Exodus 10:21

King James Version with Strong's Numbers

And the LORD said unto Moses, Stretch out thine hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, even darkness which may be felt.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה נְטֵ֤ה יָֽדְךָ֙ עַל־הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם וִ֥יהִי חֹ֖שֶׁךְ עַל־אֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וְיָמֵ֖שׁ חֹֽשֶׁךְ׃

Transliteration

wa-yōʾmer YHWH ʾel-mōšeh nəṭēh yādəkā ʿal-ha-šāmayim wîhî ḥōšek ʿal-ʾereṣ miṣrāyim wə-yāmēš ḥōšek

Grammar Details

• *wa-yōʾmer*: conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and said
• *YHWH*: proper noun - divine name
• *ʾel-mōšeh*: preposition + proper noun - to Moses
• *nəṭēh*: Qal imperative masculine singular - stretch out
• *yādəkā*: noun feminine singular with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand
• *ʿal-ha-šāmayim*: preposition + definite article + noun masculine plural - toward the heavens
• *wîhî*: conjunction + Qal jussive 3rd masculine singular - that there may be
• *ḥōšek*: noun masculine singular - darkness
• *ʿal-ʾereṣ*: preposition + noun feminine singular construct - over the land of
• *miṣrāyim*: proper noun - Egypt
• *wə-yāmēš*: conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular jussive - that may be felt

Word Meanings

• *yāmēš*: may be felt/may be thick/may be tangible
• *ḥōšek*: darkness/obscurity

Referenced Verses

• Ps 105:28 : 28 He sent darkness, and made it dark; and they rebelled not against his word.
• Exod 9:22 : 22 And the LORD said unto Moses, Stretch forth thine hand toward heaven, that there may be hail in all the land of Egypt, upon man, and upon beast, and upon every herb of the field, throughout the land of Egypt.
• Deut 28:29 : 29 And thou shalt grope at noonday, as the blind gropeth in darkness, and thou shalt not prosper in thy ways: and thou shalt be only oppressed and spoiled evermore, and no man shall save thee.
• Ps 35:6 : 6 Let their way be dark and slippery: and let the angel of the LORD persecute them.
• Ps 78:49 : 49 He cast{H8762)} upon them the fierceness of his anger, wrath, and indignation, and trouble, by sending evil angels among them.
• Prov 4:19 : 19 The way of the wicked is as darkness: they know not at what they stumble.
• Eccl 2:14 : 14 The wise man's eyes are in his head; but the fool walketh in darkness: and I myself perceived also that one event happeneth to them all.
• Eccl 6:4 : 4 For he cometh in with vanity, and departeth in darkness, and his name shall be covered with darkness.
• Isa 8:21-22 : 21 And they shall pass through it, hardly bestead and hungry: and it shall come to pass, that when they shall be hungry, they shall fret themselves, and curse their king and their God, and look upward. 22 And they shall look unto the earth; and behold trouble and darkness, dimness of anguish; and they shall be driven to darkness.
• Matt 27:45 : 45 Now from the sixth hour there was darkness over all the land unto the ninth hour.
• Mark 15:33 : 33 And when the sixth hour was come, there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour.
• Luke 23:44 : 44 And it was about the sixth hour, and there was a darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour.
• 2 Pet 2:4 : 4 For if God spared not the angels that sinned, but cast them down to hell, and delivered them into chains of darkness, to be reserved unto judgment;
• 2 Pet 2:17 : 17 These are wells without water, clouds that are carried with a tempest; to whom the mist of darkness is reserved for ever.
• Jude 1:6 : 6 And the angels which kept not their first estate, but left their own habitation, he hath reserved in everlasting chains under darkness unto the judgment of the great day.
• Jude 1:13 : 13 Raging waves of the sea, foaming out their own shame; wandering stars, to whom is reserved the blackness of darkness for ever.
• Rev 16:10-11 : 10 And the fifth angel poured out his vial upon the seat of the beast; and his kingdom was full of darkness; and they gnawed their tongues for pain, 11 And blasphemed the God of heaven because of their pains and their sores, and repented not of their deeds.