Jeremiah 13:16

Authorized King James Version (1611)

Give glory to the LORD your God, before he cause darkness, and before your feet stumble upon the dark mountains, and, while ye look for light, he turn it into the shadow of death, [and] make [it] gross darkness.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

תְּנוּ֩ לַיהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֤ם כָּבוֹד֙ בְּטֶ֣רֶם יַחְשִׁ֔ךְ וּבְטֶ֛רֶם יִֽתְנַגְּפ֥וּ רַגְלֵיכֶ֖ם עַל־הָ֣רֵי נָ֑שֶׁף וְקִוִּיתֶ֤ם לְאוֹר֙ וְשָׂמָ֣הּ לְצַלְמָ֔וֶת *ישית **וְשִׁ֖ית לַעֲרָפֶֽל׃

Transliteration

Tenû to YHWH ʾĕlōhêkem kābôd before yachshîk and before yitnagepû ragalêkem upon hārê nāshep, and qiwwîtem leʾôr and śāmāh leṣalmāwet and shît laʿărāpel.

Grammar Details

• *tenû*: imperative, masculine plural - give
• *laYHWH*: preposition with proper noun - to the LORD
• *ʾĕlōhêkem*: noun, masculine plural with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your God
• *kābôd*: noun, masculine singular - glory/honor
• *beṭerem*: preposition with adverb - before
• *yachshîk*: hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - it grows dark
• *ûbeṭerem*: conjunction with preposition with adverb - and before
• *yitnagepû*: hithpael imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they stumble
• *ragalêkem*: noun, feminine dual with 2nd masculine plural suffix - your feet
• *ʿal*: preposition - upon/on
• *hārê*: noun, masculine plural construct - mountains of
• *nāshep*: noun, masculine singular - twilight/darkness
• *weqiwwîtem*: conjunction with piel perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you wait/hope
• *leʾôr*: preposition with noun, masculine singular - for light
• *weśāmāh*: conjunction with perfect, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd feminine singular suffix - and he will make it
• *leṣalmāwet*: preposition with noun, masculine singular - deep darkness/shadow of death
• *weshît*: conjunction with infinitive construct alternative form - and set/place
• *laʿărāpel*: preposition with noun, masculine singular - for thick darkness/gloom

Word Meanings

• *nāshep*: twilight/darkness/dusk
• *ṣalmāwet*: deep darkness/shadow of death
• *shît*: set/place/put
• *ʿărāpel*: thick clouds/deep darkness

Referenced Verses

• Isa 8:22 : 22 And they shall look unto the earth; and behold trouble and darkness, dimness of anguish; and [they shall be] driven to darkness.
• Isa 59:9 : 9 ¶ Therefore is judgment far from us, neither doth justice overtake us: we wait for light, but behold obscurity; for brightness, [but] we walk in darkness.
• Josh 7:19 : 19 And Joshua said unto Achan, My son, give, I pray thee, glory to the LORD God of Israel, and make confession unto him; and tell me now what thou hast done; hide [it] not from me.
• Prov 4:19 : 19 The way of the wicked [is] as darkness: they know not at what they stumble.
• Isa 5:30 : 30 And in that day they shall roar against them like the roaring of the sea: and if [one] look unto the land, behold darkness [and] sorrow, and the light is darkened in the heavens thereof.
• Isa 60:2 : 2 For, behold, the darkness shall cover the earth, and gross darkness the people: but the LORD shall arise upon thee, and his glory shall be seen upon thee.
• Jer 23:12 : 12 Wherefore their way shall be unto them as slippery [ways] in the darkness: they shall be driven on, and fall therein: for I will bring evil upon them, [even] the year of their visitation, saith the LORD.
• Ps 44:19 : 19 Though thou hast sore broken us in the place of dragons, and covered us with the shadow of death.
• Ps 96:7-8 : 7 Give unto the LORD, O ye kindreds of the people, give unto the LORD glory and strength. 8 Give unto the LORD the glory [due unto] his name: bring an offering, and come into his courts.
• 1 Sam 6:5 : 5 Wherefore ye shall make images of your emerods, and images of your mice that mar the land; and ye shall give glory unto the God of Israel: peradventure he will lighten his hand from off you, and from off your gods, and from off your land.
• Exod 10:21 : 21 ¶ And the LORD said unto Moses, Stretch out thine hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness [which] may be felt.
• Eccl 11:8 : 8 But if a man live many years, [and] rejoice in them all; yet let him remember the days of darkness; for they shall be many. All that cometh [is] vanity.
• Eccl 12:1-2 : 1 ¶ Remember now thy Creator in the days of thy youth, while the evil days come not, nor the years draw nigh, when thou shalt say, I have no pleasure in them; 2 While the sun, or the light, or the moon, or the stars, be not darkened, nor the clouds return after the rain:
• Lam 4:17 : 17 As for us, our eyes as yet failed for our vain help: in our watching we have watched for a nation [that] could not save [us].
• Amos 8:9-9 : 9 And it shall come to pass in that day, saith the Lord GOD, that I will cause the sun to go down at noon, and I will darken the earth in the clear day: 10 And I will turn your feasts into mourning, and all your songs into lamentation; and I will bring up sackcloth upon all loins, and baldness upon every head; and I will make it as the mourning of an only [son], and the end thereof as a bitter day.
• John 12:35 : 35 Then Jesus said unto them, ‹Yet a little while is the light with you. Walk while ye have the light, lest darkness come upon you: for he that walketh in darkness knoweth not whither he goeth.›
• 1 Pet 2:8 : 8 And a stone of stumbling, and a rock of offence, [even to them] which stumble at the word, being disobedient: whereunto also they were appointed.
• 1 John 2:10-11 : 10 He that loveth his brother abideth in the light, and there is none occasion of stumbling in him. 11 But he that hateth his brother is in darkness, and walketh in darkness, and knoweth not whither he goeth, because that darkness hath blinded his eyes.
• Jer 4:23 : 23 I beheld the earth, and, lo, [it was] without form, and void; and the heavens, and they [had] no light.
• Jer 8:15 : 15 We looked for peace, but no good [came; and] for a time of health, and behold trouble!
• Jer 14:19 : 19 Hast thou utterly rejected Judah? hath thy soul lothed Zion? why hast thou smitten us, and [there is] no healing for us? we looked for peace, and [there is] no good; and for the time of healing, and behold trouble!