1 Samuel 8:12

King James Version 1611 (Original)

And he will appoint him captains over thousands, and captains over fifties; and will set them to ear his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and instruments of his chariots.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְלָשׂ֣וּם ל֔וֹ שָׂרֵ֥י אֲלָפִ֖ים וְשָׂרֵ֣י חֲמִשִּׁ֑ים וְלַחֲרֹ֤שׁ חֲרִישׁוֹ֙ וְלִקְצֹ֣ר קְצִיר֔וֹ וְלַעֲשׂ֥וֹת כְּלֵֽי־מִלְחַמְתּ֖וֹ וּכְלֵ֥י רִכְבּֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

And wəlāśûm to-him śārê ʾălāp̄îm and wəśārê ḥămiššîm; and wəlaḥărōš ḥărîšô and wəliqṣōr qəṣîrô, and wəlaʿăśôṯ kəlê-milḥamtô and ḵəlê riḵbô.

Grammar Details

• *wəlāśûm*: conjunction + preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - and to appoint
• *śārê*: noun, masculine plural construct - commanders of
• *ʾălāp̄îm*: noun, masculine plural - thousands
• *wəśārê*: conjunction + noun, masculine plural construct - and commanders of
• *ḥămiššîm*: number, masculine plural - fifties
• *wəlaḥărōš*: conjunction + preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - and to plow
• *ḥărîšô*: noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his plowing
• *wəliqṣōr*: conjunction + preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - and to reap
• *qəṣîrô*: noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his harvest
• *wəlaʿăśôṯ*: conjunction + preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - and to make
• *kəlê*: noun, masculine plural construct - instruments of
• *milḥamtô*: noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his war
• *ḵəlê*: noun, masculine plural construct - instruments of
• *riḵbô*: noun, masculine singular construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his chariot

Word Meanings

• *wəlāśûm*: to appoint/to make/to set
• *śārê*: captains/commanders/chiefs
• *ʾălāp̄îm*: thousands/military units
• *ḥămiššîm*: fifties/fifty-man units
• *wəlaḥărōš*: to plow/to till
• *wəliqṣōr*: to reap/to harvest
• *wəlaʿăśôṯ*: to make/to manufacture
• *kəlê-milḥamtô*: his weapons of war/implements of battle
• *ḵəlê riḵbô*: equipment for his chariots

Referenced Verses

• 1 Sam 22:7 : 7 Then Saul said unto his servants that stood about him, Hear now, ye Benjamites; will the son of Jesse give every one of you fields and vineyards, and make you all captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds;
• 1 Kgs 4:7 : 7 And Solomon had twelve officers over all Israel, which provided victuals for the king and his household: each man his month in a year made provision.
• 1 Kgs 4:22-23 : 22 And Solomon's provision for one day was thirty measures of fine flour, and threescore measures of meal, 23 Ten fat oxen, and twenty oxen out of the pastures, and an hundred sheep, beside harts, and roebucks, and fallowdeer, and fatted fowl.
• 1 Kgs 4:27-28 : 27 And those officers provided victual for king Solomon, and for all that came unto king Solomon's table, every man in his month: they lacked nothing. 28 Barley also and straw for the horses and dromedaries brought they unto the place where the officers were, every man according to his charge.
• 1 Chr 27:1-9 : 1 Now the children of Israel after their number, to wit, the chief fathers and captains of thousands and hundreds, and their officers that served the king in any matter of the courses, which came in and went out month by month throughout all the months of the year, of every course were twenty and four thousand. 2 Over the first course for the first month was Jashobeam the son of Zabdiel: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 3 Of the children of Perez was the chief of all the captains of the host for the first month. 4 And over the course of the second month was Dodai an Ahohite, and of his course was Mikloth also the ruler: in his course likewise were twenty and four thousand. 5 The third captain of the host for the third month was Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, a chief priest: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 6 This is that Benaiah, who was mighty among the thirty, and above the thirty: and in his course was Ammizabad his son. 7 The fourth captain for the fourth month was Asahel the brother of Joab, and Zebadiah his son after him: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 8 The fifth captain for the fifth month was Shamhuth the Izrahite: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 9 The sixth captain for the sixth month was Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 10 The seventh captain for the seventh month was Helez the Pelonite, of the children of Ephraim: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 11 The eighth captain for the eighth month was Sibbecai the Hushathite, of the Zarhites: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 12 The ninth captain for the ninth month was Abiezer the Anetothite, of the Benjamites: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 13 The tenth captain for the tenth month was Maharai the Netophathite, of the Zarhites: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 14 The eleventh captain for the eleventh month was Benaiah the Pirathonite, of the children of Ephraim: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 15 The twelfth captain for the twelfth month was Heldai the Netophathite, of Othniel: and in his course were twenty and four thousand. 16 Furthermore over the tribes of Israel: the ruler of the Reubenites was Eliezer the son of Zichri: of the Simeonites, Shephatiah the son of Maachah: 17 Of the Levites, Hashabiah the son of Kemuel: of the Aaronites, Zadok: 18 Of Judah, Elihu, one of the brethren of David: of Issachar, Omri the son of Michael: 19 Of Zebulun, Ishmaiah the son of Obadiah: of Naphtali, Jerimoth the son of Azriel: 20 Of the children of Ephraim, Hoshea the son of Azaziah: of the half tribe of Manasseh, Joel the son of Pedaiah: 21 Of the half tribe of Manasseh in Gilead, Iddo the son of Zechariah: of Benjamin, Jaasiel the son of Abner: 22 Of Dan, Azareel the son of Jeroham. These were the princes of the tribes of Israel.
• 2 Chr 32:28-29 : 28 Storehouses also for the increase of corn, and wine, and oil; and stalls for all manner of beasts, and cotes for flocks. 29 Moreover he provided him cities, and possessions of flocks and herds in abundance: for God had given him substance very much.