1 Corinthians 3:12

Authorized King James Version (1611)

Now if any man build upon this foundation gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, stubble;

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Εἰ δέ τις ἐποικοδομεῖ ἐπὶ τὸν θεμέλιον τοῦτον χρυσόν, ἄργυρον, λίθους τιμίους, ξύλα, χόρτον, καλάμην·

Transliteration

If de tis epoikodomei epi ton themelion touton chryson, argyron, lithous timious, xyla, chorton, kalamēn;

Grammar Details

• *de*: conjunction - but/and
• *tis*: indefinite pronoun, masculine, nominative, singular - anyone
• *epoikodomei*: present active indicative, 3rd person singular - builds upon
• *epi*: preposition - upon/on
• *ton themelion touton*: noun, masculine, accusative, singular + demonstrative pronoun - this foundation
• *chryson*: noun, masculine, accusative, singular - gold
• *argyron*: noun, masculine, accusative, singular - silver
• *lithous timious*: noun, masculine, accusative, plural + adjective - precious stones
• *xyla*: noun, neuter, accusative, plural - wood/timber
• *chorton*: noun, masculine, accusative, singular - hay/grass
• *kalamēn*: noun, feminine, accusative, singular - straw/stubble

Word Meanings

• *epoikodomei*: builds upon/erects on
• *lithous timious*: precious stones/gems
• *xyla*: wood/timber/logs
• *chorton*: hay/grass/fodder
• *kalamēn*: straw/stubble/reed

Referenced Verses

• Ps 19:10 : 10 More to be desired [are they] than gold, yea, than much fine gold: sweeter also than honey and the honeycomb.
• Ps 119:72 : 72 ¶ The law of thy mouth [is] better unto me than thousands of gold and silver.
• Prov 8:10 : 10 Receive my instruction, and not silver; and knowledge rather than choice gold.
• Prov 16:16 : 16 ¶ How much better [is it] to get wisdom than gold! and to get understanding rather to be chosen than silver!
• Prov 30:6 : 6 Add thou not unto his words, lest he reprove thee, and thou be found a liar.
• Isa 54:11-13 : 11 ¶ O thou afflicted, tossed with tempest, [and] not comforted, behold, I will lay thy stones with fair colours, and lay thy foundations with sapphires. 12 And I will make thy windows of agates, and thy gates of carbuncles, and all thy borders of pleasant stones. 13 And all thy children [shall be] taught of the LORD; and great [shall be] the peace of thy children.
• Isa 60:17 : 17 For brass I will bring gold, and for iron I will bring silver, and for wood brass, and for stones iron: I will also make thy officers peace, and thine exactors righteousness.
• Jer 23:28 : 28 The prophet that hath a dream, let him tell a dream; and he that hath my word, let him speak my word faithfully. What [is] the chaff to the wheat? saith the LORD.
• Matt 15:6-9 : 6 ‹And honour not his father or his mother,› [he shall be free]. ‹Thus have ye made the commandment of God of none effect by your tradition.› 7 [Ye] ‹hypocrites, well did Esaias prophesy of you, saying,› 8 ‹This people draweth nigh unto me with their mouth, and honoureth me with› [their] ‹lips; but their heart is far from me.› 9 ‹But in vain they do worship me, teaching› [for] ‹doctrines the commandments of men.›
• Acts 20:30 : 30 Also of your own selves shall men arise, speaking perverse things, to draw away disciples after them.
• Rom 16:17 : 17 ¶ Now I beseech you, brethren, mark them which cause divisions and offences contrary to the doctrine which ye have learned; and avoid them.
• 2 Cor 2:17 : 17 For we are not as many, which corrupt the word of God: but as of sincerity, but as of God, in the sight of God speak we in Christ.
• 2 Cor 4:2 : 2 But have renounced the hidden things of dishonesty, not walking in craftiness, nor handling the word of God deceitfully; but by manifestation of the truth commending ourselves to every man's conscience in the sight of God.
• Col 2:8 : 8 Beware lest any man spoil you through philosophy and vain deceit, after the tradition of men, after the rudiments of the world, and not after Christ.
• Col 2:18-23 : 18 Let no man beguile you of your reward in a voluntary humility and worshipping of angels, intruding into those things which he hath not seen, vainly puffed up by his fleshly mind, 19 And not holding the Head, from which all the body by joints and bands having nourishment ministered, and knit together, increaseth with the increase of God. 20 Wherefore if ye be dead with Christ from the rudiments of the world, why, as though living in the world, are ye subject to ordinances, 21 (Touch not; taste not; handle not; 22 Which all are to perish with the using;) after the commandments and doctrines of men? 23 Which things have indeed a shew of wisdom in will worship, and humility, and neglecting of the body; not in any honour to the satisfying of the flesh.
• 1 Tim 4:1-3 : 1 ¶ Now the Spirit speaketh expressly, that in the latter times some shall depart from the faith, giving heed to seducing spirits, and doctrines of devils; 2 Speaking lies in hypocrisy; having their conscience seared with a hot iron; 3 Forbidding to marry, [and commanding] to abstain from meats, which God hath created to be received with thanksgiving of them which believe and know the truth.
• 1 Tim 4:6-7 : 6 ¶ If thou put the brethren in remembrance of these things, thou shalt be a good minister of Jesus Christ, nourished up in the words of faith and of good doctrine, whereunto thou hast attained. 7 But refuse profane and old wives' fables, and exercise thyself [rather] unto godliness.
• 1 Tim 6:3 : 3 If any man teach otherwise, and consent not to wholesome words, [even] the words of our Lord Jesus Christ, and to the doctrine which is according to godliness;
• 2 Tim 2:16-18 : 16 But shun profane [and] vain babblings: for they will increase unto more ungodliness. 17 And their word will eat as doth a canker: of whom is Hymenaeus and Philetus; 18 Who concerning the truth have erred, saying that the resurrection is past already; and overthrow the faith of some.
• 2 Tim 2:20 : 20 But in a great house there are not only vessels of gold and of silver, but also of wood and of earth; and some to honour, and some to dishonour.
• 2 Tim 3:7 : 7 Ever learning, and never able to come to the knowledge of the truth.
• 2 Tim 3:13 : 13 But evil men and seducers shall wax worse and worse, deceiving, and being deceived.
• 2 Tim 4:3 : 3 For the time will come when they will not endure sound doctrine; but after their own lusts shall they heap to themselves teachers, having itching ears;
• Titus 1:9-9 : 9 Holding fast the faithful word as he hath been taught, that he may be able by sound doctrine both to exhort and to convince the gainsayers. 10 For there are many unruly and vain talkers and deceivers, specially they of the circumcision: 11 Whose mouths must be stopped, who subvert whole houses, teaching things which they ought not, for filthy lucre's sake.
• Titus 3:9-9 : 9 ¶ But avoid foolish questions, and genealogies, and contentions, and strivings about the law; for they are unprofitable and vain. 10 A man that is an heretick after the first and second admonition reject; 11 Knowing that he that is such is subverted, and sinneth, being condemned of himself.
• Heb 13:9 : 9 Be not carried about with divers and strange doctrines. For [it is] a good thing that the heart be established with grace; not with meats, which have not profited them that have been occupied therein.
• 1 Pet 1:7 : 7 That the trial of your faith, being much more precious than of gold that perisheth, though it be tried with fire, might be found unto praise and honour and glory at the appearing of Jesus Christ:
• Rev 2:14 : 14 ‹But I have a few things against thee, because thou hast there them that hold the doctrine of Balaam, who taught Balac to cast a stumblingblock before the children of Israel, to eat things sacrificed unto idols, and to commit fornication.›
• Rev 3:18 : 18 ‹I counsel thee to buy of me gold tried in the fire, that thou mayest be rich; and white raiment, that thou mayest be clothed, and› [that] ‹the shame of thy nakedness do not appear; and anoint thine eyes with eyesalve, that thou mayest see.›
• Rev 21:18 : 18 And the building of the wall of it was [of] jasper: and the city [was] pure gold, like unto clear glass.