Luke 12:1

Authorized King James Version (1611)

¶ In the mean time, when there were gathered together an innumerable multitude of people, insomuch that they trode one upon another, he began to say unto his disciples first of all, ‹Beware ye of the leaven of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy.›

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

¶Ἐν οἷς, ἐπισυναχθεισῶν τῶν μυριάδων τοῦ ὄχλου, ὥστε καταπατεῖν ἀλλήλους, ἤρξατο λέγειν πρὸς τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ πρῶτον, Προσέχετε ἑαυτοῖς ἀπὸ τῆς ζύμης τῶν Φαρισαίων, ἥτις ἐστὶν ὑπόκρισις.

Transliteration

In which [time], episynachtheisōn the myriads of the ochlos, so as to katapatein one another, he ērxato legein pros the mathētas of him first, Prosechete yourselves from the zymēs of the Pharisaiōn, which estin hypochrisis.

Grammar Details

• *episynachtheisōn*: genitive plural feminine participle, aorist passive - having been gathered together
• *myriads*: genitive plural feminine - ten thousands/countless numbers
• *ochlos*: genitive singular masculine - crowd/multitude
• *katapatein*: present active infinitive - to trample down
• *ērxato*: aorist middle indicative, 3rd singular - began
• *legein*: present active infinitive - to say/speak
• *pros*: preposition + accusative - to/toward
• *mathētas*: accusative plural masculine - disciples/students
• *Prosechete*: present active imperative, 2nd plural - pay attention to/beware of
• *zymēs*: genitive singular feminine - leaven/yeast
• *Pharisaiōn*: genitive plural masculine - Pharisees
• *estin*: present active indicative, 3rd singular - is
• *hypochrisis*: nominative singular feminine - hypocrisy/pretense

Word Meanings

• *episynachtheisōn*: being gathered together/assembling
• *myriads*: countless numbers/tens of thousands
• *ochlos*: crowd/mob/common people
• *katapatein*: trample down/tread upon
• *zymēs*: leaven/yeast (metaphorically: influence/teaching)
• *hypochrisis*: hypocrisy/play-acting/dissimulation

Referenced Verses

• Jas 3:17 : 17 But the wisdom that is from above is first pure, then peaceable, gentle, [and] easy to be intreated, full of mercy and good fruits, without partiality, and without hypocrisy.
• 1 Pet 2:1 : 1 ¶ Wherefore laying aside all malice, and all guile, and hypocrisies, and envies, and all evil speakings,
• 1 Cor 5:7-8 : 7 ¶ Purge out therefore the old leaven, that ye may be a new lump, as ye are unleavened. For even Christ our passover is sacrificed for us: 8 Therefore let us keep the feast, not with old leaven, neither with the leaven of malice and wickedness; but with the unleavened [bread] of sincerity and truth.
• 1 Cor 15:3 : 3 For I delivered unto you first of all that which I also received, how that Christ died for our sins according to the scriptures;
• 2 Kgs 7:17 : 17 And the king appointed the lord on whose hand he leaned to have the charge of the gate: and the people trode upon him in the gate, and he died, as the man of God had said, who spake when the king came down to him.
• Job 20:5 : 5 That the triumphing of the wicked [is] short, and the joy of the hypocrite [but] for a moment?
• Job 27:8 : 8 For what [is] the hope of the hypocrite, though he hath gained, when God taketh away his soul?
• Job 36:13 : 13 But the hypocrites in heart heap up wrath: they cry not when he bindeth them.
• Isa 33:14 : 14 The sinners in Zion are afraid; fearfulness hath surprised the hypocrites. Who among us shall dwell with the devouring fire? who among us shall dwell with everlasting burnings?
• Matt 16:6-9 : 6 Then Jesus said unto them, ‹Take heed and beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and of the Sadducees.› 7 And they reasoned among themselves, saying, [It is] because we have taken no bread. 8 [Which] when Jesus perceived, he said unto them, ‹O ye of little faith, why reason ye among yourselves, because ye have brought no bread?› 9 ‹Do ye not yet understand, neither remember the five loaves of the five thousand, and how many baskets ye took up?› 10 ‹Neither the seven loaves of the four thousand, and how many baskets ye took up?› 11 ‹How is it that ye do not understand that I spake› [it] ‹not to you concerning bread, that ye should beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and of the Sadducees?› 12 Then understood they how that he bade [them] not beware of the leaven of bread, but of the doctrine of the Pharisees and of the Sadducees.
• Mark 8:15-21 : 15 And he charged them, saying, ‹Take heed, beware of the leaven of the Pharisees, and› [of] ‹the leaven of Herod.› 16 And they reasoned among themselves, saying, [It is] because we have no bread. 17 And when Jesus knew [it], he saith unto them, ‹Why reason ye, because ye have no bread? perceive ye not yet, neither understand? have ye your heart yet hardened?› 18 ‹Having eyes, see ye not? and having ears, hear ye not? and do ye not remember?› 19 ‹When I brake the five loaves among five thousand, how many baskets full of fragments took ye up?› They say unto him, Twelve. 20 ‹And when the seven among four thousand, how many baskets full of fragments took ye up?› And they said, Seven. 21 And he said unto them, ‹How is it that ye do not understand?›
• Luke 5:1 : 1 ¶ And it came to pass, that, as the people pressed upon him to hear the word of God, he stood by the lake of Gennesaret,
• Luke 5:15 : 15 But so much the more went there a fame abroad of him: and great multitudes came together to hear, and to be healed by him of their infirmities.
• Luke 6:17 : 17 And he came down with them, and stood in the plain, and the company of his disciples, and a great multitude of people out of all Judaea and Jerusalem, and from the sea coast of Tyre and Sidon, which came to hear him, and to be healed of their diseases;
• Luke 11:44 : 44 ‹Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye are as graves which appear not, and the men that walk over› [them] ‹are not aware› [of them].
• Luke 12:56 : 56 [Ye] ‹hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky and of the earth; but how is it that ye do not discern this time?›
• Acts 21:20 : 20 And when they heard [it], they glorified the Lord, and said unto him, Thou seest, brother, how many thousands of Jews there are which believe; and they are all zealous of the law: