Exodus 31:15

King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

Six days may work be done; but in the seventh is the sabbath of rest, holy to the LORD: whosoever doeth any work in the sabbath day, he shall surely be put to death.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

שֵׁ֣שֶׁת יָמִים֮ יֵעָשֶׂ֣ה מְלָאכָה֒ וּבַיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י שַׁבַּ֧ת שַׁבָּת֛וֹן קֹ֖דֶשׁ לַיהוָ֑ה כָּל־הָעֹשֶׂ֧ה מְלָאכָ֛ה בְּי֥וֹם הַשַׁבָּ֖ת מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת׃

Transliteration

Six yāmîm ʿāśâ məlāʾkâ and in-the-yôm the-seventh šabbat šabbātôn qōdeš to-YHWH all-the-ʿāśâ məlāʾkâ in-yôm the-šabbāt môt mût

Grammar Details

• *yāmîm*: noun, masculine plural construct - days of
• *ʿāśâ*: qal participle, masculine singular with definite article and quantifier *kol* - all the one doing
• *məlāʾkâ*: noun, feminine singular - work
• *yôm*: noun, masculine singular construct with preposition *bə* - in day of
• *šabbat*: noun, feminine singular construct - sabbath of
• *šabbātôn*: noun, masculine singular - solemn rest
• *qōdeš*: noun, masculine singular - holiness
• *šabbāt*: noun, feminine singular with definite article - the sabbath
• *môt*: infinitive absolute - surely
• *mût*: hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death

Word Meanings

• *yāmîm*: days
• *ʿāśâ*: shall be done/shall be performed
• *məlāʾkâ*: work/labor/occupation
• *šabbat* *šabbātôn*: sabbath of complete rest/absolute sabbath
• *qōdeš*: holy/sacred/set apart
• *môt* *mût*: surely be put to death/certainly die

Referenced Verses

• Lev 23:3 : 3 Six days shall work be done: but the seventh day is the sabbath of rest, an holy convocation; ye shall do no work therein: it is the sabbath of the LORD in all your dwellings.
• Exod 16:23 : 23 And he said unto them, This is that which the LORD hath said, To morrow is the rest of the holy sabbath unto the LORD: bake that which ye will bake to day, and seethe that ye will seethe; and that which remaineth over lay up for you to be kept until the morning.
• Gen 2:2 : 2 And on the seventh day God ended his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.
• Exod 34:21 : 21 Six days thou shalt work, but on the seventh day thou shalt rest: in earing time and in harvest thou shalt rest.
• Exod 35:2 : 2 Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day there shall be to you an holy day, a sabbath of rest to the LORD: whosoever doeth work therein shall be put to death.
• Exod 16:26 : 26 Six days ye shall gather it; but on the seventh day, which is the sabbath, in it there shall be none.
• Exod 20:8-9 : 8 Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy. 9 Six days shalt thou labour, and do all thy work: 10 But the seventh day is the sabbath of the LORD thy God: in it thou shalt not do any work, thou, nor thy son, nor thy daughter, thy manservant, nor thy maidservant, nor thy cattle, nor thy stranger that is within thy gates: 11 For in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that in them is, and rested the seventh day: wherefore the LORD blessed the sabbath day, and hallowed it.
• Exod 31:14 : 14 Ye shall keep the sabbath therefore; for it is holy unto you: every one that defileth it shall surely be put to death: for whosoever doeth any work therein, that soul shall be cut off from among his people.
• Exod 31:17 : 17 It is a sign between me and the children of Israel for ever: for in six days the LORD made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he rested, and was refreshed.
• Lev 23:32 : 32 It shall be unto you a sabbath of rest, and ye shall afflict your souls: in the ninth day of the month at even, from even unto even, shall ye cebrate your sabbath.
• Num 15:32-36 : 32 And while the children of Israel were in the wilderness, they found a man that gathered sticks upon the sabbath day. 33 And they that found him gathering sticks brought him unto Moses and Aaron, and unto all the congregation. 34 And they put him in ward, because it was not declared what should be done to him. 35 And the LORD said unto Moses, The man shall be surely put to death: all the congregation shall stone him with stones without the camp. 36 And all the congregation brought him without the camp, and stoned him with stones, and he died; as the LORD commanded Moses.
• Jer 17:24-27 : 24 And it shall come to pass, if ye diligently hearken unto me, saith the LORD, to bring in no burden through the gates of this city on the sabbath day, but hallow the sabbath day, to do no work therein; 25 Then shall there enter into the gates of this city kings and princes sitting upon the throne of David, riding in chariots and on horses, they, and their princes, the men of Judah, and the inhabitants of usalem: and this city shall remain for ever. 26 And they shall come from the cities of Judah, and from the places about usalem, and from the land of Benjamin, and from the plain, and from the mountains, and from the south, bringing burnt offerings, and sacrifices, and meat offerings, and incense, and bringing sacrifices of praise, unto the house of the LORD. 27 But if ye will not hearken unto me to hallow the sabbath day, and not to bear a burden, even entering in at the gates of usalem on the sabbath day; then will I kindle a fire in the gates thereof, and it shall devour the palaces of usalem, and it shall not be quenched.
• Ezek 46:1 : 1 Thus saith the Lord GOD; The gate of the inner court that looketh toward the east shall be shut the six working days; but on the sabbath it shall be opened, and in the day of the new moon it shall be opened.
• Luke 13:14 : 14 And the ruler of the synagogue answered with indignation, because that Jesus had healed on the sabbath day, and said unto the people, There are six days in which men ought to work: in them therefore come and be healed, and not on the sabbath day.
• Luke 23:56 : 56 And they returned, and prepared spices and ointments; and rested the sabbath day according to the commandment.
• Heb 4:9 : 9 There remaineth therefore a rest to the people of God.