Ezekiel 27:30

King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

And shall cause their voice to be heard against thee, and shall cry bitterly, and shall cast up dust upon their heads, they shall wallow themselves in the ashes:

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְהִשְׁמִ֤יעוּ עָלַ֙יִךְ֙ בְּקוֹלָ֔ם וְיִזְעֲק֖וּ מָרָ֑ה וְיַעֲל֤וּ עֽ͏ָפָר֙ עַל־רָ֣אשֵׁיהֶ֔ם בָּאֵ֖פֶר יִתְפַּלָּֽשׁוּ׃

Transliteration

And-hišmîʿû against-you [feminine] with-qôlām, and-yizʿăqû mārāh, and-yaʿălû ʿāpār upon-rāʾšêhem, in-the-ʾēper yitpallāšû

Grammar Details

• *hišmîʿû*: hiphil perfect, 3rd plural - they will cause to hear/sound
• *qôlām*: masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their voice
• *yizʿăqû*: qal imperfect, 3rd plural - they will cry out
• *mārāh*: feminine singular - bitterly
• *yaʿălû*: hiphil imperfect, 3rd plural - they will bring up
• *ʿāpār*: masculine singular - dust
• *rāʾšêhem*: masculine plural + 3rd masculine plural suffix - their heads
• *ʾēper*: masculine singular - ashes
• *yitpallāšû*: hithpael imperfect, 3rd plural - they will roll themselves

Word Meanings

• *hišmîʿû*: they will cause to hear/raise/lift up
• *mārāh*: bitterly/with bitterness
• *yitpallāšû*: they will roll themselves/wallow

Referenced Verses

• Jer 6:26 : 26 O daughter of my people, gird thee with sackcloth, and wallow thyself in ashes: make thee mourning, as for an only son, most bitter lamentation: for the spoiler shall suddenly come upon us.
• 2 Sam 1:2 : 2 It came even to pass on the third day, that, behold, a man came out of the camp from Saul with his clothes rent, and earth upon his head: and so it was, when he came to David, that he fell to the earth, and did obeisance.
• Lam 2:10 : 10 The elders of the daughter of Zion sit upon the ground, and keep silence: they have cast up dust upon their heads; they have girded themselves with sackcloth: the virgins of Jerusalem hang down their heads to the ground.
• Ezek 26:17 : 17 And they shall take up a lamentation for thee, and say to thee, How art thou destroyed, that wast inhabited of seafaring men, the renowned city, which wast strong in the sea, she and her inhabitants, which cause their terror to be on all that haunt it!
• Jonah 3:6 : 6 For word came unto the king of Nineveh, and he arose from his throne, and he laid his robe from him, and covered him with sackcloth, and sat in ashes.
• 1 Sam 4:12 : 12 And there ran a man of Benjamin out of the army, and came to Shiloh the same day with his clothes rent, and with earth upon his head.
• Isa 23:1-6 : 1 The burden of Tyre. Howl, ye ships of Tarshish; for it is laid waste, so that there is no house, no entering in: from the land of Chittim it is revealed to them. 2 Be still, ye inhabitants of the isle; thou whom the merchants of Zidon, that pass over the sea, have replenished. 3 And by great waters the seed of Sihor, the harvest of the river, is her revenue; and she is a mart of nations. 4 Be thou ashamed, O Zidon: for the sea hath spoken, even the strength of the sea, saying, I travail not, nor bring forth children, neither do I nourish up young men, nor bring up virgins. 5 As at the report concerning Egypt, so shall they be sorely pained at the report of Tyre. 6 Pass ye over to Tarshish; howl, ye inhabitants of the isle.
• Jer 25:34 : 34 Howl, ye shepherds, and cry; and wallow yourselves in the ashes, ye principal of the flock: for the days of your slaughter and of your dispersions are accomplished; and ye shall fall like a pleasant vessel.
• Esth 4:1-4 : 1 When Mordecai perceived all that was done, Mordecai rent his cloth, and put on sackcloth with ash, and went out into the midst of the city, and cried with a loud and a bitter cry; 2 And came even before the king's gate: for none might enter into the king's gate clothed with sackcloth. 3 And in every province, whithersoever the king's commandment and his decree came, there was great mourning among the Jews, and fasting, and weeping, and wailing; and many lay in sackcloth and ash. 4 So ther's maids and her chamberlains came and told it her. Then was the queen exceedingly grieved; and she sent raiment to clothe Mordecai, and to take away his sackcloth from him: but he received it not.
• Job 2:8 : 8 And he took him a potsherd to scrape himself withal; and he sat down among the ashes.
• Job 2:12 : 12 And when they lifted up their eyes afar off, and knew him not, they lifted up their voice, and wept; and they rent every one his mantle, and sprinkled dust upon their heads toward heaven.
• Job 42:6 : 6 Wherefore I abhor myself, and repent in dust and ashes.
• Mic 1:10 : 10 Declare ye it not at Gath, weep ye not at all: in the house of Aphrah roll thyself in the dust.
• Rev 18:9-9 : 9 And the kings of the earth, who have committed fornication and lived deliciously with her, shall bewail her, and lament for her, when they shall see the smoke of her burning, 10 Standing afar off for the fear of her torment, saying, Alas, alas, that gat city Babylon, that mighty city! for in one hour is thy judgment come. 11 And the merchants of the earth shall weep and mourn over her; for no man buyeth their merchandise any mo: 12 The merchandise of gold, and silver, and pcious stones, and of pearls, and fine linen, and purple, and silk, and scarlet, and all thyine wood, and all manner vessels of ivory, and all manner vessels of most pcious wood, and of brass, and iron, and marble, 13 And cinnamon, and odours, and ointments, and frankincense, and wine, and oil, and fine flour, and wheat, and beasts, and sheep, and horses, and chariots, and slaves, and souls of men. 14 And the fruits that thy soul lusted after a departed from thee, and all things which we dainty and goodly a departed from thee, and thou shalt find them no mo at all. 15 The merchants of these things, which we made rich by her, shall stand afar off for the fear of her torment, weeping and wailing, 16 And saying, Alas, alas, that gat city, that was clothed in fine linen, and purple, and scarlet, and decked with gold, and pcious stones, and pearls! 17 For in one hour so gat riches is come to nought. And every shipmaster, and all the company in ships, and sailors, and as many as trade by sea, stood afar off, 18 And cried when they saw the smoke of her burning, saying, What city is like unto this gat city! 19 And they cast dust on their heads, and cried, weeping and wailing, saying, Alas, alas, that gat city, whein we made rich all that had ships in the sea by ason of her costliness! for in one hour is she made desolate.
• Ezek 27:31-32 : 31 And they shall make themselves utterly bald for thee, and gird them with sackcloth, and they shall weep for thee with bitterness of heart and bitter wailing. 32 And in their wailing they shall take up a lamentation for thee, and lament over thee, saying, What city is like Tyrus, like the destroyed in the midst of the sea?