Deuteronomy 1:4

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

This took place after the defeat of King Sihon of the Amorites, whose capital was in Heshbon, and King Og of Bashan, whose capital was in Ashtaroth, specifically in Edrei.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

אַחֲרֵ֣י הַכֹּת֗וֹ אֵ֚ת סִיחֹן֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ הָֽאֱמֹרִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר יוֹשֵׁ֖ב בְּחֶשְׁבּ֑וֹן וְאֵ֗ת ע֚וֹג מֶ֣לֶךְ הַבָּשָׁ֔ן אֲשֶׁר־יוֹשֵׁ֥ב בְּעַשְׁתָּרֹ֖ת בְּאֶדְרֶֽעִי

Transliteration

After hakkōṯô ʾēṯ sîḥōn meleḵ hāʾĕmōrî who yōšēḇ in-ḥešbôn and-ʾēṯ ʿôg meleḵ the-bāšān who-yōšēḇ in-ʿaštārōṯ in-ʾedrêʿî

Grammar Details

• *hakkōṯô*: hiphil infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his defeating/striking
• *ʾēṯ*: direct object marker
• *sîḥōn*: proper noun - Sihon
• *meleḵ*: masculine singular construct - king of
• *hāʾĕmōrî*: proper noun with definite article - the Amorite(s)
• *yōšēḇ*: qal participle masculine singular - dwelling/sitting/residing
• *ḥešbôn*: proper noun - Heshbon
• *ʿôg*: proper noun - Og
• *bāšān*: proper noun with definite article - the Bashan
• *ʿaštārōṯ*: proper noun - Ashtaroth
• *ʾedrêʿî*: proper noun - Edrei

Word Meanings

• *hakkōṯô*: his defeating/striking/slaying
• *yōšēḇ*: dwelling/residing/living/sitting

Referenced Verses

• Num 21:21-35 : 21 The Victory over Sihon and Og Then Israel sent messengers to King Sihon of the Amorites, saying, 22 “Let us pass through your land; we will not turn aside into the fields or into the vineyards, nor will we drink water from any well, but we will go along the King’s Highway until we pass your borders.” 23 But Sihon did not permit Israel to pass through his border; he gathered all his forces together and went out against Israel into the wilderness. When he came to Jahaz, he fought against Israel. 24 But the Israelites defeated him in battle and took possession of his land from the Arnon to the Jabbok, as far as the Ammonites, for the border of the Ammonites was strongly defended. 25 So Israel took all these cities; and Israel settled in all the cities of the Amorites, in Heshbon, and in all its villages. 26 For Heshbon was the city of King Sihon of the Amorites. Now he had fought against the former king of Moab and had taken all of his land from his control, as far as the Arnon. 27 That is why those who speak in proverbs say,“Come to Heshbon, let it be built. Let the city of Sihon be established! 28 For fire went out from Heshbon, a flame from the city of Sihon. It has consumed Ar of Moab and the lords of the high places of Arnon. 29 Woe to you, Moab. You are ruined, O people of Chemosh! He has made his sons fugitives, and his daughters the prisoners of King Sihon of the Amorites. 30 We have overpowered them; Heshbon has perished as far as Dibon. We have shattered them as far as Nophah, which reaches to Medeba.” 31 So the Israelites lived in the land of the Amorites. 32 Moses sent spies to reconnoiter Jaazer, and they captured its villages and dispossessed the Amorites who were there. 33 Then they turned and went up by the road to Bashan. And King Og of Bashan and all his forces marched out against them to do battle at Edrei. 34 And the LORD said to Moses,“Do not fear him, for I have delivered him and all his people and his land into your hand. You will do to him what you did to King Sihon of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon.” 35 So they defeated Og, his sons, and all his people, until there were no survivors, and they possessed his land.
• Neh 9:22 : 22 “You gave them kingdoms and peoples, and you allocated them to every corner of the land. They inherited the land of King Sihon of Heshbon and the land of King Og of Bashan.
• Ps 135:11 : 11 Sihon, king of the Amorites, and Og, king of Bashan, and all the kingdoms of Canaan.
• Ps 136:19-20 : 19 Sihon, king of the Amorites, for his loyal love endures, 20 Og, king of Bashan, for his loyal love endures,
• Deut 2:26-3:11 : 26 Defeat of Sihon, King of Heshbon Then I sent messengers from the Kedemoth wilderness to King Sihon of Heshbon with an offer of peace: 27 “Let me pass through your land; I will keep strictly to the roadway. I will not turn aside to the right or the left. 28 Sell me food for cash so that I can eat and sell me water to drink. Just allow me to go through on foot, 29 just as the descendants of Esau who live at Seir and the Moabites who live in Ar did for me, until I cross the Jordan to the land the LORD our God is giving us.” 30 But King Sihon of Heshbon was unwilling to allow us to pass near him because the LORD our God had made him obstinate and stubborn so that he might deliver him over to you this very day. 31 The LORD said to me,“Look! I have already begun to give over Sihon and his land to you. Start right now to take his land as your possession.” 32 When Sihon and all his troops emerged to encounter us in battle at Jahaz, 33 the LORD our God delivered him over to us and we struck him down, along with his sons and everyone else. 34 At that time we seized all his cities and put every one of them under divine judgment, including even the women and children; we left no survivors. 35 We kept only the livestock and plunder from the cities for ourselves. 36 From Aroer, which is at the edge of Wadi Arnon(it is the city in the wadi), all the way to Gilead there was not a town able to resist us– the LORD our God gave them all to us. 37 However, you did not approach the land of the Ammonites, the Wadi Jabbok, the cities of the hill country, or any place else forbidden by the LORD our God. 1 Defeat of King Og of Bashan Next we set out on the route to Bashan, but King Og of Bashan and his whole army came out to meet us in battle at Edrei. 2 The LORD, however, said to me,“Don’t be afraid of him because I have already given him, his whole army, and his land to you. You will do to him exactly what you did to King Sihon of the Amorites who lived in Heshbon.” 3 So the LORD our God did indeed give over to us King Og of Bashan and his whole army and we struck them down until not a single survivor was left. 4 We captured all his cities at that time– there was not a town we did not take from them– sixty cities, all the region of Argob, the dominion of Og in Bashan. 5 All of these cities were fortified by high walls, gates, and locking bars; in addition there were a great many open villages. 6 We put all of these under divine judgment just as we had done to King Sihon of Heshbon– every occupied city, including women and children. 7 But all the livestock and plunder from the cities we kept for ourselves. 8 So at that time we took the land of the two Amorite kings in the Transjordan from Wadi Arnon to Mount Hermon 9 (the Sidonians call Hermon Sirion and the Amorites call it Senir), 10 all the cities of the plateau, all of Gilead and Bashan as far as Salecah and Edrei, cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan. 11 Only King Og of Bashan was left of the remaining Rephaites.(It is noteworthy that his sarcophagus was made of iron. Does it not, indeed, still remain in Rabbath of the Ammonites? It is thirteen and a half feet long and six feet wide according to standard measure.)
• Josh 12:2-6 : 2 King Sihon of the Amorites who lived in Heshbon and ruled from Aroer(on the edge of the Arnon Valley)– including the city in the middle of the valley and half of Gilead– all the way to the Jabbok Valley bordering Ammonite territory. 3 His kingdom included the eastern rift valley from the Sea of Kinnereth to the sea of the rift valley(the Salt Sea), including the route to Beth Jeshimoth and the area southward below the slopes of Pisgah. 4 The territory of King Og of Bashan, one of the few remaining Rephaites, who lived in Ashtaroth and Edrei 5 and ruled over Mount Hermon, Salecah, all of Bashan to the border of the Geshurites and Maacathites, and half of Gilead as far as the border of King Sihon of Heshbon. 6 Moses the LORD’s servant and the Israelites defeated them and Moses the LORD’s servant assigned their land to Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh.
• Josh 13:10-12 : 10 and all the cities of King Sihon of the Amorites who ruled in Heshbon, and ended at the Ammonite border. 11 Their territory also included Gilead, Geshurite and Maacathite territory, all Mount Hermon, and all Bashan to Salecah– 12 the whole kingdom of Og in Bashan, who ruled in Ashtaroth and Edrei.(He was one of the few remaining Rephaites.) Moses defeated them and took their lands.