Kgs 23:2 : 2 And the King went vp into the house of the Lord, with all the men of Iudah and all the inhabitants of Ierusalem with him, and the Priests & Prophets, and all the people both smal and great: and he reade in their eares all the wordes of the booke of the couenant, which was found in the house of the Lord.
• Neh 2:10 : 10 But Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah a seruant an Ammonite heard it, and it grieued them sore, that there was come a man which sought the wealth of the children of Israel.
• Neh 2:19 : 19 But when Sanballat the Horonite, and Tobiah the seruant an Ammonite, and Geshem the Arabian heard it, they mocked vs and despised vs, and said, What a thing is this that ye doe? Will ye rebell against the King?
• Neh 4:3 : 3 And Tobiah the Ammonite was beside him, and said, Although they buylde, yet if a foxe goe vp, he shall euen breake downe their stonie wall.
• Neh 8:3-8 : 3 And he read therein in the streete that was before the watergate (from the morning vntill the midday) before men and women, and them that vnderstoode it, and the eares of all the people hearkened vnto the booke of the Lawe. 4 And Ezra the Scribe stoode vpon a pulpit of wood which he had made for the preaching, and beside him stood Mattithiah, and Shema, & Ananiah, and Vriiah, and Hilkiah, and Maaseiah on his right hande, and on his left hand Pedaiah, and Mishael, and Malchiah, & Hashum, & Hashbadana, Zechariah, and Meshullam. 5 And Ezra opened the booke before all the people: for hee was aboue all the people: and when he opened it, all the people stoode vp. 6 And Ezra praysed the Lorde the great God, and all the people answered, Amen, Amen, with lifting vp their handes: & they bowed themselues, and worshipped the Lord with their faces toward the grounde. 7 Also Ieshua, and Bani, and Sherebiah, Iamin, Akkub, Shabbethai, Hodiiah, Maaseiah, Kelita, Azariah, Iozabad, Hanan, Pelaiah, and the Leuites caused the people to vnderstand the lawe, and the people stood in their place. 8 And they read in the booke of the Lawe of God distinctly, and gaue the sense, & caused them to vnderstand the reading.
• Ps 83:7-9 : 7 Gebal and Ammon, and Amalech, the Philistims with the inhabitants of Tyrus: 8 Asshur also is ioyned with them: they haue bene an arme to the children of Lot. Selah. 9 Doe thou to them as vnto the Midianites: as to Sisera and as to Iabin at the riuer of Kishon.
• Isa 15:1-9 : 1 The burden of Moab. Surely Ar of Moab was destroied, & brought to silece in a night: surely Kir of Moab was destroied, and brought to silence in a night. 2 He shal goe vp to the temple, & to Dibon to the hie places to weepe: for Nebo & for Medeba shall Moab howle: vpon all their heades shalbe baldnesse, and euery beard shauen. 3 In their streetes shall they bee gilded with sackecloth: on the toppes of their houses, and in their streetes euery one shall howle, and come downe with weeping. 4 And Heshbon shall crie, and Elealeh: their voyce shall bee heard vnto Iahaz: therefore the warriers of Moab shall showt: the soule of euery one shall lament in him selfe. 5 Mine heart shall crie for Moab: his fugitiues shal flee vnto Zoar, an heiffer of three yere olde: for they shall goe vp with weeping by the mounting vp of Luhith: and by the way of Horonaim they shall raise vp a crie of destruction. 6 For the waters of Nimrim shal be dried vp: therefore the grasse is withered, the herbes consumed, and there was no greene herbe. 7 Therefore what euery man hath left, and their substance shall they beare to the brooke of the willowes. 8 For the crie went round about the borders of Moab: and the howling thereof vnto Eglaim, and the skriking thereof vnto Beer Elim, 9 Because the waters of Dimon shall be full of blood: for I will bring more vpon Dimon, euen lyons vpon him that escapeth of Moab, and to the remnant of the land.
• Isa 34:16 : 16 Seeke in the booke of the Lord, and reade: none of these shall fayle, none shall want her make: for his mouth hath commaunded, and his very Spirit hath gathered them.
• Jer 48:1-49:6 : 1 Concerning Moab, thus saith ye Lord of hostes, the God of Israel, Woe vnto Nebo: for it is wasted: Kiriathaim is confounded and taken: Misgab is confounded and afraide. 2 Moab shall boast no more of Heshbon: for they haue deuised euill against it. Come, and let vs destroy it, that it be no more a nation: also thou shalt be destroyed, O Madmen, and the sworde shall pursue thee. 3 A voyce of crying shall be from Horonaim with desolation and great destruction. 4 Moab is destroyed: her litle ones haue caused their crie to be heard. 5 For at the going vp of Luhith, the mourner shall goe vp with weeping: for in the going downe of Horonaim, the enemies haue heard a cry of destruction, 6 Flee and saue your liues, and be like vnto the heath in the wildernesse. 7 For because thou hast trusted in thy workes and in thy treasures, thou shalt also be taken, and Chemosh shall goe forth into captiuitie with his Priestes and his princes together. 8 And the destroyer shall come vpon all cities, and no citie shall escape: the valley also shall perish and the plaine shalbe destroyed as the Lord hath spoken. 9 Giue wings vnto Moab, that it may flee and get away: for the cities thereof shalbe desolate, without any to dwell therein. 10 Cursed be he that doeth the worke of the Lord negligently, and cursed be he that keepeth backe his sword from blood. 11 Moab hath bene at rest from his youth, and he hath setled on his lees, and hath not bene powred from vessell to vessell, neither hath he gone into captiuitie: therefore his taste remained in him and his sent is not changed. 12 Therefore beholde, the dayes come, saith the Lord, that I will send vnto him such as shall carie him away, and shall emptie his vessels, and breake their bottels. 13 And Moab shalbe ashamed of Chemosh as the house of Israel was ashamed of Beth-el their confidence. 14 Howe thinke you thus, We are mightie and strong men of warre? 15 Moab is destroyed, & his cities burnt vp, & his chose yong men are gone downe to slaughter, saith ye King, whose name is ye Lord of hostes. 16 The destruction of Moab is ready to come, and his plague hasteth fast. 17 All ye that are about him, mourne for him, and all ye that knowe his name, say, Howe is the strong staffe broken, and the beautifull rod! 18 Thou daughter that doest inhabite Dibon, come downe from thy glory, and sit in thirst: for the destroyer of Moab shall come vpon thee, and he shall destroy thy strong holdes. 19 Thou that dwellest in Aroer, stand by the way, and beholde: aske him that fleeth and that escapeth, and say, What is done? 20 Moab is cofouded: for it is destroied: howle, and cry, tell ye it in Arnon, that Moab is made waste, 21 And iudgement is come vpon the plaine countrey, vpon Holon and vpon Iahazah, and vpon Mephaath, 22 And vpon Dibon, and vpon Nebo, and vpon the house of Diblathaim, 23 And vpon Kiriathaim, and vpon Beth-gamul, and vpon Beth-meon, 24 And vpon Kerioth, and vpon Bozrah, & vpon all the cities of ye land of Moab farre or neere. 25 The horne of Moab is cut off, & his arme is broken, saith the Lord. 26 Make ye him drunken: for he magnified himselfe against the Lord: Moab shall wallowe in his vomite, and he also shalbe in derision. 27 For diddest not thou deride Israel, as though he had bene found among theeues? for when thou speakest of him, thou art moued. 28 O ye that dwell in Moab, leaue the cities, and dwell in the rockes, and be like the doue, that maketh her nest in the sides of the holes mouth. 29 We haue heard the pride of Moab (hee is exceeding proude) his stoutnesse, and his arrogancie, and his pride, and the hautinesse of his heart. 30 I know his wrath, saith ye Lord, but it shall not be so: & his dissimulatios, for they do not right. 31 Therefore will I howle for Moab, and I will crie out for all Moab: mine heart shal mourne for the men of Kir-heres. 32 O vine of Sibmah, I will weepe for thee, as I wept for Iazer: thy plants are gone ouer the sea, they are come to the sea of Iazer: ye destroyer is fallen vpon thy somer fruites, & vpon thy vintage, 33 And ioye, and gladnesse is taken from the plentifull fielde, and from the land of Moab: and I haue caused wine to faile from the winepresse: none shall treade with shouting: their shouting shall be no shouting. 34 From the cry of Heshbon vnto Elaleh and vnto Iahaz haue they made their noyse fro Zoar vnto Horonaim, ye heiffer of three yere old shal go lowing: for ye waters also of Nimrim shalbe wasted. 35 Moreouer, I will cause to cease in Moab, saith the Lord, him that offered in the high places, and him that burneth incense to his gods. 36 Therefore mine heart shall sounde for Moab like a shaume, and mine heart shall sound like a shaume for the men of Ker-heres, because the riches that he hath gotten, is perished. 37 For euery head shalbe balde, and euery beard plucked: vpon all the handes shall be cuttings, and vpon the loynes sackecloth. 38 And mourning shall be vpon all the house toppes of Moab and in all the streetes thereof: for I haue broken Moab like a vessell wherein is no pleasure, sayeth the Lord. 39 They shal howle, saying, How is he destroyed? howe hath Moab turned the backe with shame? so shall Moab be a derision, and a feare to all them about him. 40 For thus saith the Lord, Beholde, he shall flee as an egle, & shal spread his wings ouer Moab. 41 The cities are taken, and the strong holdes are wonne, and ye mightie mens hearts in Moab at that day shalbe as ye heart of a woman in trauaile. 42 And Moab shall be destroyed from being a people, because he hath set vp himselfe against the Lord. 43 Feare, and pit and snare shall be vpon thee, O inhabitant of Moab, saith the Lord. 44 He that escapeth from the feare, shall fall in the pit, and he that getteth vp out of the pit, shall be taken in the snare: for I will bring vpon it, euen vpon Moab, the yeere of their visitation, sayeth the Lord. 45 They that fled, stoode vnder the shadowe of Heshbon, because of the force: for the fire came out of Heshbon, and a flame from Sihon, and deuoured the corner of Moab, and the top of the seditious children. 46 Wo be vnto thee, O Moab: the people of Chemosh perisheth: for thy sonnes are taken captiues, and thy daughters led into captiuitie. 47 Yet will I bring againe the captiuitie of Moab in the latter dayes, sayeth the Lord. Thus farre of the iudgement of Moab. 1 Vnto the children of Ammon thus saith the Lord, Hath Israel no sonnes? or hath he none heire? Why then hath their king possessed God? and his people dwelt in his cities? 2 Therefore beholde the dayes come, sayeth the Lorde, that I will cause a noyse of warre to be heard in Rabbah of the Ammonites, and it shall be a desolate heape, and her daughters shall be burnt with fire: then shall Israel possesse those that possessed him, sayeth the Lord. 3 Howle, O Heshbon, for Ai is wasted: crie ye daughters of Rabbah: girde you with sackecloth: mourne and runne to and fro by the hedges: for their King shall goe into captiuitie; and his Priestes, and his princes likewise. 4 Wherefore gloriest thou in the valleis? thy valley floweth away, O rebellious daughter: she trusted in her treasures, saying, Who shall come vnto me? 5 Beholde, I will bring a feare vpon thee, sayth the Lorde God of hostes, of all those that be about thee, & ye shalbe scattered euery man right foorth, and none shall gather him that fleeth. 6 And afterward I will bring againe the captiuitie of the children of Ammon.
• Ezek 25:1-9 : 1 The worde of the Lord came againe vnto me, saying, 2 Sonne of man, set thy face against the Ammonites, and prophecie against them, 3 And say vnto the Ammonites, Heare the word of the Lord God, Thus saith the Lord God, Because thou saydest, Ha, ha, against my Sanctuarie, when it was polluted, and against the land of Israel, when it was desolate, and against the house of Iudah, when they went into captiuitie, 4 Beholde, therefore I will deliuer thee to the men of the East for a possession, and they shall set their palaces in thee, & make their dwellings in thee: they shall eate thy fruite, and they shall drinke thy milke. 5 And I will make Rabbah a dwelling place for camels, and the Ammonites a sheepecote, and ye shall knowe that I am the Lord. 6 For thus saith the Lord God, Because thou hast clapped the hands, and stamped with the feete, and reioyced in heart with all thy despite against the land of Israel, 7 Beholde, therefore I will stretche out mine hand vpon thee, and will deliuer thee to be spoyled of the heathen, and I will roote thee out from the people, and I will cause thee to be destroyed out of the countreys, and I will destroy thee, and thou shalt know that I am the Lord. 8 Thus saith the Lord God, Because that Moab and Seir doe say, Beholde, the house of Iudah is like vnto all the heathen, 9 Therefore, beholde, I will open the side of Moab, euen of the cities of his cities, I say, in his frontiers with the pleasant countrey, Beth-ieshimoth, Baal-meon, and Karia-thaim. 10 I will call the men of the East against the Ammonites, and will giue them in possession, so that the Ammonites shal no more be remembred among the nations, 11 And I will execute iudgements vpon Moab, and they shall knowe that I am the Lord.
• Amos 1:13-2:3 : 13 Thus sayth ye Lord, For three transgressions of the children of Ammon, and for foure, I will not turne to it, because they haue ript vp the women with child of Gilead, that they might enlarge their border. 14 Therefore will I kindle a fire in the wall of Rabbah, and it shall deuoure the palaces thereof, with shouting in the day of battell, and with a tempest in the day of the whirlewinde. 15 And their King shall go into captiuitie, he and his princes together, saith the Lord. 1 Thus sayth the Lorde, For three transgressions of Moab, and for foure, I will not turne to it, because it burnt the bones of the King of Edom into lime. 2 Therefore will I send a fire vpon Moab, and it shall deuoure the palaces of Kerioth, and Moab shall die with tumult, with shouting, and with the sound of a trumpet. 3 And I will cut off the iudge out of the mids thereof, and will slay all the princes thereof with him, sayth the Lord.
• Luke 4:16-19 : 16 And hee came to Nazareth where hee had bene brought vp, and (as his custome was) went into the Synagogue on the Sabbath day, and stoode vp to reade. 17 And there was deliuered vnto him the booke of the Prophet Esaias: and when hee had opened the booke, hee founde the place, where it was written, 18 The Spirit of the Lorde is vpon mee, because he hath anoynted me, that I should preach the Gospel to the poore: he hath sent mee, that I should heale the broken hearted, that I should preach deliuerance to the captiues, and recouering of sight to the blinde, that I should set at libertie them that are bruised: 19 And that I should preache the acceptable yeere of the Lord.
• Luke 10:26 : 26 And he saide vnto him, What is written in the Lawe? Howe readest thou?
• Acts 13:15 : 15 And after the lecture of the Law & Prophets, the rulers of ye Synagogue sent vnto them, saying, Ye men & brethren, if ye haue any word of exhortation for the people, say on.
• Acts 15:21 : 21 For Moses of olde time hath in euery citie them that preache him, seeing he is read in the Synagogues euery Sabbath day.