Isaiah 5:15

Authorized King James Version (1611)

And the mean man shall be brought down, and the mighty man shall be humbled, and the eyes of the lofty shall be humbled:

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיִּשַּׁ֥ח אָדָ֖ם וַיִּשְׁפַּל־אִ֑ישׁ וְעֵינֵ֥י גְבֹהִ֖ים תִּשְׁפַּֽלְנָה׃

Transliteration

And wayyiššaḥ ʾādām and wayyišpal-ʾîš, and the wəʿênê of the gəbōhîm tišpalnâ.

Grammar Details

• *wayyiššaḥ*: niphal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav consecutive - and is bowed down
• *ʾādām*: masculine singular noun - man/mankind
• *wayyišpal*: qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular with vav consecutive - and is brought low
• *ʾîš*: masculine singular noun - man/each one
• *wə*: conjunction - and
• *ʿênê*: feminine dual construct - eyes of
• *gəbōhîm*: masculine plural adjective - lofty/proud
• *tišpalnâ*: qal imperfect 3rd person feminine plural - are humbled

Word Meanings

• *ʾādām*: man/mankind/humanity
• *ʾîš*: man/person/each one
• *gəbōhîm*: lofty/proud/exalted ones

Referenced Verses

• Isa 2:9 : 9 And the mean man boweth down, and the great man humbleth himself: therefore forgive them not.
• Isa 2:11 : 11 The lofty looks of man shall be humbled, and the haughtiness of men shall be bowed down, and the LORD alone shall be exalted in that day.
• Isa 2:17 : 17 And the loftiness of man shall be bowed down, and the haughtiness of men shall be made low: and the LORD alone shall be exalted in that day.
• Isa 9:14-17 : 14 Therefore the LORD will cut off from Israel head and tail, branch and rush, in one day. 15 The ancient and honourable, he [is] the head; and the prophet that teacheth lies, he [is] the tail. 16 For the leaders of this people cause [them] to err; and [they that are] led of them [are] destroyed. 17 Therefore the Lord shall have no joy in their young men, neither shall have mercy on their fatherless and widows: for every one [is] an hypocrite and an evildoer, and every mouth speaketh folly. For all this his anger is not turned away, but his hand [is] stretched out still.
• Isa 10:12 : 12 Wherefore it shall come to pass, [that] when the Lord hath performed his whole work upon mount Zion and on Jerusalem, I will punish the fruit of the stout heart of the king of Assyria, and the glory of his high looks.
• Isa 10:33 : 33 Behold, the Lord, the LORD of hosts, shall lop the bough with terror: and the high ones of stature [shall be] hewn down, and the haughty shall be humbled.
• Isa 13:11 : 11 And I will punish the world for [their] evil, and the wicked for their iniquity; and I will cause the arrogancy of the proud to cease, and will lay low the haughtiness of the terrible.
• Isa 24:2-4 : 2 And it shall be, as with the people, so with the priest; as with the servant, so with his master; as with the maid, so with her mistress; as with the buyer, so with the seller; as with the lender, so with the borrower; as with the taker of usury, so with the giver of usury to him. 3 The land shall be utterly emptied, and utterly spoiled: for the LORD hath spoken this word. 4 The earth mourneth [and] fadeth away, the world languisheth [and] fadeth away, the haughty people of the earth do languish.
• Isa 37:23 : 23 Whom hast thou reproached and blasphemed? and against whom hast thou exalted [thy] voice, and lifted up thine eyes on high? [even] against the Holy One of Israel.
• Isa 37:29 : 29 Because thy rage against me, and thy tumult, is come up into mine ears, therefore will I put my hook in thy nose, and my bridle in thy lips, and I will turn thee back by the way by which thou camest.
• Jer 5:4-5 : 4 Therefore I said, Surely these [are] poor; they are foolish: for they know not the way of the LORD, [nor] the judgment of their God. 5 I will get me unto the great men, and will speak unto them; for they have known the way of the LORD, [and] the judgment of their God: but these have altogether broken the yoke, [and] burst the bonds.
• Jer 5:9 : 9 Shall I not visit for these [things]? saith the LORD: and shall not my soul be avenged on such a nation as this?
• Dan 4:37 : 37 Now I Nebuchadnezzar praise and extol and honour the King of heaven, all whose works [are] truth, and his ways judgment: and those that walk in pride he is able to abase.
• Jas 1:9-9 : 9 Let the brother of low degree rejoice in that he is exalted: 10 But the rich, in that he is made low: because as the flower of the grass he shall pass away. 11 For the sun is no sooner risen with a burning heat, but it withereth the grass, and the flower thereof falleth, and the grace of the fashion of it perisheth: so also shall the rich man fade away in his ways.
• 1 Pet 5:5 : 5 ¶ Likewise, ye younger, submit yourselves unto the elder. Yea, all [of you] be subject one to another, and be clothed with humility: for God resisteth the proud, and giveth grace to the humble.
• Rev 6:15-16 : 15 And the kings of the earth, and the great men, and the rich men, and the chief captains, and the mighty men, and every bondman, and every free man, hid themselves in the dens and in the rocks of the mountains; 16 And said to the mountains and rocks, Fall on us, and hide us from the face of him that sitteth on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb:
• Exod 9:17 : 17 As yet exaltest thou thyself against my people, that thou wilt not let them go?
• Job 40:11-12 : 11 Cast abroad the rage of thy wrath: and behold every one [that is] proud, and abase him. 12 Look on every one [that is] proud, [and] bring him low; and tread down the wicked in their place.
• Ps 62:9 : 9 Surely men of low degree [are] vanity, [and] men of high degree [are] a lie: to be laid in the balance, they [are] altogether [lighter] than vanity.