Zechariah 3:1

Geneva Bible (1560)

And he shewed mee Iehoshua the hie Priest, standing before the Angel of the Lord, and Satan stoode at his right hand to resist him.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיַּרְאֵ֗נִי אֶת־יְהוֹשֻׁ֙עַ֙ הַכֹּהֵ֣ן הַגָּד֔וֹל עֹמֵ֕ד לִפְנֵ֖י מַלְאַ֣ךְ יְהוָ֑ה וְהַשָּׂטָ֛ן עֹמֵ֥ד עַל־יְמִינ֖וֹ לְשִׂטְנֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

And wayyarʾēnî me ʾēt-Yəhôšuaʿ the kōhēn the gādôl ʿōmēd before malʾaḵ YHWH and the śāṭān ʿōmēd at his right to śāṭan him.

Grammar Details

• *wayyarʾēnî*: Hiphil imperfect waw-consecutive, 3rd person masculine singular with 1st person suffix - he showed me
• *ʾēt*: Direct object marker
• *Yəhôšuaʿ*: Proper name, Joshua
• *kōhēn*: Noun, masculine singular construct - priest
• *gādôl*: Adjective, masculine singular - great/high
• *ʿōmēd*: Qal active participle, masculine singular - standing
• *malʾaḵ*: Noun, masculine singular construct - messenger/angel
• *YHWH*: Divine name, tetragrammaton
• *śāṭān*: Noun, masculine singular with definite article - the adversary/accuser
• *śāṭan*: Qal infinitive construct with preposition lamed and 3rd person masculine singular suffix - to accuse/oppose him

Word Meanings

• *ʿōmēd*: standing/positioned/present
• *malʾaḵ*: messenger/angel/representative
• *śāṭān*: adversary/accuser/opponent
• *śāṭan*: to accuse/to oppose/to resist

Referenced Verses

• Ps 109:6 : 6 Set thou the wicked ouer him, and let the aduersarie stand at his right hand.
• Zech 6:11 : 11 Take euen siluer, and golde, and make crownes, and set them vpon the head of Iehoshua, the sonne of Iehozadak the hie Priest,
• Hag 1:1 : 1 In the second yeere of King Darius, in the sixt moneth, the first day of the moneth, came ye worde of the Lorde (by the ministery of the Prophet Haggai) vnto Zerubbabel the sonne of Shealtiel, a prince of Iudah, and to Iehoshua the sonne of Iehozadak the hie Priest, saying,
• Ezra 5:2 : 2 Then Zerubbabel the sonne of Shealtiel, and Ieshua the sonne of Iozadak arose, and began to builde the house of God at Ierusalem, and with them were the Prophetes of God, which helped them.
• Job 1:6-9 : 6 Nowe on a day when the children of God came and stoode before the Lorde, Satan came also among them. 7 Then the Lord sayde vnto Satan, Whence commest thou? And Satan answered the Lord, saying, From compassing the earth to and fro, and from walking in it. 8 And the Lord saide vnto Satan, Hast thou not considered my seruant Iob, how none is like him in the earth? an vpright and iust man, one that feareth God, and escheweth euill? 9 Then Satan answered the Lord, and sayde, Doeth Iob feare God for nought? 10 Hast thou not made an hedge about him and about his house, & about all that he hath on euery side? thou hast blessed the worke of his hands, & his substance is increased in the land. 11 But stretch out now thine hand & touch all that he hath, to see if he will not blaspheme thee to thy face. 12 Then the Lorde sayde vnto Satan, Lo, all that he hath is in thine hand: onely vpon himselfe shalt thou not stretch out thine hand. So Satan departed from the presence of the Lord.
• Job 2:1-8 : 1 And on a day the children of God came and stood before the Lord, and Satan came also among them, and stoode before the Lord. 2 Then the Lord sayde vnto Satan, Whence commest thou? And Satan answered the Lorde, and sayd, From compassing the earth to and fro, and from walking in it. 3 And the Lord sayd vnto Satan, Hast thou not considered my seruant Iob, how none is like him in the earth? an vpright and iust man, one that feareth God, and escheweth euill? for yet he continueth in his vprightnesse, although thou mouedst me against him, to destroy him without cause. 4 And Satan answered the Lorde, and sayde, Skin for skin, and all that euer a man hath, will he giue for his life. 5 But stretch now out thine hand, and touch his bones and his flesh, to see if he will not blaspheme thee to thy face. 6 Then the Lorde said vnto Satan, Lo, he is in thine hand, but saue his life. 7 So Satan departed from the presence of the Lord, and smote Iob with sore boyles, from the sole of his foote vnto his crowne. 8 And he tooke a potsharde to scrape him, and he sate downe among the ashes.
• Ps 106:23 : 23 Therefore he minded to destroy them, had not Moses his chosen stand in the breach before him to turne away his wrath, least he shoulde destroy them.
• Jer 15:19 : 19 Therefore thus saith the Lord, If thou returne, then wil I bring thee againe, and thou shalt stand before me: and if thou take away the precious from the vile, thou shalt be according to my worde: let them returne vnto thee, but returne not thou vnto them.
• Ezek 44:11 : 11 And they shall serue in my Sanctuarie, and keepe the gates of the House, and minister in the House: they shall slay the burnt offring and the sacrifice for the people: and they shall stand before them to serue them.
• Ezek 44:15 : 15 But the Priests of the Leuites, the sonnes of Zadok, that kept the charge of my Sanctuarie, when the children of Israel went astray from me, they shall come neere to me to serue me, and they shall stande before me to offer me the fat and the blood, saith the Lord God.
• Hos 12:4-5 : 4 And had power ouer the Angel, and preuailed: he wept and praied vnto him: he founde him in Beth-el, and there he spake with vs. 5 Yea, the Lorde God of hostes, the Lorde is himselfe his memoriall.
• Gen 3:15 : 15 I wil also put enimitie betweene thee and the woman, and betweene thy seede & her seede. He shall breake thine head, and thou shalt bruise his heele.
• Gen 48:16 : 16 The Angel, which hath deliuered me from all euill, blesse the children, and let my name be named vpon them, and the name of my fathers Abraham and Izhak, that they may growe as fish into a multitude in the middes of the earth.
• Exod 3:2-6 : 2 Then the Angel of the Lord appeared vnto him in a flame of fire, out of the middes of a bush: and he looked, and behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed. 3 Therefore Moses saide, I will turne aside nowe, and see this great sight, why the bush burneth not. 4 And when the Lord sawe that he turned aside to see, God called vnto him out of the middes of the bush, and said, Moses, Moses; he answered, I am here. 5 Then he saide, Come not hither, put thy shooes off thy feete: for the place whereon thou standest is holy ground. 6 Moreouer he saide, I am the God of thy father, the God of Abraham, the God of Izhak, and the God of Iaakob. Then Moses hid his face: for he was afraid to looke vpon God.
• Exod 23:20-21 : 20 Behold, I send an Angel before thee, to keepe thee in the way, and to bring thee to the place which I haue prepared. 21 Beware of him, and heare his voyce, and prouoke him not: for he will not spare your misdeedes, because my name is in him.
• Deut 10:8 : 8 The same time ye Lord separated the tribe of Leui to beare the Arke of the couenant of the Lord, and to stand before ye Lord, to minister vnto him, and to blesse in his Name vnto this day.
• Deut 18:15 : 15 The Lorde thy God will raise vp vnto thee a Prophet like vnto me, from among you, euen of thy brethren: vnto him ye shall hearken,
• 1 Sam 6:20 : 20 Wherefore the men of Beth-shemesh said, Who is able to stand before this holy Lord God? and to whom shall he go from vs?
• 1 Chr 21:1 : 1 And Satan stoode vp against Israel, and prouoked Dauid to nomber Israel.
• 2 Chr 29:11 : 11 Now my sonnes, be not deceiued: for the Lorde hath chosen you to stand before him, to serue him, and to be his ministers, and to burne incense.
• Hag 1:12 : 12 When Zerubbabel the sonne of Shealtiel, and Iehoshua the sonne of Iehozadak the hie Priest with all the remnant of the people, heard the voyce of the Lord their God, & the wordes of the Prophet Haggai (as the Lorde their God had sent him) then the people did feare before the Lorde.
• Hag 2:4 : 4 (2:5) Yet nowe be of good courage, O Zerubbabel, sayth the Lord, and be of good comfort, O Iehoshua, sonne of Iehozadak the hie Priest: and be strong, all ye people of the land, sayth the Lorde, and doe it: for I am with you, sayth the Lord of hostes,
• Zech 1:9 : 9 Then sayd I, O my Lorde, what are these? And the Angel that talked with me, sayde vnto me, I wil shew thee what these be.
• Zech 1:13 : 13 And the Lorde answered the Angel that talked with me, with good wordes and comfortable wordes.
• Zech 1:19 : 19 And I said vnto the Angel that talked with me, What be these? And hee answered me, These are the hornes which haue scattered Iudah, Israel, and Ierusalem.
• Zech 2:3 : 3 And beholde, the Angel that talked with me, went foorth: and another Angel went out to meete him,
• Zech 3:8 : 8 Heare now, O Iehoshua the hie Priest, thou and thy felowes that sit before thee: for they are monstruous persons: but behold, I wil bring forth the Branche my seruant.
• Mal 3:1 : 1 Behold, I will send my messenger, and he shall prepare the way before me: and the Lorde whom ye seeke, shall speedely come to his Temple: euen the messenger of the couenant whom ye desire: beholde, he shall come, sayth the Lord of hostes.
• Luke 21:36 : 36 Watche therefore, and pray continually, that ye may be counted worthy to escape all these thinges that shall come to passe, and that ye may stand before the Sonne of man.
• Luke 22:31 : 31 And the Lorde saide, Simon, Simon, beholde, Satan hath desired you, to winowe you as wheate.
• Acts 7:30-38 : 30 And when fourtie yeres were expired, there appeared to him in the wildernes of mout Sina, an Angel of the Lord in a flame of fire, in a bush. 31 And when Moses sawe it, hee wondred at the sight: and as he drew neere to consider it, the voyce of the Lord came vnto him, saying, 32 I am the God of thy fathers, the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Iacob. Then Moses trembled, & durst not behold it. 33 Then the Lord said to him, Put off thy shoes from thy feete: for the place where thou standest, is holy ground. 34 I haue seene, I haue seene the affliction of my people, which is in Egypt, & I haue heard their groning, and am come downe to deliuer them: and nowe come, and I will sende thee into Egypt. 35 This Moses whome they forsooke, saying, Who made thee a prince and a iudge? The same God sent for a prince, & a deliuerer by the hand of the Angel, which appeared to him in the bush. 36 Hee brought them out, doing wonders, and miracles in the land of Egypt, and in the red sea, and in the wildernes fourtie yeeres. 37 This is that Moses, which saide vnto the children of Israel, A Prophet shall the Lorde your God raise vp vnto you, euen of your brethren, like vnto me: him shall ye heare. 38 This is he that was in the Congregation, in the wildernes with the Angell, which spake to him in mount Sina, and with our fathers, who receiued the liuely oracles to giue vnto vs.
• 1 Pet 5:8 : 8 Be sober, and watch: for your aduersarie the deuil as a roaring lyon walketh about, seeking whom he may deuoure:
• Rev 12:9-9 : 9 And the great dragon, that olde serpent, called the deuil and Satan, was cast out, which deceiueth all the world: he was euen cast into the earth, and his angels were cast out with him. 10 Then I heard a loude voyce in heauen, saying, Now is saluation, and strength, and the kingdome of our God, and the power of his Christ: for the accuser of our brethren is cast downe, which accused them before our God day and night.