Acts 13:24

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

Before Jesus arrived, John had proclaimed a baptism for repentance to all the people of Israel.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Προκηρύξαντος Ἰωάννου πρὸ προσώπου τῆς εἰσόδου αὐτοῦ βάπτισμα μετανοίας παντὶ τῷ λαῷ Ἰσραήλ.

Transliteration

Prokēryxantos Iōannou pro prosōpou of-the eisodou of-him baptisma metanoias to-all the laō Israēl.

Grammar Details

• *Prokēryxantos*: aorist, active, participle, genitive, masculine, singular - having proclaimed beforehand
• *Iōannou*: genitive, masculine, singular - proper name
• *pro*: preposition + genitive - before
• *prosōpou*: genitive, neuter, singular - face/presence
• *eisodou*: genitive, feminine, singular - entrance/coming
• *baptisma*: accusative, neuter, singular - baptism
• *metanoias*: genitive, feminine, singular - repentance
• *laō*: dative, masculine, singular - people
• *Israēl*: genitive, masculine, singular - proper name

Word Meanings

• *Prokēryxantos*: having proclaimed beforehand/having preached in advance
• *pro prosōpou*: before the face of/ahead of/in advance of
• *eisodou*: entrance/coming/arrival
• *baptisma*: baptism/immersion
• *metanoias*: repentance/change of mind
• *laō*: people/nation/populace

Referenced Verses

• Acts 1:22 : 22 beginning from his baptism by John until the day he was taken up from us– one of these must become a witness of his resurrection together with us.”
• Acts 10:37 : 37 you know what happened throughout Judea, beginning from Galilee after the baptism that John announced:
• Acts 19:3-4 : 3 So Paul said,“Into what then were you baptized?”“Into John’s baptism,” they replied. 4 Paul said,“John baptized with a baptism of repentance, telling the people to believe in the one who was to come after him, that is, in Jesus.”
• Matt 3:1-9 : 1 The Ministry of John the Baptist In those days John the Baptist came into the wilderness of Judea proclaiming, 2 “Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is near.” 3 For he is the one about whom the prophet Isaiah had spoken:“The voice of one shouting in the wilderness,‘Prepare the way for the Lord, make his paths straight.’” 4 Now John wore clothing made from camel’s hair with a leather belt around his waist, and his diet consisted of locusts and wild honey. 5 Then people from Jerusalem, as well as all Judea and all the region around the Jordan, were going out to him, 6 and he was baptizing them in the Jordan River as they confessed their sins. 7 But when he saw many Pharisees and Sadducees coming to his baptism, he said to them,“You offspring of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the coming wrath? 8 Therefore produce fruit that proves your repentance, 9 and don’t think you can say to yourselves,‘We have Abraham as our father.’ For I tell you that God can raise up children for Abraham from these stones! 10 Even now the ax is laid at the root of the trees, and every tree that does not produce good fruit will be cut down and thrown into the fire. 11 “I baptize you with water, for repentance, but the one coming after me is more powerful than I am– I am not worthy to carry his sandals! He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire.
• Mark 1:2-8 : 2 As it is written in the prophet Isaiah,“Look, I am sending my messenger ahead of you, who will prepare your way, 3 the voice of one shouting in the wilderness,‘Prepare the way for the Lord, make his paths straight.’” 4 In the wilderness John the baptizer began preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins. 5 People from the whole Judean countryside and all of Jerusalem were going out to him, and he was baptizing them in the Jordan River as they confessed their sins. 6 John wore a garment made of camel’s hair with a leather belt around his waist, and he ate locusts and wild honey. 7 He proclaimed,“One more powerful than I am is coming after me; I am not worthy to bend down and untie the strap of his sandals. 8 I baptize you with water, but he will baptize you with the Holy Spirit.”
• Luke 1:76 : 76 And you, child, will be called the prophet of the Most High. For you will go before the Lord to prepare his ways,
• Luke 3:2-9 : 2 during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John the son of Zechariah in the wilderness. 3 He went into all the region around the Jordan River, preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins. 4 As it is written in the book of the words of the prophet Isaiah,“The voice of one shouting in the wilderness:‘Prepare the way for the Lord, make his paths straight. 5 Every valley will be filled, and every mountain and hill will be brought low, and the crooked will be made straight, and the rough ways will be made smooth, 6 and all humanity will see the salvation of God.’” 7 So John said to the crowds that came out to be baptized by him,“You offspring of vipers! Who warned you to flee from the coming wrath? 8 Therefore produce fruit that proves your repentance, and don’t begin to say to yourselves,‘We have Abraham as our father.’ For I tell you that God can raise up children for Abraham from these stones! 9 Even now the ax is laid at the root of the trees, and every tree that does not produce good fruit will be cut down and thrown into the fire.” 10 So the crowds were asking him,“What then should we do?” 11 John answered them,“The person who has two tunics must share with the person who has none, and the person who has food must do likewise.” 12 Tax collectors also came to be baptized, and they said to him,“Teacher, what should we do?” 13 He told them,“Collect no more than you are required to.” 14 Then some soldiers also asked him,“And as for us– what should we do?” He told them,“Take money from no one by violence or by false accusation, and be content with your pay.” 15 While the people were filled with anticipation and they all wondered whether perhaps John could be the Christ, 16 John answered them all,“I baptize you with water, but one more powerful than I am is coming– I am not worthy to untie the strap of his sandals. He will baptize you with the Holy Spirit and fire. 17 His winnowing fork is in his hand to clean out his threshing floor and to gather the wheat into his storehouse, but the chaff he will burn up with inextinguishable fire.” 18 And in this way, with many other exhortations, John proclaimed good news to the people. 19 But when John rebuked Herod the tetrarch because of Herodias, his brother’s wife, and because of all the evil deeds that he had done, 20 Herod added this to them all: He locked up John in prison.
• John 1:6-8 : 6 A man came, sent from God, whose name was John. 7 He came as a witness to testify about the light, so that everyone might believe through him. 8 He himself was not the light, but he came to testify about the light.
• John 1:15-18 : 15 John testified about him and shouted out,“This one was the one about whom I said,‘He who comes after me is greater than I am, because he existed before me.’” 16 For we have all received from his fullness one gracious gift after another. 17 For the law was given through Moses, but grace and truth came about through Jesus Christ. 18 No one has ever seen God. The only one, himself God, who is in closest fellowship with the Father, has made God known.
• John 3:25-36 : 25 Now a dispute came about between some of John’s disciples and a certain Jew concerning ceremonial washing. 26 So they came to John and said to him,“Rabbi, the one who was with you on the other side of the Jordan River, about whom you testified– see, he is baptizing, and everyone is flocking to him!” 27 John replied,“No one can receive anything unless it has been given to him from heaven. 28 You yourselves can testify that I said,‘I am not the Christ,’ but rather,‘I have been sent before him.’ 29 The one who has the bride is the bridegroom. The friend of the bridegroom, who stands by and listens for him, rejoices greatly when he hears the bridegroom’s voice. This then is my joy, and it is complete. 30 He must become more important while I become less important.” 31 The one who comes from above is superior to all. The one who is from the earth belongs to the earth and speaks about earthly things. The one who comes from heaven is superior to all. 32 He testifies about what he has seen and heard, but no one accepts his testimony. 33 The one who has accepted his testimony has confirmed clearly that God is truthful. 34 For the one whom God has sent speaks the words of God, for he does not give the Spirit sparingly. 35 The Father loves the Son and has placed all things under his authority. 36 The one who believes in the Son has eternal life. The one who rejects the Son will not see life, but God’s wrath remains on him.
• John 5:33-36 : 33 You have sent to John, and he has testified to the truth. 34 (I do not accept human testimony, but I say this so that you may be saved.) 35 He was a lamp that was burning and shining, and you wanted to rejoice greatly for a short time in his light. 36 “But I have a testimony greater than that from John. For the deeds that the Father has assigned me to complete– the deeds I am now doing– testify about me that the Father has sent me.