Genesis 49:8

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

Judah, your brothers will praise you. Your hand will be on the neck of your enemies, your father’s sons will bow down before you.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

יְהוּדָ֗ה אַתָּה֙ יוֹד֣וּךָ אַחֶ֔יךָ יָדְךָ֖ בְּעֹ֣רֶף אֹיְבֶ֑יךָ יִשְׁתַּחֲוּ֥וּ לְךָ֖ בְּנֵ֥י אָבִֽיךָ

Transliteration

yəhûdāh ʾattāh yôdûkā ʾaḥeykā yādəkā in-ʿōrep ʾōybeykā yištaḥăwû to-you bənê ʾābîkā

Grammar Details

• *yəhûdāh*: proper noun, masculine singular - Judah
• *ʾattāh*: personal pronoun 2nd masculine singular - you
• *yôdûkā*: Hiphil imperfect 3rd masculine plural with 2nd masculine singular suffix - they will praise you
• *ʾaḥeykā*: noun masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your brothers
• *yādəkā*: noun feminine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand
• *ʿōrep*: noun masculine singular construct - neck of
• *ʾōybeykā*: Qal participle masculine plural construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your enemies
• *yištaḥăwû*: Hishtaphel imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will bow down
• *bənê*: noun masculine plural construct - sons of
• *ʾābîkā*: noun masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your father

Word Meanings

• *yôdûkā*: they will praise/thank/acknowledge you
• *ʿōrep*: neck/back of neck
• *yištaḥăwû*: they will bow down/prostrate themselves/worship

Referenced Verses

• 1 Chr 5:2 : 2 Though Judah was the strongest among his brothers and a leader descended from him, the right of the firstborn belonged to Joseph.)
• Heb 7:14 : 14 For it is clear that our Lord is descended from Judah, yet Moses said nothing about priests in connection with that tribe.
• Gen 27:29 : 29 May peoples serve you and nations bow down to you. You will be lord over your brothers, and the sons of your mother will bow down to you. May those who curse you be cursed, and those who bless you be blessed.”
• Gen 29:35 : 35 She became pregnant again and had another son. She said,“This time I will praise the LORD.”That is why she named him Judah. Then she stopped having children.
• Deut 33:7 : 7 Blessing on Judah And this is the blessing to Judah. He said, Listen, O LORD, to Judah’s voice, and bring him to his people. May his power be great, and may you help him against his foes.
• Josh 10:24 : 24 When they brought the kings out to Joshua, he summoned all the men of Israel and said to the commanders of the troops who accompanied him,“Come here and put your feet on the necks of these kings.” So they came up and put their feet on their necks.
• Judg 1:1-2 : 1 ¶ Judah Takes the Lead After Joshua died, the Israelites asked the LORD,“Who should lead the invasion against the Canaanites and launch the attack?” 2 The LORD said,“The men of Judah should take the lead. Be sure of this! I am handing the land over to them.”
• Judg 20:18 : 18 The Israelites went up to Bethel and asked God,“Who should lead the charge against the Benjaminites?” The LORD said,“Judah should lead.”
• 2 Sam 5:3 : 3 When all the leaders of Israel came to the king at Hebron, King David made an agreement with them in Hebron before the LORD. They designated David as king over Israel.
• 2 Sam 22:41 : 41 You make my enemies retreat; I destroy those who hate me.
• 2 Sam 24:9 : 9 Joab reported the number of warriors to the king. In Israel there were 800,000 sword-wielding warriors, and in Judah there were 500,000 soldiers.
• 1 Kgs 4:1-9 : 1 Solomon’s Royal Court and Administrators King Solomon ruled over all Israel. 2 These were his officials:Azariah son of Zadok was the priest. 3 Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, wrote down what happened. Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was in charge of the records. 4 Benaiah son of Jehoiada was commander of the army.Zadok and Abiathar were priests. 5 Azariah son of Nathan was supervisor of the district governors.Zabud son of Nathan was a priest and adviser to the king. 6 Ahishar was supervisor of the palace. Adoniram son of Abda was supervisor of the work crews. 7 Solomon had twelve district governors appointed throughout Israel who acquired supplies for the king and his palace. Each was responsible for one month in the year. 8 These were their names:Ben Hur was in charge of the hill country of Ephraim. 9 Ben Deker was in charge of Makaz, Shaalbim, Beth Shemesh, and Elon Beth Hanan. 10 Ben Hesed was in charge of Arubboth; he controlled Socoh and all the territory of Hepher. 11 Ben Abinadab was in charge of Naphath Dor.(He was married to Solomon’s daughter Taphath.) 12 Baana son of Ahilud was in charge of Taanach and Megiddo, as well as all of Beth Shean next to Zarethan below Jezreel, from Beth Shean to Abel Meholah and on past Jokmeam. 13 Ben Geber was in charge of Ramoth Gilead; he controlled the villages of Jair son of Manasseh in Gilead, as well as the region of Argob in Bashan, including sixty large walled cities with bronze bars locking their gates. 14 Ahinadab son of Iddo was in charge of Mahanaim. 15 Ahimaaz was in charge of Naphtali.(He married Solomon’s daughter Basemath.) 16 Baana son of Hushai was in charge of Asher and Aloth. 17 Jehoshaphat son of Paruah was in charge of Issachar. 18 Shimei son of Ela was in charge of Benjamin. 19 Geber son of Uri was in charge of the land of Gilead(the territory which had once belonged to King Sihon of the Amorites and to King Og of Bashan). He was sole governor of the area. 20 Solomon’s Wealth and Fame The people of Judah and Israel were as innumerable as the sand on the seashore; they had plenty to eat and drink and were happy. 21 (5:1) Solomon ruled all the kingdoms from the Euphrates River to the land of the Philistines, as far as the border of Egypt. These kingdoms paid tribute as Solomon’s subjects throughout his lifetime. 22 Each day Solomon’s royal court consumed thirty cors of finely milled flour, sixty cors of cereal, 23 ten calves fattened in the stall, twenty calves from the pasture, and a hundred sheep, not to mention rams, gazelles, deer, and well-fed birds. 24 His royal court was so large because he ruled over all the kingdoms west of the Euphrates River from Tiphsah to Gaza; he was at peace with all his neighbors. 25 All the people of Judah and Israel had security; everyone from Dan to Beer Sheba enjoyed the produce of their vines and fig trees throughout Solomon’s lifetime. 26 Solomon had 4,000 stalls for his chariot horses and 12,000 horses. 27 The district governors acquired supplies for King Solomon and all who ate in his royal palace. Each was responsible for one month in the year; they made sure nothing was lacking. 28 Each one also brought to the assigned location his quota of barley and straw for the various horses. 29 God gave Solomon wisdom and very great discernment; the breadth of his understanding was as infinite as the sand on the seashore. 30 Solomon was wiser than all the men of the east and all the sages of Egypt. 31 He was wiser than any man, including Ethan the Ezrahite or Heman, Calcol, and Darda, the sons of Mahol. He was famous in all the neighboring nations. 32 He composed 3,000 proverbs and 1,005 songs. 33 He produced manuals on botany, describing every kind of plant, from the cedars of Lebanon to the hyssop that grows on walls. He also produced manuals on biology, describing animals, birds, insects, and fish. 34 People from all nations came to hear Solomon’s display of wisdom; they came from all the kings of the earth who heard about his wisdom.
• Gen 37:7-9 : 7 There we were, binding sheaves of grain in the middle of the field. Suddenly my sheaf rose up and stood upright and your sheaves surrounded my sheaf and bowed down to it!” 8 Then his brothers asked him,“Do you really think you will rule over us or have dominion over us?” They hated him even more because of his dream and because of what he said. 9 Then he had another dream, and told it to his brothers.“Look,” he said.“I had another dream. The sun, the moon, and eleven stars were bowing down to me.” 10 When he told his father and his brothers, his father rebuked him, saying,“What is this dream that you had? Will I, your mother, and your brothers really come and bow down to you?”
• Gen 42:6 : 6 Now Joseph was the ruler of the country, the one who sold grain to all the people of the country. Joseph’s brothers came and bowed down before him with their faces to the ground.
• Gen 44:18-34 : 18 Then Judah approached him and said,“My lord, please allow your servant to speak a word with you. Please do not get angry with your servant, for you are just like Pharaoh. 19 My lord asked his servants,‘Do you have a father or a brother?’ 20 We said to my lord,‘We have an aged father, and there is a young boy who was born when our father was old. The boy’s brother is dead. He is the only one of his mother’s sons left, and his father loves him.’ 21 “Then you told your servants,‘Bring him down to me so I can see him.’ 22 We said to my lord,‘The boy cannot leave his father. If he leaves his father, his father will die.’ 23 But you said to your servants,‘If your youngest brother does not come down with you, you will not see my face again.’ 24 When we returned to your servant my father, we told him the words of my lord. 25 “Then our father said,‘Go back and buy us a little food.’ 26 But we replied,‘We cannot go down there. If our youngest brother is with us, then we will go, for we won’t be permitted to see the man’s face if our youngest brother is not with us.’ 27 “Then your servant my father said to us,‘You know that my wife gave me two sons. 28 The first disappeared and I said,“He has surely been torn to pieces.” I have not seen him since. 29 If you take this one from me too and an accident happens to him, then you will bring down my gray hair in tragedy to the grave.’ 30 “So now, when I return to your servant my father, and the boy is not with us– his very life is bound up in his son’s life. 31 When he sees the boy is not with us, he will die, and your servants will bring down the gray hair of your servant our father in sorrow to the grave. 32 Indeed, your servant pledged security for the boy with my father, saying,‘If I do not bring him back to you, then I will bear the blame before my father all my life.’ 33 “So now, please let your servant remain as my lord’s slave instead of the boy. As for the boy, let him go back with his brothers. 34 For how can I go back to my father if the boy is not with me? I couldn’t bear to see my father’s pain.”
• Gen 46:12 : 12 The sons of Judah: Er, Onan, Shelah, Perez, and Zerah(but Er and Onan died in the land of Canaan). The sons of Perez were Hezron and Hamul.
• Num 1:27 : 27 Those of them who were numbered from the tribe of Judah were 74,600.
• Num 10:14 : 14 The standard of the camp of the Judahites set out first according to their companies, and over his company was Nahshon son of Amminadab.
• Num 26:22 : 22 These were the families of Judah according to those numbered of them, 76,500.
• Heb 10:13 : 13 where he is now waiting until his enemies are made a footstool for his feet.
• Rev 5:5 : 5 Then one of the elders said to me,“Stop weeping! Look, the Lion of the tribe of Judah, the root of David, has conquered; thus he can open the scroll and its seven seals.”
• Rev 11:15 : 15 The Seventh Trumpet Then the seventh angel blew his trumpet, and there were loud voices in heaven saying:“The kingdom of the world has become the kingdom of our Lord and of his Christ, and he will reign for ever and ever.”
• 1 Chr 12:1-9 : 1 Warriors Who Joined David at Ziklag These were the men who joined David in Ziklag, when he was banished from the presence of Saul son of Kish.(They were among the warriors who assisted him in battle. 2 They were armed with bows and could shoot arrows or sling stones right or left-handed. They were fellow tribesmen of Saul from Benjamin.) These were: 3 Ahiezer, the leader, and Joash, the sons of Shemaah the Gibeathite; Jeziel and Pelet, the sons of Azmaveth; Berachah,Jehu the Anathothite, 4 Ishmaiah the Gibeonite, one of the thirty warriors and their leader,(12:5) Jeremiah,Jahaziel,Johanan,Jozabad the Gederathite, 5 (12:6) Eluzai,Jerimoth,Bealiah,Shemariah,Shephatiah the Haruphite, 6 Elkanah, Isshiah, Azarel, Joezer, and Jashobeam, who were Korahites, 7 and Joelah and Zebadiah, the sons of Jeroham from Gedor. 8 Some of the Gadites joined David at the stronghold in the wilderness. They were warriors who were trained for battle; they carried shields and spears. They were as fierce as lions and could run as quickly as gazelles across the hills. 9 Ezer was the leader, Obadiah the second in command, Eliab the third, 10 Mishmannah the fourth, Jeremiah the fifth, 11 Attai the sixth, Eliel the seventh, 12 Johanan the eighth, Elzabad the ninth, 13 Jeremiah the tenth, and Machbannai the eleventh. 14 These Gadites were military leaders; the least led a hundred men, the greatest a thousand. 15 They crossed the Jordan River in the first month, when it was overflowing its banks, and routed those living in all the valleys to the east and west. 16 Some from Benjamin and Judah also came to David’s stronghold. 17 David went out to meet them and said,“If you come to me in peace and want to help me, then I will make an alliance with you. But if you come to betray me to my enemies when I have not harmed you, may the God of our ancestors take notice and judge!” 18 But a spirit empowered Amasai, the leader of the thirty warriors, and he said:“We are yours, O David! We support you, O son of Jesse! May you greatly prosper! May those who help you prosper! Indeed your God helps you!”So David accepted them and made them leaders of raiding bands. 19 Some men from Manasseh joined David when he went with the Philistines to fight against Saul.(But in the end they did not help the Philistines because, after taking counsel, the Philistine lords sent David away, saying:“It would be disastrous for us if he deserts to his master Saul.”) 20 When David went to Ziklag, the men of Manasseh who joined him were Adnach, Jozabad, Jediael, Michael, Jozabad, Elihu, and Zillethai, leaders of a thousand soldiers each in the tribe of Manasseh. 21 They helped David fight against raiding bands, for all of them were warriors and leaders in the army. 22 Each day men came to help David until his army became very large. 23 Support for David in Hebron The following is a record of the armed warriors who came with their leaders and joined David in Hebron in order to make David king in Saul’s place, in accordance with the LORD’s decree: 24 From Judah came 6,800 trained warriors carrying shields and spears. 25 From Simeon there were 7,100 warriors. 26 From Levi there were 4,600. 27 Jehoiada, the leader of Aaron’s descendants, brought 3,700 men with him, 28 along with Zadok, a young warrior, and twenty-two leaders from his family. 29 From Benjamin, Saul’s tribe, there were 3,000, most of whom, up to that time, had been loyal to Saul. 30 From Ephraim there were 20,800 warriors, who had brought fame to their families. 31 From the half-tribe of Manasseh there were 18,000 who had been designated by name to come and make David king. 32 From Issachar there were 200 leaders and all their relatives at their command– they understood the times and knew what Israel should do. 33 From Zebulun there were 50,000 warriors who were prepared for battle, equipped with all kinds of weapons, and ready to give their undivided loyalty. 34 From Naphtali there were 1,000 officers, along with 37,000 men carrying shields and spears. 35 From Dan there were 28,600 men prepared for battle. 36 From Asher there were 40,000 warriors prepared for battle. 37 From the other side of the Jordan, from Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh, there were 120,000 men armed with all kinds of weapons. 38 All these men were warriors who were ready to march. They came to Hebron to make David king over all Israel by acclamation; all the rest of the Israelites also were in agreement that David should become king. 39 They spent three days feasting there with David, for their relatives had given them provisions. 40 Also their neighbors, from as far away as Issachar, Zebulun, and Naphtali, were bringing food on donkeys, camels, mules, and oxen. There were large supplies of flour, fig cakes, raisins, wine, olive oil, beef, and lamb, for Israel was celebrating.
• 2 Chr 11:12-17 : 12 In each city there were shields and spears; he strongly fortified them. Judah and Benjamin belonged to him. 13 The priests and Levites who lived throughout Israel supported him, no matter where they resided. 14 The Levites even left their pasturelands and their property behind and came to Judah and Jerusalem, for Jeroboam and his sons prohibited them from serving as the LORD’s priests. 15 Jeroboam appointed his own priests to serve at the worship centers and to lead in the worship of the goat idols and calf idols he had made. 16 Those among all the Israelite tribes who were determined to worship the LORD God of Israel followed them to Jerusalem to sacrifice to the LORD God of their ancestors. 17 They supported the kingdom of Judah and were loyal to Rehoboam son of Solomon for three years; they followed the edicts of David and Solomon for three years.
• 2 Chr 14:8 : 8 Asa had an army of 300,000 men from Judah, equipped with large shields and spears. He also had 280,000 men from Benjamin who carried small shields and were adept archers; they were all skilled warriors.
• 2 Chr 15:9 : 9 He assembled all Judah and Benjamin, as well as the settlers from Ephraim, Manasseh, and Simeon who had come to live with them. Many people from Israel had come there to live when they saw that the LORD his God was with him.
• 2 Chr 17:2 : 2 He placed troops in all of Judah’s fortified cities and posted garrisons throughout the land of Judah and in the cities of Ephraim that his father Asa had seized.
• 2 Chr 17:14-16 : 14 These were their divisions by families: There were a thousand officers from Judah. Adnah the commander led 300,000 skilled warriors, 15 Jehochanan the commander led 280,000. 16 and Amasiah son of Zikri, who volunteered to serve the LORD, led 200,000 skilled warriors.
• 2 Chr 30:11 : 11 But some men from Asher, Manasseh, and Zebulun humbled themselves and came to Jerusalem.
• Ps 18:40-43 : 40 You make my enemies retreat; I destroy those who hate me. 41 They cry out, but there is no one to help them; they cry out to the LORD, but he does not answer them. 42 I grind them as fine windblown dust; I beat them underfoot like clay in the streets. 43 You rescue me from a hostile army; you make me a leader of nations; people over whom I had no authority are now my subjects.
• Ps 76:1 : 1 For the music director; to be accompanied by stringed instruments; a psalm of Asaph, a song. God has revealed himself in Judah; in Israel his reputation is great.
• Ps 78:68-71 : 68 He chose the tribe of Judah, and Mount Zion, which he loves. 69 He made his sanctuary as enduring as the heavens above; as secure as the earth, which he established permanently. 70 He chose David, his servant, and took him from the sheepfolds. 71 He took him away from following the mother sheep, and made him the shepherd of Jacob, his people, and of Israel, his chosen nation.
• Isa 9:7 : 7 His dominion will be vast and he will bring immeasurable prosperity. He will rule on David’s throne and over David’s kingdom, establishing it and strengthening it by promoting justice and fairness, from this time forward and forevermore. The zeal of the LORD of Heaven’s Armies will accomplish this.
• Ezek 21:29 : 29 while seeing false visions for you and reading lying omens for you– to place that sword on the necks of the profane wicked, whose day has come, the time of final punishment.
• Phil 2:10-11 : 10 so that at the name of Jesus every knee will bow– in heaven and on earth and under the earth– 11 and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord to the glory of God the Father.