Leviticus 26:31

Authorized King James Version (1611)

And I will make your cities waste, and bring your sanctuaries unto desolation, and I will not smell the savour of your sweet odours.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְנָתַתִּ֤י אֶת־עָֽרֵיכֶם֙ חָרְבָּ֔ה וַהֲשִׁמּוֹתִ֖י אֶת־מִקְדְּשֵׁיכֶ֑ם וְלֹ֣א אָרִ֔יחַ בְּרֵ֖יחַ נִיחֹֽחֲכֶֽם׃

Transliteration

And wə-nāṯattî ʾet-ʿārêḵem ḥorḇâ and wa-hăšimmôṯî ʾet-miqdəšêḵem and wə-lōʾ ʾārîaḥ in bə-rêaḥ nîḥōḥăḵem.

Grammar Details

• *wə-nāṯattî*: conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will make
• *ʾet*: direct object marker
• *ʿārêḵem*: feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your cities
• *ḥorḇâ*: feminine singular noun - waste/desolation
• *wa-hăšimmôṯî*: conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will make desolate
• *miqdəšêḵem*: masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sanctuaries
• *wə-lōʾ*: conjunction + negative particle - and not
• *ʾārîaḥ*: Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will smell
• *bə-rêaḥ*: preposition + masculine singular construct - in odor of
• *nîḥōḥăḵem*: masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your pleasing (offerings)

Word Meanings

• *nāṯattî*: give/make/set
• *ʿārêḵem*: your cities/towns
• *ḥorḇâ*: waste/ruin/desolation
• *hăšimmôṯî*: make desolate/lay waste
• *miqdəšêḵem*: your sanctuaries/holy places
• *ʾārîaḥ*: smell/perceive odor
• *rêaḥ*: odor/scent/smell
• *nîḥōḥăḵem*: your pleasant/sweet/pleasing (offerings)

Referenced Verses

• Neh 2:3 : 3 And said unto the king, Let the king live for ever: why should not my countenance be sad, when the city, the place of my fathers' sepulchres, [lieth] waste, and the gates thereof are consumed with fire?
• 2 Kgs 25:4-9 : 4 And the city was broken up, and all the men of war [fled] by night by the way of the gate between two walls, which [is] by the king's garden: (now the Chaldees [were] against the city round about:) and [the king] went the way toward the plain. 5 And the army of the Chaldees pursued after the king, and overtook him in the plains of Jericho: and all his army were scattered from him. 6 So they took the king, and brought him up to the king of Babylon to Riblah; and they gave judgment upon him. 7 And they slew the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes, and put out the eyes of Zedekiah, and bound him with fetters of brass, and carried him to Babylon. 8 ¶ And in the fifth month, on the seventh [day] of the month, which [is] the nineteenth year of king Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, came Nebuzaradan, captain of the guard, a servant of the king of Babylon, unto Jerusalem: 9 And he burnt the house of the LORD, and the king's house, and all the houses of Jerusalem, and every great [man's] house burnt he with fire. 10 And all the army of the Chaldees, that [were with] the captain of the guard, brake down the walls of Jerusalem round about.
• Isa 1:11-14 : 11 To what purpose [is] the multitude of your sacrifices unto me? saith the LORD: I am full of the burnt offerings of rams, and the fat of fed beasts; and I delight not in the blood of bullocks, or of lambs, or of he goats. 12 When ye come to appear before me, who hath required this at your hand, to tread my courts? 13 Bring no more vain oblations; incense is an abomination unto me; the new moons and sabbaths, the calling of assemblies, I cannot away with; [it is] iniquity, even the solemn meeting. 14 Your new moons and your appointed feasts my soul hateth: they are a trouble unto me; I am weary to bear [them].
• Jer 4:7 : 7 The lion is come up from his thicket, and the destroyer of the Gentiles is on his way; he is gone forth from his place to make thy land desolate; [and] thy cities shall be laid waste, without an inhabitant.
• Ezek 9:6 : 6 Slay utterly old [and] young, both maids, and little children, and women: but come not near any man upon whom [is] the mark; and begin at my sanctuary. Then they began at the ancient men which [were] before the house.
• Amos 5:21-23 : 21 ¶ I hate, I despise your feast days, and I will not smell in your solemn assemblies. 22 Though ye offer me burnt offerings and your meat offerings, I will not accept [them]: neither will I regard the peace offerings of your fat beasts. 23 Take thou away from me the noise of thy songs; for I will not hear the melody of thy viols.
• Lam 1:10 : 10 The adversary hath spread out his hand upon all her pleasant things: for she hath seen [that] the heathen entered into her sanctuary, whom thou didst command [that] they should not enter into thy congregation.
• Lam 2:7 : 7 The Lord hath cast off his altar, he hath abhorred his sanctuary, he hath given up into the hand of the enemy the walls of her palaces; they have made a noise in the house of the LORD, as in the day of a solemn feast.
• Heb 10:26 : 26 For if we sin wilfully after that we have received the knowledge of the truth, there remaineth no more sacrifice for sins,
• Gen 8:21 : 21 And the LORD smelled a sweet savour; and the LORD said in his heart, I will not again curse the ground any more for man's sake; for the imagination of man's heart [is] evil from his youth; neither will I again smite any more every thing living, as I have done.
• Ezek 6:6 : 6 In all your dwellingplaces the cities shall be laid waste, and the high places shall be desolate; that your altars may be laid waste and made desolate, and your idols may be broken and cease, and your images may be cut down, and your works may be abolished.
• Mic 3:12 : 12 Therefore shall Zion for your sake be plowed [as] a field, and Jerusalem shall become heaps, and the mountain of the house as the high places of the forest.
• Matt 24:1-2 : 1 ¶ And Jesus went out, and departed from the temple: and his disciples came to [him] for to shew him the buildings of the temple. 2 And Jesus said unto them, ‹See ye not all these things? verily I say unto you, There shall not be left here one stone upon another, that shall not be thrown down.›
• Luke 21:5-6 : 5 ¶ And as some spake of the temple, how it was adorned with goodly stones and gifts, he said, 6 [As for] ‹these things which ye behold, the days will come, in the which there shall not be left one stone upon another, that shall not be thrown down.›
• Luke 21:24 : 24 ‹And they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and shall be led away captive into all nations: and Jerusalem shall be trodden down of the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles be fulfilled.›
• Acts 6:14 : 14 For we have heard him say, that this Jesus of Nazareth shall destroy this place, and shall change the customs which Moses delivered us.
• Ezek 21:7 : 7 And it shall be, when they say unto thee, Wherefore sighest thou? that thou shalt answer, For the tidings; because it cometh: and every heart shall melt, and all hands shall be feeble, and every spirit shall faint, and all knees shall be weak [as] water: behold, it cometh, and shall be brought to pass, saith the Lord GOD.
• Ezek 21:15 : 15 I have set the point of the sword against all their gates, that [their] heart may faint, and [their] ruins be multiplied: ah! [it is] made bright, [it is] wrapped up for the slaughter.
• Ezek 24:21 : 21 Speak unto the house of Israel, Thus saith the Lord GOD; Behold, I will profane my sanctuary, the excellency of your strength, the desire of your eyes, and that which your soul pitieth; and your sons and your daughters whom ye have left shall fall by the sword.
• Jer 9:11 : 11 And I will make Jerusalem heaps, [and] a den of dragons; and I will make the cities of Judah desolate, without an inhabitant.
• Jer 22:5 : 5 But if ye will not hear these words, I swear by myself, saith the LORD, that this house shall become a desolation.
• Jer 26:6 : 6 Then will I make this house like Shiloh, and will make this city a curse to all the nations of the earth.
• Jer 26:9 : 9 Why hast thou prophesied in the name of the LORD, saying, This house shall be like Shiloh, and this city shall be desolate without an inhabitant? And all the people were gathered against Jeremiah in the house of the LORD.
• Jer 52:13 : 13 And burned the house of the LORD, and the king's house; and all the houses of Jerusalem, and all the houses of the great [men], burned he with fire:
• Lam 1:1 : 1 ¶ How doth the city sit solitary, [that was] full of people! [how] is she become as a widow! she [that was] great among the nations, [and] princess among the provinces, [how] is she become tributary!
• Isa 24:10-12 : 10 The city of confusion is broken down: every house is shut up, that no man may come in. 11 [There is] a crying for wine in the streets; all joy is darkened, the mirth of the land is gone. 12 In the city is left desolation, and the gate is smitten with destruction.
• Isa 66:3 : 3 He that killeth an ox [is as if] he slew a man; he that sacrificeth a lamb, [as if] he cut off a dog's neck; he that offereth an oblation, [as if he offered] swine's blood; he that burneth incense, [as if] he blessed an idol. Yea, they have chosen their own ways, and their soul delighteth in their abominations.
• 2 Chr 36:19 : 19 And they burnt the house of God, and brake down the wall of Jerusalem, and burnt all the palaces thereof with fire, and destroyed all the goodly vessels thereof.
• Neh 2:17 : 17 Then said I unto them, Ye see the distress that we [are] in, how Jerusalem [lieth] waste, and the gates thereof are burned with fire: come, and let us build up the wall of Jerusalem, that we be no more a reproach.
• Ps 74:3-8 : 3 Lift up thy feet unto the perpetual desolations; [even] all [that] the enemy hath done wickedly in the sanctuary. 4 Thine enemies roar in the midst of thy congregations; they set up their ensigns [for] signs. 5 [A man] was famous according as he had lifted up axes upon the thick trees. 6 But now they break down the carved work thereof at once with axes and hammers. 7 They have cast fire into thy sanctuary, they have defiled [by casting down] the dwelling place of thy name to the ground. 8 They said in their hearts, Let us destroy them together: they have burned up all the synagogues of God in the land.
• Isa 1:7 : 7 Your country [is] desolate, your cities [are] burned with fire: your land, strangers devour it in your presence, and [it is] desolate, as overthrown by strangers.