Obadiah 1:1

NET Bible® (New English Translation)

¶ God’s Judgment on Edom The vision that Obadiah saw. The Sovereign LORD says this concerning Edom: Edom’s Approaching Destruction We have heard a report from the LORD. An envoy was sent among the nations, saying,“Arise! Let us make war against Edom!”

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

חֲז֖וֹן עֹֽבַדְיָ֑ה כֹּֽה־אָמַר֩ אֲדֹנָ֨י יְהוִ֜ה לֶאֱד֗וֹם שְׁמוּעָ֨ה שָׁמַ֜עְנוּ מֵאֵ֤ת יְהוָה֙ וְצִיר֙ בַּגּוֹיִ֣ם שֻׁלָּ֔ח ק֛וּמוּ וְנָק֥וּמָה עָלֶיהָ לַמִּלְחָמָֽה

Transliteration

ḥăzôn ʿōbadyāh thus ʾāmar ʾădōnāy YHWH to-ʾĕdôm šĕmûʿāh šāmaʿnû from YHWH wĕ-ṣîr in-the-gôyim šullaḥ qûmû wĕ-nāqûmāh against-her to-the-milḥāmāh

Grammar Details

• *ḥăzôn*: construct state, masculine singular - vision/revelation of
• *ʿōbadyāh*: proper name, masculine - Obadiah
• *ʾāmar*: perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said/spoke
• *ʾădōnāy*: noun, masculine plural construct with 1st person suffix - my Lord
• *YHWH*: proper name - LORD/Yahweh
• *ʾĕdôm*: proper noun - Edom
• *šĕmûʿāh*: noun, feminine singular - report/news/message
• *šāmaʿnû*: perfect, 1st person plural - we have heard
• *wĕ*-: conjunction - and
• *ṣîr*: noun, masculine singular - messenger/envoy
• *gôyim*: noun, masculine plural - nations/gentiles
• *šullaḥ*: pual perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was sent
• *qûmû*: imperative, masculine plural - arise/stand up
• *nāqûmāh*: cohortative, 1st person plural - let us arise
• *milḥāmāh*: noun, feminine singular - war/battle

Word Meanings

• *ḥăzôn*: vision/revelation/prophecy
• *ʿōbadyāh*: servant of Yahweh (meaning of name)
• *ʾădōnāy*: Lord/master/sovereign
• *ʾĕdôm*: Edom (nation descended from Esau)
• *šĕmûʿāh*: report/news/rumor/message
• *ṣîr*: messenger/envoy/ambassador
• *gôyim*: nations/gentiles/peoples
• *šullaḥ*: was sent/dispatched
• *milḥāmāh*: war/battle/conflict

Referenced Verses

• Isa 63:1-6 : 1 The Victorious Divine Warrior Who is this who comes from Edom, dressed in bright red, coming from Bozrah? Who is this one wearing royal attire, who marches confidently because of his great strength?“It is I, the one who announces vindication, and who is able to deliver!” 2 Why are your clothes red? Why do you look like someone who has stomped on grapes in a vat? 3 “I have stomped grapes in the winepress all by myself; no one from the nations joined me. I stomped on them in my anger; I trampled them down in my rage. Their juice splashed on my garments, and stained all my clothes. 4 For I looked forward to the day of vengeance, and then payback time arrived. 5 I looked, but there was no one to help; I was shocked because there was no one offering support. So my right arm accomplished deliverance; my raging anger drove me on. 6 I trampled nations in my anger, I made them drunk in my rage, I splashed their blood on the ground.”
• Ezek 25:12-14 : 12 A Prophecy Against Edom“This is what the Sovereign LORD says:‘Edom has taken vengeance against the house of Judah; they have made themselves fully culpable by taking vengeance on them. 13 So this is what the Sovereign LORD says: I will stretch out my hand against Edom, and I will kill the people and animals within her, and I will make her desolate; from Teman to Dedan they will die by the sword. 14 I will exact my vengeance upon Edom by the hand of my people Israel. They will carry out in Edom my anger and rage; they will experience my vengeance, declares the Sovereign LORD.’”
• Amos 1:11-12 : 11 This is what the LORD says:“Because Edom has committed three crimes– make that four!– I will not revoke my decree of judgment. He chased his brother with a sword; he wiped out his allies. In his anger he tore them apart without stopping to rest; in his fury he relentlessly attacked them. 12 So I will set Teman on fire; fire will consume Bozrah’s fortresses.”
• Ezek 35:3-9 : 3 Say to it,‘This is what the Sovereign LORD says:“‘Look, I am against you, Mount Seir; I will stretch out my hand against you and turn you into a desolate ruin. 4 I will lay waste your cities; and you will become desolate. Then you will know that I am the LORD! 5 “‘You have shown unrelenting hostility and poured the people of Israel onto the blades of a sword at the time of their calamity, at the time of their final punishment. 6 Therefore, as surely as I live, declares the Sovereign LORD, I will subject you to bloodshed, and bloodshed will pursue you. Since you did not hate bloodshed, bloodshed will pursue you. 7 I will turn Mount Seir into a desolate ruin; I will cut off from it the one who passes through or returns. 8 I will fill its mountains with its dead; on your hills and in your valleys and in all your ravines, those killed by the sword will fall. 9 I will turn you into a perpetual desolation, and your cities will not be inhabited. Then you will know that I am the LORD. 10 “‘You said,“These two nations, these two lands will be mine, and we will possess them,”– although the LORD was there– 11 therefore, as surely as I live, declares the Sovereign LORD, I will deal with you according to your anger, and according to your envy, by which you acted spitefully against them. I will reveal myself to them when I judge you. 12 Then you will know that I, the LORD, have heard all the insults you spoke against the mountains of Israel, saying,“They are desolate, they have been given to us for food.” 13 You exalted yourselves against me with your speech and hurled many insults against me– I have heard them all! 14 This is what the Sovereign LORD says: While the whole earth rejoices, I will turn you into a desolation. 15 As you rejoiced over the inheritance of the house of Israel because it was desolate, so will I deal with you– you will be desolate, Mount Seir, and all of Edom– all of it! Then they will know that I am the LORD.’”
• Joel 3:19 : 19 Egypt will be desolate and Edom will be a desolate wilderness, because of the violence they did to the people of Judah, in whose land they shed innocent blood.
• Ps 137:7 : 7 Remember, O LORD, what the Edomites did on the day Jerusalem fell. They said,“Tear it down, tear it down, right to its very foundation!”
• Isa 21:11 : 11 Bad News for Seir This is an oracle about Dumah: Someone calls to me from Seir,“Watchman, what is left of the night? Watchman, what is left of the night?”
• Isa 30:4 : 4 Though his officials are in Zoan and his messengers arrive at Hanes,
• Isa 34:1-9 : 1 The Lord Will Judge Edom Come near, you nations, and listen! Pay attention, you people! The earth and everything it contains must listen, the world and everything that lives in it. 2 For the LORD is angry at all the nations and furious with all their armies. He will annihilate them and slaughter them. 3 Their slain will be left unburied, their corpses will stink; the hills will soak up their blood. 4 All the stars in the sky will fade away, the sky will roll up like a scroll; all its stars will wither, like a leaf withers and falls from a vine or a fig withers and falls from a tree. 5 He says,“Indeed, my sword has slaughtered heavenly powers. Look, it now descends on Edom, on the people I will annihilate in judgment.” 6 The LORD’s sword is dripping with blood, it is covered with fat; it drips with the blood of young rams and goats and is covered with the fat of rams’ kidneys. For the LORD is holding a sacrifice in Bozrah, a bloody slaughter in the land of Edom. 7 Wild oxen will be slaughtered along with them, as well as strong bulls. Their land is drenched with blood, their soil is covered with fat. 8 For the LORD has planned a day of revenge, a time when he will repay Edom for her hostility toward Zion. 9 Edom’s streams will be turned into pitch and her soil into brimstone; her land will become burning pitch. 10 Night and day it will burn; its smoke will ascend continually. Generation after generation it will be a wasteland and no one will ever pass through it again. 11 Owls and wild animals will live there, all kinds of wild birds will settle in it. The LORD will stretch out over her the measuring line of ruin and the plumb line of destruction. 12 Her nobles will have nothing left to call a kingdom and all her officials will disappear. 13 Her fortresses will be overgrown with thorns; thickets and weeds will grow in her fortified cities. Jackals will settle there; ostriches will live there. 14 Wild animals and wild dogs will congregate there; wild goats will bleat to one another. Yes, nocturnal animals will rest there and make for themselves a nest. 15 Owls will make nests and lay eggs there; they will hatch them and protect them. Yes, hawks will gather there, each with its mate. 16 Carefully read the scroll of the LORD! Not one of these creatures will be missing, none will lack a mate. For the LORD has issued the decree, and his own spirit gathers them. 17 He assigns them their allotment; he measures out their assigned place. They will live there permanently; they will settle in it through successive generations.
• Jer 6:4-5 : 4 They will say,‘Prepare to do battle against it! Come on! Let’s attack it at noon!’ But later they will say,‘Woe to us! For the day is almost over and the shadows of evening are getting long. 5 So come on, let’s go ahead and attack it by night and destroy all its fortified buildings.’
• Mal 1:3-4 : 3 and rejected Esau. I turned Esau’s mountains into a deserted wasteland and gave his territory to the wild jackals.” 4 Edom says,“Though we are devastated, we will once again build the ruined places.” So the LORD of Heaven’s Armies responds,“They indeed may build, but I will overthrow. They will be known as the land of evil, the people with whom the LORD is permanently displeased.
• Matt 24:6 : 6 You will hear of wars and rumors of wars. Make sure that you are not alarmed, for this must happen, but the end is still to come.
• Mark 13:7 : 7 When you hear of wars and rumors of wars, do not be alarmed. These things must happen, but the end is still to come.
• Jer 9:25-26 : 25 The LORD says,“Watch out! The time is soon coming when I will punish all those who are circumcised only in the flesh. 26 That is, I will punish the Egyptians, the Judeans, the Edomites, the Ammonites, the Moabites, and all the desert people who cut their hair short at the temples. I will do so because none of the people of those nations are really circumcised in the LORD’s sight. Moreover, none of the people of Israel are circumcised when it comes to their hearts.”
• Jer 25:17 : 17 So I took the cup from the LORD’s hand. I made all the nations to whom he sent me drink the wine of his wrath.
• Jer 25:21 : 21 all the people of Edom, Moab, Ammon;
• Jer 49:7-9 : 7 Judgment Against Edom The LORD of Heaven’s Armies spoke about Edom.“Is wisdom no longer to be found in Teman? Can Edom’s counselors not give her any good advice? Has all of their wisdom turned bad? 8 Turn and flee! Take up refuge in remote places, you people who live in Dedan. For I will bring disaster on the descendants of Esau. I have decided it is time for me to punish them. 9 If grape pickers came to pick your grapes, would they not leave a few grapes behind? If robbers came at night, would they not pillage only what they needed? 10 But I will strip everything away from Esau’s descendants. I will uncover their hiding places so they cannot hide. Their children, relatives, and neighbors will all be destroyed. Not one of them will be left! 11 Leave your orphans behind and I will keep them alive. Your widows too can depend on me.” 12 For the LORD says,“If even those who did not deserve to drink from the cup of my wrath must drink from it, do you think you will go unpunished? You will not go unpunished, but must certainly drink from the cup of my wrath. 13 For I solemnly swear,” says the LORD,“that Bozrah will become a pile of ruins. It will become an object of horror and ridicule, an example to be used in curses. All the towns around it will lie in ruins forever.” 14 I said,“I have heard a message from the LORD. A messenger has been sent among the nations to say,‘Gather your armies and march out against her! Prepare to do battle with her!’” 15 The LORD says to Edom,“I will certainly make you small among nations. I will make you despised by all humankind. 16 The terror you inspire in others and the arrogance of your heart have deceived you. You may make your home in the clefts of the rocks; you may occupy the highest places in the hills. But even if you made your home where the eagles nest, I would bring you down from there,” says the LORD. 17 “Edom will become an object of horror. All who pass by it will be filled with horror; they will hiss out their scorn because of all the disasters that have happened to it. 18 Edom will be destroyed like Sodom and Gomorrah and the towns that were around them. No one will live there. No human being will settle in it,” says the LORD. 19 “A lion coming up from the thick undergrowth along the Jordan scatters the sheep in the pastureland around it. So too I will chase the Edomites off their land. Then I will appoint over it whomever I choose. For there is no one like me, and there is no one who can call me to account. There is no ruler who can stand up against me. 20 So listen to what I, the LORD, have planned against Edom, what I intend to do to the people who live in Teman. Their little ones will be dragged off. I will completely destroy their land because of what they have done. 21 The people of the earth will quake when they hear of their downfall. Their cries of anguish will be heard all the way to the Gulf of Aqaba. 22 Look! Like an eagle with outspread wings, a nation will soar up and swoop down on Bozrah. At that time the soldiers of Edom will be as fearful as a woman in labor.”
• Jer 50:9-9 : 9 For I will rouse into action and bring against Babylon a host of mighty nations from the land of the north. They will set up their battle lines against her. They will come from the north and capture her. Their arrows will be like a skilled soldier who does not return from the battle empty-handed. 10 Babylonia will be plundered. Those who plunder it will take all they want,” says the LORD. 11 “People of Babylonia, you plundered my people. That made you happy and glad. You frolic about like calves in a pasture. Your joyous sounds are like the neighs of a stallion. 12 But Babylonia will be put to great shame. The land where you were born will be disgraced. Indeed, Babylonia will become the least important of all nations. It will become a dry and barren desert. 13 After I vent my wrath on it Babylon will be uninhabited. It will be totally desolate. All who pass by will be filled with horror and will hiss out their scorn because of all the disasters that have happened to it. 14 “Take up your battle positions all around Babylon, all you soldiers who are armed with bows. Shoot all your arrows at her! Do not hold any back! For she has sinned against the LORD. 15 Shout the battle cry from all around the city. She will throw up her hands in surrender. Her towers will fall. Her walls will be torn down. Because I, the LORD, am wreaking revenge, take out your vengeance on her! Do to her as she has done!
• Jer 51:27-28 : 27 “Raise up battle flags throughout the lands. Sound the trumpets calling the nations to do battle. Prepare the nations to do battle against Babylonia. Call for these kingdoms to attack her: Ararat, Minni, and Ashkenaz. Appoint a commander to lead the attack. Send horses against her like a swarm of locusts. 28 Prepare the nations to do battle against her. Prepare the kings of the Medes. Prepare their governors and all their leaders. Prepare all the countries they rule to do battle against her.
• Jer 51:46 : 46 Do not lose your courage or become afraid because of the reports that are heard in the land. For a report will come in one year. Another report will follow it in the next. There will be violence in the land with ruler fighting against ruler.”
• Lam 4:21-22 : 21 ש(Sin/Shin)The Prophet Speaks: Rejoice and be glad for now, O people of Edom, who reside in the land of Uz. But the cup of judgment will pass to you also; you will get drunk and take off your clothes. 22 ת(Tav) O people of Zion, your punishment will come to an end; he will not prolong your exile. But, O people of Edom, he will punish your sin and reveal your offenses!
• Isa 18:2-3 : 2 that sends messengers by sea, who glide over the water’s surface in boats made of papyrus. Go, you swift messengers, to a nation of tall, smooth-skinned people, to a people that are feared far and wide, to a nation strong and victorious, whose land rivers divide. 3 All you who live in the world, who reside on the earth, you will see a signal flag raised on the mountains; you will hear a trumpet being blown.
• Mic 2:13 : 13 The one who can break through barriers will lead them out they will break out, pass through the gate, and leave. Their king will advance before them, The LORD himself will lead them.