Isaiah 9:6

King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

For unto us a child is born, unto us a son is given: and the government shall be upon his shoulder: and his name shall be called Wonderful, Counseller, The mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of Peace.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

*לם‪[c]‬*רבה **לְמַרְבֵּ֨ה הַמִּשְׂרָ֜ה וּלְשָׁל֣וֹם אֵֽין־קֵ֗ץ עַל־כִּסֵּ֤א דָוִד֙ וְעַל־מַמְלַכְתּ֔וֹ לְהָכִ֤ין אֹתָהּ֙ וּֽלְסַעֲדָ֔הּ בְּמִשְׁפָּ֖ט וּבִצְדָקָ֑ה מֵעַתָּה֙ וְעַד־עוֹלָ֔ם קִנְאַ֛ת יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת תַּעֲשֶׂה־זֹּֽאת׃ ס

Transliteration

[Textual note: לם‪[c]‬רבה] For marbēh the miśrāh and for šālôm ʾên-qēṣ upon-kissēʾ dāwiḏ and upon-his mamlaḵtô to hāḵîn her and to saʿădāh in mišpāṭ and in ṣəḏāqāh from ʿattāh and until-ʿôlām qinʾat YHWH ṣəḇāʾôt taʿăśeh-this.

Grammar Details

• *marbēh*: noun, Hiphil, infinitive, absolute - increasing/abundance
• *miśrāh*: noun, feminine, singular, absolute - rule/dominion/government
• *šālôm*: noun, masculine, singular, absolute - peace
• *ʾên*: particle of negation - there is no
• *qēṣ*: noun, masculine, singular, absolute - end
• *kissēʾ*: noun, masculine, singular, construct - throne of
• *dāwiḏ*: proper noun - David
• *mamlaḵtô*: noun, feminine, singular with 3rd person, masculine, singular suffix - his kingdom
• *hāḵîn*: verb, Hiphil, infinitive, construct - to establish
• *saʿădāh*: verb, Qal, infinitive, construct with 3rd person, feminine, singular suffix - to uphold her
• *mišpāṭ*: noun, masculine, singular, absolute - justice/judgment
• *ṣəḏāqāh*: noun, feminine, singular, absolute - righteousness
• *ʿattāh*: adverb - now
• *ʿôlām*: noun, masculine, singular, absolute - forever/eternity
• *qinʾat*: noun, feminine, singular, construct - zeal of
• *YHWH*: proper noun - the LORD
• *ṣəḇāʾôt*: noun, feminine, plural, absolute - hosts/armies
• *taʿăśeh*: verb, Qal, imperfect, 3rd person, feminine, singular - will do/perform

Word Meanings

• *marbēh*: increase/abundance/greatness
• *miśrāh*: rule/dominion/government/authority
• *šālôm*: peace/completeness/welfare/safety
• *qēṣ*: end/boundary/limit
• *hāḵîn*: to establish/to set up/to prepare
• *saʿădāh*: to uphold/to support/to sustain
• *mišpāṭ*: justice/judgment/ordinance/decision
• *ṣəḏāqāh*: righteousness/justice/rightness
• *ʿôlām*: forever/eternity/perpetuity
• *qinʾat*: zeal/jealousy/ardor
• *ṣəḇāʾôt*: hosts/armies/military forces

Referenced Verses

• Luke 2:11 : 11 For unto you is born this day in the city of David a Saviour, which is Christ the Lord.
• Matt 28:18 : 18 And Jesus came and spake unto them, saying, All power is given unto me in heaven and in earth.
• Isa 7:14 : 14 Therefore the Lord himself shall give you a sign; Behold, a virgin shall conceive, and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.
• Jer 23:5-6 : 5 Behold, the days come, saith the LORD, that I will raise unto David a righteous Branch, and a King shall reign and prosper, and shall execute judgment and justice in the earth. 6 In his days Judah shall be saved, and Israel shall dwell safely: and this is his name whereby he shall be called, THE LORD OUR RIGHTEOUSNESS.
• Rev 19:16 : 16 And he hath on his vestu and on his thigh a name written, KING OF KINGS, AND LORD OF LORDS.
• Heb 2:13-14 : 13 And again, I will put my trust in him. And again, Behold I and the children which God hath given me. 14 Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is, the devil;
• Isa 28:29 : 29 This also cometh forth from the LORD of hosts, which is wonderful in counsel, and excellent in working.
• Matt 1:23 : 23 Behold, a virgin shall be with child, and shall bring forth a son, and they shall call his name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us.
• 1 John 5:20 : 20 And we know that the Son of God is come, and hath given us an understanding, that we may know him that is true, and we are in him that is true, even in his Son Jesus Christ. This is the true God, and eternal life.
• John 1:1-2 : 1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. 2 The same was in the beginning with God.
• 1 Cor 15:25 : 25 For he must reign, till he hath put all enemies under his feet.
• Isa 53:5 : 5 But he was wounded for our transgressions, he was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are healed.
• Ps 45:6 : 6 Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever: the sceptre of thy kingdom is a right sceptre.
• Isa 10:21 : 21 The remnant shall return, even the remnant of Jacob, unto the mighty God.
• Prov 8:23 : 23 I was set up from everlasting, from the beginning, or ever the earth was.
• Judg 13:18 : 18 And the angel of the LORD said unto him, Why askest thou thus after my name, seeing it is secret?
• Ps 72:7 : 7 In his days shall the righteous flourish; and abundance of peace so long as the moon endureth.
• Acts 10:36 : 36 The word which God sent unto the children of Israel, prehing pee by Jesus Christ: (he is Lord of all:)
• Rom 8:32 : 32 He that spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all, how shall he not with him also freely give us all things?
• Rom 9:5 : 5 Whose are the fathers, and of whom as concerning the flesh Christ came, who is over all, God blessed for ever. Amen.
• 1 Cor 1:30 : 30 But of him are ye in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption:
• 1 Tim 3:16 : 16 And without controversy great is the mystery of godliness: God was manifest in the flesh, justified in the Spirit, seen of angels, preached unto the Gentiles, believed on in the world, received up into glory.
• Titus 2:13 : 13 Looking for that blessed hope, and the glorious appearing of the great God and our Saviour Jesus Christ;
• Heb 1:8 : 8 But unto the Son he saith, Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever: a sceptre of righteousness is the sceptre of thy kingdom.
• Acts 20:28 : 28 Take heed therefore unto yourselves, and to all the flock, over the which the Holy Ghost hath made you overseers, to feed the church of God, which he hath purchased with his own blood.
• Zech 9:9-9 : 9 Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion; shout, O daughter of Jerusalem: behold, thy King cometh unto thee: he is just, and having salvation; lowly, and riding upon an ass, and upon a colt the foal of an ass. 10 And I will cut off the chariot from Ephraim, and the horse from Jerusalem, and the battle bow shall be cut off: and he shall speak peace unto the heathen: and his dominion shall be from sea even to sea, and from the river even to the ends of the earth.
• John 14:27 : 27 Peace I leave with you, my peace I give unto you: not as the world giveth, give I unto you. Let not your heart be troubled, neither let it be afraid.
• 2 Cor 5:19 : 19 To wit, that God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself, not imputing their trespasses unto them; and hath committed unto us the word of reconciliation.
• Eph 1:21-22 : 21 Far above all principality, and power, and might, and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this world, but also in that which is to come: 22 And hath put all things under his feet, and gave him to be the head over all things to the church,
• Eph 2:14-18 : 14 For he is our peace, who hath made both one, and hath broken down the middle wall of partition between us; 15 Having abolished in his flesh the enmity, even the law of commandments contained in ordinances; for to make in himself of twain one new man, so making peace; 16 And that he might reconcile both unto God in one body by the cross, having slain the enmity thereby: 17 And came and preached peace to you which were afar off, and to them that were nigh. 18 For through him we both have access by one Spirit unto the Father.
• Col 1:20-21 : 20 And, having made peace through the blood of his cross, by him to reconcile all things unto himself; by him, I say, whether they be things in earth, or things in heaven. 21 And you, that were sometime alienated and enemies in your mind by wicked works, yet now hath he reconciled
• John 1:14 : 14 And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father,) full of grace and truth.
• John 1:16 : 16 And of his fulness have all we received, and grace for grace.
• Luke 1:35 : 35 And the angel answered and said unto her, The Holy Ghost shall come upon thee, and the power of the Highest shall overshadow thee: therefore also that holy thing which shall be born of thee shall be called the Son of God.
• Ps 2:6-9 : 6 Yet have I set my king upon my holy hill of Zion. 7 I will declare the decree: the LORD hath said unto me, Thou art my Son; this day have I begotten thee. 8 Ask of me, and I shall give thee the heathen for thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for thy possession. 9 Thou shalt break them with a rod of iron; thou shalt dash them in pieces like a potter's vessel. 10 Be wise now therefore, O ye kings: be instructed, ye judges of the earth. 11 Serve the LORD with fear, and rejoice with trembling. 12 Kiss the Son, lest he be angry, and ye perish from the way, when his wrath is kindled but a little. Blessed are all they that put their trust in him.
• Deut 10:17 : 17 For the LORD your God is God of gods, and Lord of lords, a great God, a mighty, and a terrible, which regarth not persons, nor taketh reward:
• Isa 11:1-2 : 1 And there shall come forth a rod out of the stem of Jesse, and a Branch shall grow out of his roots: 2 And the spirit of the LORD shall rest upon him, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge and of the fear of the LORD;
• Isa 11:6-9 : 6 The wolf also shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid; and the calf and the young lion and the fatling together; and a little child shall lead them. 7 And the cow and the bear shall feed; their young ones shall lie down together: and the lion shall eat straw like the ox. 8 And the sucking child shall play on the hole of the asp, and the weaned child shall put his hand on the cockatrice' den. 9 They shall not hurt nor destroy in all my holy mountain: for the earth shall be full of the knowledge of the LORD, as the waters cover the sea.
• Isa 22:21-22 : 21 And I will clothe him with thy robe, and strengthen him with thy girdle, and I will commit thy government into his hand: and he shall be a father to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and to the house of Judah. 22 And the key of the house of David will I lay upon his shoulder; so he shall open, and none shall shut; and he shall shut, and none shall open.
• Isa 53:10 : 10 Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise him; he hath put him to grief: when thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin, he shall see his seed, he shall prolong his days, and the pleasure of the LORD shall prosper in his hand.
• Isa 63:16 : 16 Doubtless thou art our father, though Abraham be ignorant of us, and Israel acknowledge us not: thou, O LORD, art our father, our redeemer; thy name is from everlasting.
• Matt 11:27 : 27 All things are delivered unto me of my Father: and no man knoweth the Son, but the Father; neither knoweth any man the Father, save the Son, and he to whomsoever the Son will reveal him.
• Isa 53:2 : 2 For he shall grow up before him as a tender plant, and as a root out of a dry ground: he hath no form nor comeliness; and when we shall see him, there is no beauty that we should desire him.
• Jer 31:22 : 22 How long wilt thou go about, O thou backsliding daughter? for the LORD hath created a new thing in the earth, A woman shall compass a man.
• Dan 9:24-25 : 24 Seventy weeks are determined upon thy people and upon thy holy city, to finish the transgression, and to make an end of sins, and to make reconciliation for iniquity, and to bring in everlasting righteousness, and to seal up the vision and prophecy, and to anoint the most Holy. 25 Know therefore and understand, that from the going forth of the commandment to restore and to build Jerusalem unto the Messiah the Prince shall be seven weeks, and threescore and two weeks: the street shall be built again, and the wall, even in troublous times.
• Zech 6:12-13 : 12 And speak unto him, saying, Thus speaketh the LORD of hosts, saying, Behold the man whose name is The BRANCH; and he shall grow up out of his place, and he shall build the temple of the LORD: 13 Even he shall build the temple of the LORD; and he shall bear the glory, and shall sit and rule upon his throne; and he shall be a priest upon his throne: and the counsel of peace shall be between them both.
• Ps 45:3 : 3 Gird thy sword upon thy thigh, O most mighty, with thy glory and thy majesty.
• Luke 2:14 : 14 Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good will toward men.
• Luke 21:15 : 15 For I will give you a mouth and wisdom, which all your adversaries shall not be able to gainsay nor resist.
• John 3:16-17 : 16 For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life. 17 For God sent not his Son into the world to condemn the world; but that the world through him might be saved.
• Col 2:3 : 3 In whom are hid all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge.
• Rom 5:1-9 : 1 Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God thugh our Lord Jesus Christ: 2 By whom also we have access by faith into this grace wherein we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God. 3 And not only so, but we glory in tribulations also: knowing that tribulation worketh patience; 4 And patience, experience; and experience, hope: 5 And hope maketh not ashamed; because the love of God is shed abad in our hearts by the Holy Ghost which is given unto us. 6 For when we were yet without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly. 7 For scarcely for a righteous man will one die: yet peradventure for a good man some would even dare to die. 8 But God commendeth his love toward us, in that, while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us. 9 Much more then, being now justified by his blood, we shall be saved fm wrath thugh him. 10 For if, when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by the death of his Son, much more, being reconciled, we shall be saved by his life.
• Heb 7:2-3 : 2 To whom also Abraham gave a tenth part of all; first being by interpretation King of righteousness, and after that also King of Salem, which is, King of peace; 3 Without father, without mother, without descent, having neither beginning of days, nor end of life; but made like unto the Son of God; abideth a priest continually.
• Heb 13:20 : 20 Now the God of peace, that brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, that great shepherd of the sheep, through the blood of the everlasting covenant,
• 1 John 4:10-14 : 10 Herein is love, not that we loved God, but that he loved us, and sent his Son to be the propitiation for our sins. 11 Beloved, if God so loved us, we ought also to love one another. 12 No man hath seen God at any time. If we love one another, God dwelleth in us, and his love is perfected in us. 13 Hereby know we that we dwell in him, and he in us, because he hath given us of his Spirit. 14 And we have seen and do testify that the Father sent the Son to be the Saviour of the world.
• Neh 9:32 : 32 Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the terrible God, who keepest covenant and mercy, let not all the trouble seem little before thee, that hath come upon us, on our kings, on our princes, and on our priests, and on our prophets, and on our fathers, and on all thy people, since the time of the kings of Assyria unto this day.
• Ps 72:17 : 17 His name shall endure for ever: his name shall be continued as long as the sun: and men shall be blessed in him: all nations shall call him blessed.
• Ps 85:10 : 10 Mercy and truth are met together; righteousness and peace have kissed each other.
• Ps 110:1-4 : 1 A alm of David. The LORD said unto my Lord, Sit thou at my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool. 2 The LORD shall send the rod of thy strength out of Zion: rule thou in the midst of thine enemies. 3 Thy people shall be willing in the day of thy power, in the beauties of holiness from the womb of the morning: thou hast the dew of thy youth. 4 The LORD hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest for ever after the order of Melchizedek.
• Isa 26:3 : 3 Thou wilt keep him in perfect peace, whose mind is stayed on thee: because he trusteth in thee.
• Isa 26:12 : 12 LORD, thou wilt ordain peace for us: for thou also hast wrought all our works in us.
• Ps 50:1 : 1 A alm of Asaph. The mighty God, even the LORD, hath spoken, and called the earth from the rising of the sun unto the going down thereof.
• Ps 72:3 : 3 The mountains shall bring peace to the people, and the little hills, by righteousness.
• Mic 5:4-5 : 4 And he shall stand and feed in the strength of the LORD, in the majesty of the name of the LORD his God; and they shall abide: for now shall he be great unto the ends of the earth. 5 And this man shall be the peace, when the Assyrian shall come into our land: and when he shall tread in our palaces, then shall we raise against him seven shepherds, and eight principal men.
• Isa 66:12 : 12 For thus saith the LORD, Behold, I will extend peace to her like a river, and the glory of the Gentiles like a flowing stream: then shall ye suck, ye shall be borne upon her sides, and be dandled upon her knees.
• Isa 45:24-25 : 24 Surely, shall one say, in the LORD have I righteousness and strength: even to him shall men come; and all that are incensed against him shall be ashamed. 25 In the LORD shall all the seed of Israel be justified, and shall glory.
• Isa 8:18 : 18 Behold, I and the children whom the LORD hath given me are for signs and for wonders in Israel from the LORD of hosts, which dwelleth in mount Zion.