Leviticus 4:2

King James Version 1611 (Original)

Speak unto the children of Israel, saying, If a soul shall sin through ignorance against any of the commandments of the LORD concerning things which ought not to be done, and shall do against any of them:

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

דַּבֵּ֞ר אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֘ לֵאמֹר֒ נֶ֗פֶשׁ כִּֽי־תֶחֱטָ֤א בִשְׁגָגָה֙ מִכֹּל֙ מִצְוֺ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר לֹ֣א תֵעָשֶׂ֑ינָה וְעָשָׂ֕ה מֵאַחַ֖ת מֵהֵֽנָּה׃

Transliteration

dabbēr ʾel-bənê yiśrāʾēl lēʾmōr nepeš kî-teḥĕṭāʾ bišgāgāh mikkōl miṣwōt YHWH ʾăšer lōʾ tēʿāśenāh wə-ʿāśāh mēʾaḥat mēhēnnāh

Grammar Details

• *dabbēr*: imperative, masculine singular - speak!
• *ʾel-bənê*: preposition + plural construct - to sons/children of
• *yiśrāʾēl*: proper noun - Israel
• *lēʾmōr*: preposition + infinitive construct - saying
• *nepeš*: noun, feminine singular - soul/person
• *kî-teḥĕṭāʾ*: conjunction + imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - when/if it sins
• *bišgāgāh*: preposition + noun - unintentionally/in error
• *mikkōl*: preposition + noun - from any of
• *miṣwōt*: noun, feminine plural construct - commandments of
• *YHWH*: proper noun - Yahweh/LORD
• *ʾăšer lōʾ tēʿāśenāh*: relative pronoun + negative + imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - which should not be done
• *wə-ʿāśāh*: conjunction + perfect, 3rd masculine singular - and does
• *mēʾaḥat*: preposition + numeral feminine - from one of
• *mēhēnnāh*: preposition + 3rd feminine plural pronoun - from them

Word Meanings

• *nepeš*: soul/person/being/life
• *bišgāgāh*: unintentionally/in error/by mistake
• *miṣwōt*: commandments/precepts
• *ʿāśāh*: do/perform/make/act

Referenced Verses

• Lev 4:27 : 27 And if any one of the common people sin through ignorance, while he doeth somewhat against any of the commandments of the LORD concerning things which ought not to be done, and be guilty;
• Ps 19:12 : 12 Who can understand his errors? cleanse thou me from secret faults.
• Num 15:22-29 : 22 And if ye have erred, and not observed all these commandments, which the LORD hath spoken unto Moses, 23 Even all that the LORD hath commanded you by the hand of Moses, from the day that the LORD commanded Moses, and henceforward among your generations; 24 Then it shall be, if ought be committed by ignorance without the knowledge of the congregation, that all the congregation shall offer one young bullock for a burnt offering, for a sweet savour unto the LORD, with his meat offering, and his drink offering, according to the manner, and one kid of the goats for a sin offering. 25 And the priest shall make an atonement for all the congregation of the children of Israel, and it shall be forgiven them; for it is ignorance: and they shall bring their offering, a sacrifice made by fire unto the LORD, and their sin offering before the LORD, for their ignorance: 26 And it shall be forgiven all the congregation of the children of Israel, and the stranger that sojourneth among them; seeing all the people were in ignorance. 27 And if any soul sin through ignorance, then he shall bring a she goat of the first year for a sin offering. 28 And the priest shall make an atonement for the soul that sinneth ignorantly, when he sinneth by ignorance before the LORD, to make an atonement for him; and it shall be forgiven him. 29 Ye shall have one law for him that sinneth through ignorance, both for him that is born among the children of Israel, and for the stranger that sojourneth among them.
• Heb 9:7 : 7 But into the second went the high priest alone once every year, not without blood, which he offered for himself, and for the errors of the people:
• Jas 3:10 : 10 Out of the same mouth proceedeth blessing and cursing. My brethren, these things ought not so to be.
• Deut 19:4 : 4 And this is the case of the slayer, which shall flee thither, that he may live: Whoso killeth his neighbour ignorantly, whom he hated not in time past;
• 1 Sam 14:27 : 27 But Jonathan heard not when his father charged the people with the oath: wherefore he put forth the end of the rod that was in his hand, and dipped it in an honeycomb, and put his hand to his mouth; and his eyes were enlightened.
• 1 Tim 1:13 : 13 Who was before a blasphemer, and a persecutor, and injurious: but I obtained mercy, because I did it ignorantly in unbelief.
• Heb 5:2 : 2 Who can have compassion on the ignorant, and on them that are out of the way; for that he himself also is compassed with infirmity.
• Lev 5:15-18 : 15 If a soul commit a trespass, and sin through ignorance, in the holy things of the LORD; then he shall bring for his trespass unto the LORD a ram without blemish out of the flocks, with thy estimation by shekels of silver, after the shekel of the sanctuary, for a trespass offering: 16 And he shall make amends for the harm that he hath done in the holy thing, and shall add the fifth part thereto, and give it unto the priest: and the priest shall make an atonement for him with the ram of the trespass offering, and it shall be forgiven him. 17 And if a soul sin, and commit any of these things which are forbidden to be done by the commandments of the LORD; though he wist it not, yet is he guilty, and shall bear his iniquity. 18 And he shall bring a ram without blemish out of the flock, with thy estimation, for a trespass offering, unto the priest: and the priest shall make an atonement for him concerning his ignorance wherein he erred and wist it not, and it shall be forgiven him.
• Gen 20:9 : 9 Then Abimelech called Abraham, and said unto him, What hast thou done unto us? and what have I offended thee, that thou hast brought on me and on my kingdom a great sin? thou hast done deeds unto me that ought not to be done.
• Lev 4:13 : 13 And if the whole congregation of Israel sin through ignorance, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done somewhat against any of the commandments of the LORD concerning things which should not be done, and are guilty;
• Lev 4:22 : 22 When a ruler hath sinned, and done somewhat through ignorance against any of the commandments of the LORD his God concerning things which should not be done, and is guilty;