Leviticus 23:40

Authorized King James Version (1611)

And ye shall take you on the first day the boughs of goodly trees, branches of palm trees, and the boughs of thick trees, and willows of the brook; and ye shall rejoice before the LORD your God seven days.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וּלְקַחְתֶּ֨ם לָכֶ֜ם בַּיּ֣וֹם הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן פְּרִ֨י עֵ֤ץ הָדָר֙ כַּפֹּ֣ת תְּמָרִ֔ים וַעֲנַ֥ף עֵץ־עָבֹ֖ת וְעַרְבֵי־נָ֑חַל וּשְׂמַחְתֶּ֗ם לִפְנֵ֛י יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵיכֶ֖ם שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִֽים׃

Transliteration

And-you-shall-leqaḥtem for-yourselves on-the-yôm the-rîʾšôn perî ʿêṣ hādār kappōt temārîm and-ʿanap ʿêṣ-ʿāḇōt and-ʿarḇê-nāḥal, and-you-shall-śemaḥtem before YHWH your-ʾĕlōhîm šiḇʿat yāmîm.

Grammar Details

• *leqaḥtem*: Qal perfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person plural - and you shall take
• *yôm*: noun, masculine singular - day
• *rîʾšôn*: adjective, masculine singular - first
• *perî*: noun, masculine singular construct - fruit of
• *ʿêṣ*: noun, masculine singular construct - tree of
• *hādār*: adjective, masculine singular - splendid/beautiful/majestic
• *kappōt*: noun, feminine plural construct - branches/fronds of
• *temārîm*: noun, masculine plural - palm trees
• *ʿanap*: noun, masculine singular construct - branch of
• *ʿêṣ-ʿāḇōt*: noun phrase - leafy/thick tree
• *ʿarḇê-nāḥal*: construct phrase - willows of the brook/stream
• *śemaḥtem*: Qal perfect with waw consecutive, 2nd person plural - and you shall rejoice
• *YHWH*: divine name
• *ʾĕlōhîm*: noun, masculine plural with 2nd person plural suffix - your God
• *šiḇʿat*: number, feminine construct - seven of
• *yāmîm*: noun, masculine plural - days

Word Meanings

• *perî ʿêṣ hādār*: fruit of beautiful trees/citron/splendid tree-fruit
• *kappōt temārîm*: palm branches/date palm fronds
• *ʿanap ʿêṣ-ʿāḇōt*: branches of leafy trees/boughs of thick trees/foliage of thick trees
• *ʿarḇê-nāḥal*: willows of the brook/stream/valley
• *śemaḥtem*: rejoice/be glad/celebrate

Referenced Verses

• Deut 16:14-15 : 14 And thou shalt rejoice in thy feast, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy manservant, and thy maidservant, and the Levite, the stranger, and the fatherless, and the widow, that [are] within thy gates. 15 Seven days shalt thou keep a solemn feast unto the LORD thy God in the place which the LORD shall choose: because the LORD thy God shall bless thee in all thine increase, and in all the works of thine hands, therefore thou shalt surely rejoice.
• Neh 8:14-17 : 14 And they found written in the law which the LORD had commanded by Moses, that the children of Israel should dwell in booths in the feast of the seventh month: 15 And that they should publish and proclaim in all their cities, and in Jerusalem, saying, Go forth unto the mount, and fetch olive branches, and pine branches, and myrtle branches, and palm branches, and branches of thick trees, to make booths, as [it is] written. 16 So the people went forth, and brought [them], and made themselves booths, every one upon the roof of his house, and in their courts, and in the courts of the house of God, and in the street of the water gate, and in the street of the gate of Ephraim. 17 And all the congregation of them that were come again out of the captivity made booths, and sat under the booths: for since the days of Jeshua the son of Nun unto that day had not the children of Israel done so. And there was very great gladness.
• Ps 92:12 : 12 The righteous shall flourish like the palm tree: he shall grow like a cedar in Lebanon.
• Isa 35:10 : 10 And the ransomed of the LORD shall return, and come to Zion with songs and everlasting joy upon their heads: they shall obtain joy and gladness, and sorrow and sighing shall flee away.
• Isa 66:10 : 10 Rejoice ye with Jerusalem, and be glad with her, all ye that love her: rejoice for joy with her, all ye that mourn for her:
• Matt 21:8 : 8 And a very great multitude spread their garments in the way; others cut down branches from the trees, and strawed [them] in the way.
• John 12:13 : 13 Took branches of palm trees, and went forth to meet him, and cried, Hosanna: Blessed [is] the King of Israel that cometh in the name of the Lord.
• John 16:22 : 22 ‹And ye now therefore have sorrow: but I will see you again, and your heart shall rejoice, and your joy no man taketh from you.›
• Rom 5:11 : 11 And not only [so], but we also joy in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom we have now received the atonement.
• Phil 3:3 : 3 For we are the circumcision, which worship God in the spirit, and rejoice in Christ Jesus, and have no confidence in the flesh.
• Phil 4:4 : 4 Rejoice in the Lord alway: [and] again I say, Rejoice.
• 1 Pet 1:8 : 8 Whom having not seen, ye love; in whom, though now ye see [him] not, yet believing, ye rejoice with joy unspeakable and full of glory:
• Rev 7:9 : 9 After this I beheld, and, lo, a great multitude, which no man could number, of all nations, and kindreds, and people, and tongues, stood before the throne, and before the Lamb, clothed with white robes, and palms in their hands;