Acts 2:23

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

this man, who was handed over by the predetermined plan and foreknowledge of God, you executed by nailing him to a cross at the hands of Gentiles.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Τοῦτον, τῇ ὡρισμένῃ βουλῇ καὶ προγνώσει τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἔκδοτον λαβόντες, διὰ χειρῶν ἀνόμων προσπήξαντες ἀνείλετε:

Transliteration

Touton, by the hōrismenē boulē and prognōsei of the Theou, ekdoton labontes, through cheirōn anomōn prospēxantes aneilete:

Grammar Details

• *Touton*: accusative, masculine, singular - this one/him
• *hōrismenē*: perfect passive participle, dative, feminine, singular - having been determined/ordained
• *boulē*: dative, feminine, singular - purpose/plan/counsel
• *prognōsei*: dative, feminine, singular - foreknowledge
• *Theou*: genitive, masculine, singular - of God
• *ekdoton*: accusative, masculine, singular - delivered over/handed over
• *labontes*: aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having taken/received
• *cheirōn*: genitive, feminine, plural - hands
• *anomōn*: genitive, masculine, plural - lawless/wicked
• *prospēxantes*: aorist active participle, nominative, masculine, plural - having fastened/nailed to
• *aneilete*: aorist active indicative, 2nd person plural - you killed/put to death

Word Meanings

• *hōrismenē*: determined/ordained/appointed/fixed
• *boulē*: purpose/plan/counsel/will/design
• *prognōsei*: foreknowledge/prescience
• *ekdoton*: delivered over/handed over/betrayed
• *labontes*: taking/seizing/receiving
• *anomōn*: lawless/wicked/without law/gentiles
• *prospēxantes*: fastening/nailing to/fixing upon
• *aneilete*: killed/put to death/destroyed

Referenced Verses

• Luke 22:22 : 22 For the Son of Man is to go just as it has been determined, but woe to that man by whom he is betrayed!”
• Acts 3:18 : 18 But the things God foretold long ago through all the prophets– that his Christ would suffer– he has fulfilled in this way.
• Acts 4:28 : 28 to do as much as your power and your plan had decided beforehand would happen.
• Matt 26:24 : 24 The Son of Man will go as it is written about him, but woe to that man by whom the Son of Man is betrayed! It would be better for him if he had never been born.”
• Ps 76:10 : 10 Certainly your angry judgment upon men will bring you praise; you reveal your anger in full measure.
• Isa 46:10-11 : 10 who announces the end from the beginning and reveals beforehand what has not yet occurred, who says,‘My plan will be realized, I will accomplish what I desire,’ 11 who summons an eagle from the east, from a distant land, one who carries out my plan. Yes, I have decreed, yes, I will bring it to pass; I have formulated a plan, yes, I will carry it out.
• 1 Pet 1:20 : 20 He was foreknown before the foundation of the world but was manifested in these last times for your sake.
• Gen 50:20 : 20 As for you, you meant to harm me, but God intended it for a good purpose, so he could preserve the lives of many people, as you can see this day.
• Rev 13:8 : 8 and all those who live on the earth will worship the beast, everyone whose name has not been written since the foundation of the world in the book of life belonging to the Lamb who was killed.
• Acts 13:27 : 27 For the people who live in Jerusalem and their rulers did not recognize him, and they fulfilled the sayings of the prophets that are read every Sabbath by condemning him.
• Rom 11:33-36 : 33 Oh, the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgments and how unfathomable his ways! 34 For who has known the mind of the Lord, or who has been his counselor? 35 Or who has first given to God, that God needs to repay him? 36 For from him and through him and to him are all things. To him be glory forever! Amen.
• Dan 4:35 : 35 All the inhabitants of the earth are regarded as nothing. He does as he wishes with the army of heaven and with those who inhabit the earth. No one slaps his hand and says to him,‘What have you done?’
• Dan 9:24-27 : 24 “Seventy weeks have been determined concerning your people and your holy city to put an end to rebellion, to bring sin to completion, to atone for iniquity, to bring in perpetual righteousness, to seal up the prophetic vision, and to anoint a most holy place. 25 So know and understand: From the issuing of the command to restore and rebuild Jerusalem until an anointed one, a prince arrives, there will be a period of seven weeks and sixty-two weeks. It will again be built, with plaza and moat, but in distressful times. 26 Now after the sixty-two weeks, an anointed one will be cut off and have nothing. As for the city and the sanctuary, the people of the coming prince will destroy them. But his end will come speedily like a flood. Until the end of the war that has been decreed there will be destruction. 27 He will confirm a covenant with many for one week. But in the middle of that week he will bring sacrifices and offerings to a halt. On the wing of abominations will come one who destroys, until the decreed end is poured out on the one who destroys.”
• Luke 22:37 : 37 For I tell you that this scripture must be fulfilled in me,‘And he was counted with the transgressors.’ For what is written about me is being fulfilled.”
• Luke 24:20 : 20 and how our chief priests and leaders handed him over to be condemned to death, and crucified him.
• John 19:24 : 24 So the soldiers said to one another,“Let’s not tear it, but throw dice to see who will get it.” This took place to fulfill the scripture that says,“They divided my garments among them, and for my clothing they threw dice.” So the soldiers did these things.
• John 19:31-37 : 31 Then, because it was the day of preparation, so that the bodies should not stay on the crosses on the Sabbath(for that Sabbath was an especially important one), the Jewish leaders asked Pilate to have the victims’ legs broken and the bodies taken down. 32 So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the two men who had been crucified with Jesus, first the one and then the other. 33 But when they came to Jesus and saw that he was already dead, they did not break his legs. 34 But one of the soldiers pierced his side with a spear, and blood and water flowed out immediately. 35 And the person who saw it has testified(and his testimony is true, and he knows that he is telling the truth), so that you also may believe. 36 For these things happened so that the scripture would be fulfilled,“Not a bone of his will be broken.” 37 And again another scripture says,“They will look on the one whom they have pierced.”
• Acts 3:13-15 : 13 The God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the God of our forefathers, has glorified his servant Jesus, whom you handed over and rejected in the presence of Pilate after he had decided to release him. 14 But you rejected the Holy and Righteous One and asked that a man who was a murderer be released to you. 15 You killed the Originator of life, whom God raised from the dead. To this fact we are witnesses!
• Acts 5:30 : 30 The God of our forefathers raised up Jesus, whom you seized and killed by hanging him on a tree.
• Acts 7:52 : 52 Which of the prophets did your ancestors not persecute? They killed those who foretold long ago the coming of the Righteous One, whose betrayers and murderers you have now become!
• Acts 4:10-11 : 10 let it be known to all of you and to all the people of Israel that by the name of Jesus Christ the Nazarene whom you crucified, whom God raised from the dead, this man stands before you healthy. 11 This Jesus is the stone that was rejected by you, the builders, that has become the cornerstone.
• Matt 27:20-25 : 20 But the chief priests and the elders persuaded the crowds to ask for Barabbas and to have Jesus killed. 21 The governor asked them,“Which of the two do you want me to release for you?” And they said,“Barabbas!” 22 Pilate said to them,“Then what should I do with Jesus who is called the Christ?” They all said,“Crucify him!” 23 He asked,“Why? What wrong has he done?” But they shouted more insistently,“Crucify him!” 24 Jesus is Condemned and Mocked When Pilate saw that he could do nothing, but that instead a riot was starting, he took some water, washed his hands before the crowd and said,“I am innocent of this man’s blood. You take care of it yourselves!” 25 In reply all the people said,“Let his blood be on us and on our children!”
• Luke 24:44-46 : 44 Jesus’ Final Commission Then he said to them,“These are my words that I spoke to you while I was still with you, that everything written about me in the law of Moses and the prophets and the psalms must be fulfilled.” 45 Then he opened their minds so they could understand the scriptures, 46 and said to them,“Thus it stands written that the Christ would suffer and would rise from the dead on the third day,
• Isa 10:6-7 : 6 I sent him against a godless nation, I ordered him to attack the people with whom I was angry, to take plunder and to carry away loot, to trample them down like dirt in the streets. 7 But he does not agree with this, his mind does not reason this way, for his goal is to destroy, and to eliminate many nations.
• 1 Pet 1:2 : 2 according to the foreknowledge of God the Father by being set apart by the Spirit for obedience and for sprinkling with Jesus Christ’s blood. May grace and peace be yours in full measure!
• Acts 15:18 : 18 known from long ago.
• Rom 4:17 : 17 (as it is written,“I have made you the father of many nations”). He is our father in the presence of God whom he believed– the God who makes the dead alive and summons the things that do not yet exist as though they already do.
• 1 Pet 2:8 : 8 and a stumbling-stone and a rock to trip over. They stumble because they disobey the word, as they were destined to do.
• Jude 1:4 : 4 For certain men have secretly slipped in among you– men who long ago were marked out for the condemnation I am about to describe– ungodly men who have turned the grace of our God into a license for evil and who deny our only Master and Lord, Jesus Christ.