Ephesians 4:31

King James Version 1611 (Original)

Let all bitterness, and wrath, and anger, and clamour, and evil speaking, be put away from you, with all malice:

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Πᾶσα πικρία, καὶ θυμὸς, καὶ ὀργὴ, καὶ κραυγὴ, καὶ βλασφημία, ἀρθήτω ἀφʼ ὑμῶν, σὺν πάσῃ κακίᾳ:

Transliteration

All pikria, and thymos, and orgē, and kraugē, and blasphēmia, let be arthētō from you, with all kakia:

Grammar Details

• *pikria*: nominative feminine singular - bitterness
• *thymos*: nominative masculine singular - wrath/rage
• *orgē*: nominative feminine singular - anger
• *kraugē*: nominative feminine singular - clamor/outcry
• *blasphēmia*: nominative feminine singular - slander/evil speaking
• *arthētō*: aorist passive imperative, 3rd singular - let be taken away
• *kakia*: dative feminine singular - with malice/evil

Word Meanings

• *pikria*: bitterness/harshness
• *thymos*: wrath/rage/passionate anger
• *orgē*: anger/indignation
• *kraugē*: clamor/outcry/shouting
• *blasphēmia*: slander/evil speaking/abusive speech
• *arthētō*: be taken away/removed
• *kakia*: malice/evil/wickedness

Referenced Verses

• Col 3:8 : 8 But now ye also put off all these; anger, wrath, malice, blasphemy, filthy communication out of your mouth.
• Eccl 7:9 : 9 Be not hasty in thy spirit to be angry: for anger resteth in the bosom of fools.
• 1 Pet 2:1 : 1 Wherefore laying aside all malice, and all guile, and hypocrisies, and envies, and all evil speakings,
• Eph 4:26 : 26 Be ye angry, and sin not: let not the sun go down upon your wrath:
• Titus 3:2-3 : 2 To speak evil of no man, to be no brawlers, but gentle, shewing all meekness unto all men. 3 For we ourselves also were sometimes foolish, disobedient, deceived, serving divers lusts and pleasures, living in malice and envy, hateful, and hating one another.
• Jas 1:19 : 19 Wherefore, my beloved brethren, let every man be swift to hear, slow to speak, slow to wrath:
• Col 3:19 : 19 Husbands, love your wives, and be not bitter against them.
• Prov 26:20 : 20 Where no wood is, there the fire goeth out: so where there is no talebearer, the strife ceaseth.
• Jas 3:14-4:2 : 14 But if ye have bitter envying and strife in your hearts, glory not, and lie not against the truth. 15 This wisdom descendeth not from above, but is earthly, sensual, devilish. 16 For where envying and strife is, there is confusion and every evil work. 17 But the wisdom that is from above is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, and easy to be intreated, full of mercy and good fruits, without partiality, and without hypocrisy. 18 And the fruit of righteousness is sown in peace of them that make peace. 1 From whence come wars and fightings among you? come they not hence, even of your lusts that war in your members? 2 Ye lust, and have not: ye kill, and desire to have, and cannot obtain: ye fight and war, yet ye have not, because ye ask not.
• Jas 4:11 : 11 Speak not evil one of another, brethren. He that speaketh evil of his brother, and judgeth his brother, speaketh evil of the law, and judgeth the law: but if thou judge the law, thou art not a doer of the law, but a judge.
• 1 Cor 14:20 : 20 Brethren, be not children in understanding: howbeit in malice be ye children, but in understanding be men.
• 2 Cor 12:20 : 20 For I fear, lest, when I come, I shall not find you such as I would, and that I shall be found unto you such as ye would not: lest there be debates, envyings, wraths, strifes, backbitings, whisperings, swellings, tumults:
• Gal 5:20 : 20 Idolatry, witchcraft, hatred, variance, emulations, wrath, strife, seditions, heresies,
• 1 Tim 6:4-5 : 4 He is proud, knowing nothing, but doting about questions and strifes of words, whereof cometh envy, strife, railings, evil surmisings, 5 Perverse disputings of men of corrupt minds, and destitute of the truth, supposing that gain is godliness: from such withdraw thyself.
• Prov 26:24-25 : 24 He that hateth dissembleth with his lips, and layeth up deceit within him; 25 When he speaketh fair, believe him not: for there are seven abominations in his heart.
• Prov 29:9 : 9 If a wise man contendeth with a foolish man, whether he rage or laugh, there is no rest.
• Prov 29:22 : 22 An angry man stirreth up strife, and a furious man aboundeth in transgression.
• 1 Tim 3:3 : 3 Not given to wine, no striker, not greedy of filthy lucre; but patient, not a brawler, not covetous;
• 1 Tim 3:11 : 11 Even so must their wives be grave, not slanderers, sober, faithful in all things.
• Jer 6:28 : 28 They are all grievous revolters, walking with slanders: they are brass and iron; they are all corrupters.
• Jer 9:4 : 4 Take ye heed every one of his neighbour, and trust ye not in any brother: for every brother will utterly supplant, and every neighbour will walk with slanders.
• Acts 19:28-29 : 28 And when they heard these sayings, they were full of wrath, and cried out, saying, Great is Diana of the Ephesians. 29 And the whole city was filled with confusion: and having caught Gaius and Aristarchus, men of Macedonia, Paul's companions in travel, they rushed with one accord into the theatre.
• Acts 21:30 : 30 And all the city was moved, and the people ran together: and they took Paul, and drew him out of the temple: and forthwith the doors were shut.
• Acts 22:22-23 : 22 And they gave him audience unto this word, and then lifted up their voices, and said, Away with such a fellow from the earth: for it is not fit that he should live. 23 And as they cried out, and cast off their clothes, and threw dust into the air,
• Rom 1:29-30 : 29 Being filled with all unrighteousness, fornication, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, debate, deceit, malignity; whisperers, 30 Backbiters, haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents,
• Rom 3:14 : 14 Whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness:
• 1 Cor 5:8 : 8 Therefore let us keep the feast, not with old leaven, neither with the leaven of malice and wickedness; but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.
• Gen 4:8 : 8 And Cain talked with Abel his brother: and it came to pass, when they were in the field, that Cain rose up against Abel his brother, and slew him.
• Gen 27:41 : 41 And Esau hated Jacob because of the blessing wherewith his father blessed him: and Esau said in his heart, The days of mourning for my father are at hand; then will I slay my brother Jacob.
• Gen 37:4 : 4 And when his brethren saw that their father loved him more than all his brethren, they hated him, and could not speak peaceably unto him.
• Gen 37:21 : 21 And Reuben heard it, and he delivered him out of their hands; and said, Let us not kill him.
• Lev 19:16-18 : 16 Thou shalt not go up and down as a talebearer among thy people: neither shalt thou stand against the blood of thy neighbour: I am the LORD. 17 Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thine heart: thou shalt in any wise rebuke thy neighbour, and not suffer sin upon him. 18 Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself: I am the LORD.
• 2 Sam 13:22 : 22 And Absalom spake unto his brother Amnon neither good nor bad: for Absalom hated Amnon, because he had forced his sister Tamar.
• 2 Sam 19:27 : 27 And he hath slandered thy servant unto my lord the king; but my lord the king is as an angel of God: do therefore what is good in thine eyes.
• 2 Sam 19:43-20:2 : 43 And the men of Israel answered the men of Judah, and said, We have ten parts in the king, and we have also more right in David than ye: why then did ye despise us, that our advice should not be first had in bringing back our king? And the words of the men of Judah were fiercer than the words of the men of Israel. 1 And there happened to be there a man of Belial, whose name was Sheba, the son of Bichri, a Benjamite: and he blew a trumpet, and said, We have no part in David, neither have we inheritance in the son of Jesse: every man to his tents, O Israel. 2 So every man of Israel went up from after David, and followed Sheba the son of Bichri: but the men of Judah clave unto their king, from Jordan even to Jerusalem.
• Ps 15:3 : 3 He that backbiteth not with his tongue, nor doeth evil to his neighbour, nor taketh up a reproach against his neighbour.
• Ps 50:20 : 20 Thou sittest and speakest against thy brother; thou slanderest thine own mother's son.
• Ps 64:3 : 3 Who whet their tongue like a sword, and bend their bows to shoot their arrows, even bitter words:
• Ps 101:5 : 5 Whoso privily slandereth his neighbour, him will I cut off: him that hath an high look and a proud heart will not I suffer.
• Ps 140:11 : 11 Let not an evil speaker be established in the earth: evil shall hunt the violent man to overthrow him.
• Prov 6:19 : 19 A false witness that speaketh lies, and he that soweth discord among brethren.
• Prov 10:12 : 12 Hatred stirreth up strifes: but love covereth all sins.
• Prov 10:18 : 18 He that hideth hatred with lying lips, and he that uttereth a slander, is a fool.
• Prov 14:17 : 17 He that is soon angry dealeth foolishly: and a man of wicked devices is hated.
• Prov 18:8 : 8 The words of a talebearer are as wounds, and they go down into the innermost parts of the belly.
• Prov 19:12 : 12 The king's wrath is as the roaring of a lion; but his favour is as dew upon the grass.
• Prov 25:23 : 23 The north wind driveth away rain: so doth an angry countenance a backbiting tongue.
• 1 Tim 5:13 : 13 And withal they learn to be idle, wandering about from house to house; and not only idle, but tattlers also and busybodies, speaking things which they ought not.
• 2 Tim 2:23 : 23 But foolish and unlearned questions avoid, knowing that they do gender strifes.
• 2 Tim 3:3 : 3 Without natural affection, trucebreakers, false accusers, incontinent, fierce, despisers of those that are good,
• Titus 1:7 : 7 For a bishop must be blameless, as the steward of God; not selfwilled, not soon angry, not given to wine, no striker, not given to filthy lucre;
• Titus 2:3 : 3 The aged women likewise, that they be in behaviour as becometh holiness, not false accusers, not given to much wine, teachers of good things;
• 2 Pet 2:10-11 : 10 But chiefly them that walk after the flesh in the lust of uncleanness, and despise government. Presumptuous are they, selfwilled, they are not afraid to speak evil of dignities. 11 Whereas angels, which are greater in power and might, bring not railing accusation against them before the Lord.
• 1 John 3:12 : 12 Not as Cain, who was of that wicked one, and slew his brother. And wherefore slew he him? Because his own works were evil, and his brother's righteous.
• 1 John 3:15 : 15 Whosoever hateth his brother is a murderer: and ye know that no murderer hath eternal life abiding in him.
• Jude 1:8-9 : 8 Likewise also these filthy dreamers defile the flesh, despise dominion, and speak evil of dignities. 9 Yet Michael the archangel, when contending with the devil he disputed about the body of Moses, durst not bring against him a railing accusation, but said, The Lord rebuke thee. 10 But these speak evil of those things which they know not: but what they know naturally, as brute beasts, in those things they corrupt themselves.
• Rev 12:10 : 10 And I heard a loud voice saying in heaven, Now is come salvation, and strength, and the kingdom of our God, and the power of his Christ: for the accuser of our brethren is cast down, which accused them before our God day and night.