1 Kings 16:31

World English Bible (2000)

It happened, as if it had been a light thing for him to walk in the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, that he took as wife Jezebel the daughter of Ethbaal king of the Sidonians, and went and served Baal, and worshiped him.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיְהִי֙ הֲנָקֵ֣ל לֶכְתּ֔וֹ בְּחַטֹּ֖אות יָרָבְעָ֣ם בֶּן־נְבָ֑ט וַיִּקַּ֨ח אִשָּׁ֜ה אֶת־אִיזֶ֗בֶל בַּת־אֶתְבַּ֙עַל֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ צִידֹנִ֔ים וַיֵּ֙לֶךְ֙ וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֣ד אֶת־הַבַּ֔עַל וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ לֽוֹ׃

Transliteration

And wayəhî to-be-hānāqēl lekəttô in-ḥaṭṭōʾwt yārāḇəʿām son-of-nəḇāṭ and-wayyiqqaḥ woman ʾet-ʾîzeḇel daughter-of-ʾetbaʿal melek of-ṣîḏōnîm and-wayyēlek and-wayyaʿăḇōḏ ʾet-the-baʿal and-wayyištaḥû to-him

Grammar Details

• *wayəhî*: waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and it was/became
• *hānāqēl*: hiphil infinitive construct + interrogative particle - was it light/easy thing
• *lekəttô*: preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - for his walking/going
• *ḥaṭṭōʾwt*: noun feminine plural construct - sins of
• *yārāḇəʿām*: proper name - Jeroboam
• *nəḇāṭ*: proper name - Nebat
• *wayyiqqaḥ*: waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he took
• *ʾîzeḇel*: proper name - Jezebel
• *ʾetbaʿal*: proper name - Ethbaal
• *melek*: noun masculine singular construct - king of
• *ṣîḏōnîm*: proper name - Sidonians
• *wayyēlek*: waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he went
• *wayyaʿăḇōḏ*: waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he served
• *baʿal*: proper name - Baal
• *wayyištaḥû*: waw-consecutive + hishtaphel imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he bowed down/worshipped

Word Meanings

• *wayəhî*: and it happened/came to pass/was
• *hānāqēl*: was it a trivial thing/light matter
• *lekəttô*: his walking/going
• *ḥaṭṭōʾwt*: sins/offenses
• *baʿal*: lord/master/Baal [deity]

Referenced Verses

• 2 Kgs 10:18 : 18 Jehu gathered all the people together, and said to them, "Ahab served Baal a little; but Jehu will serve him much.
• 2 Kgs 17:16 : 16 They forsook all the commandments of Yahweh their God, and made them molten images, even two calves, and made an Asherah, and worshiped all the army of the sky, and served Baal.
• Judg 18:7 : 7 Then the five men departed, and came to Laish, and saw the people who were therein, how they lived in security, in the way of the Sidonians, quiet and secure; for there was none in the land, possessing authority, that might put [them] to shame in anything, and they were far from the Sidonians, and had no dealings with any man.
• 1 Kgs 21:25-26 : 25 But there was none like Ahab, who sold himself to do that which was evil in the sight of Yahweh, whom Jezebel his wife stirred up. 26 He did very abominably in following idols, according to all that the Amorites did, whom Yahweh cast out before the children of Israel.
• Deut 7:3-4 : 3 neither shall you make marriages with them; your daughter you shall not give to his son, nor shall you take his daughter for your son. 4 For he will turn away your son from following me, that they may serve other gods: so the anger of Yahweh would be kindled against you, and he would destroy you quickly.
• Judg 2:11 : 11 The children of Israel did that which was evil in the sight of Yahweh, and served the Baals;
• Judg 3:7 : 7 The children of Israel did that which was evil in the sight of Yahweh, and forgot Yahweh their God, and served the Baals and the Asheroth.
• Judg 10:6 : 6 The children of Israel again did that which was evil in the sight of Yahweh, and served the Baals, and the Ashtaroth, and the gods of Syria, and the gods of Sidon, and the gods of Moab, and the gods of the children of Ammon, and the gods of the Philistines; and they forsook Yahweh, and didn't serve him.
• Judg 10:12 : 12 The Sidonians also, and the Amalekites, and the Maonites, did oppress you; and you cried to me, and I saved you out of their hand.
• Josh 23:12-13 : 12 "But if you do at all go back, and hold fast to the remnant of these nations, even these who remain among you, and make marriages with them, and go in to them, and they to you; 13 know for a certainty that Yahweh your God will no longer drive these nations from out of your sight; but they shall be a snare and a trap to you, a scourge in your sides, and thorns in your eyes, until you perish from off this good land which Yahweh your God has given you.
• Gen 6:2 : 2 that God's sons saw that men's daughters were beautiful, and they took for themselves wives of all that they chose.
• Gen 30:15 : 15 She said to her, "Is it a small matter that you have taken away my husband? Would you take away my son's mandrakes, also?" Rachel said, "Therefore he will lie with you tonight for your son's mandrakes."
• Num 16:9 : 9 Is it a small thing to you, that the God of Israel has separated you from the congregation of Israel, to bring you near to himself, to do the service of the tabernacle of Yahweh, and to stand before the congregation to minister to them;
• Neh 13:23-29 : 23 In those days also saw I the Jews who had married women of Ashdod, of Ammon, [and] of Moab: 24 and their children spoke half in the speech of Ashdod, and could not speak in the Jews' language, but according to the language of each people. 25 I contended with them, and cursed them, and struck certain of them, and plucked off their hair, and made them swear by God, [saying], "You shall not give your daughters to their sons, nor take their daughters for your sons, or for yourselves. 26 Didn't Solomon king of Israel sin by these things? Yet among many nations was there no king like him, and he was beloved of his God, and God made him king over all Israel. Nevertheless foreign women caused even him to sin. 27 Shall we then listen to you to do all this great evil, to trespass against our God in marrying foreign women?" 28 One of the sons of Joiada, the son of Eliashib the high priest, was son-in-law to Sanballat the Horonite: therefore I chased him from me. 29 Remember them, my God, because they have defiled the priesthood, and the covenant of the priesthood, and of the Levites.
• Isa 7:13 : 13 He said, "Listen now, house of David. Is it not enough for you to try the patience of men, that you will try the patience of my God also?
• Ezek 8:17 : 17 Then he said to me, Have you seen [this], son of man? Is it a light thing to the house of Judah that they commit the abominations which they commit here? for they have filled the land with violence, and have turned again to provoke me to anger: and behold, they put the branch to their nose.
• Ezek 16:20 : 20 Moreover you have taken your sons and your daughters, whom you have borne to me, and you have sacrificed these to them to be devoured. Was your prostitution a small matter,
• Ezek 16:47 : 47 Yet have you not walked in their ways, nor done after their abominations; but, as [if that were] a very little [thing], you were more corrupt than they in all your ways.
• Ezek 34:18 : 18 Does it seem a small thing to you to have fed on the good pasture, but you must tread down with your feet the residue of your pasture? and to have drunk of the clear waters, but you must foul the residue with your feet?
• Rev 2:20 : 20 But I have this against you, that you tolerate your woman, Jezebel, who calls herself a prophetess. She teaches and seduces my servants to commit sexual immorality, and to eat things sacrificed to idols.
• 2 Kgs 9:30-37 : 30 When Jehu was come to Jezreel, Jezebel heard of it; and she painted her eyes, and attired her head, and looked out at the window. 31 As Jehu entered in at the gate, she said, "Do you come in peace, Zimri, you murderer of your master?" 32 He lifted up his face to the window, and said, "Who is on my side? Who?" Two or three eunuchs looked out at him. 33 He said, "Throw her down!" So they threw her down; and some of her blood was sprinkled on the wall, and on the horses. Then he trampled her under foot. 34 When he was come in, he ate and drink; and he said, "See now to this cursed woman, and bury her; for she is a king's daughter." 35 They went to bury her; but they found no more of her than the skull, and the feet, and the palms of her hands. 36 Therefore they came back, and told him. He said, "This is the word of Yahweh, which he spoke by his servant Elijah the Tishbite, saying, 'The dogs will eat the flesh of Jezebel on the plot of Jezreel, 37 and the body of Jezebel shall be as dung on the face of the field in the portion of Jezreel, so that they shall not say, "This is Jezebel."'"
• 1 Kgs 11:1-2 : 1 Now king Solomon loved many foreign women, together with the daughter of Pharaoh, women of the Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians, and Hittites; 2 of the nations concerning which Yahweh said to the children of Israel, "You shall not go among them, neither shall they come among you; for surely they will turn away your heart after their gods." Solomon joined to these in love.
• 1 Kgs 11:4-8 : 4 For it happened, when Solomon was old, that his wives turned away his heart after other gods; and his heart was not perfect with Yahweh his God, as was the heart of David his father. 5 For Solomon went after Ashtoreth the goddess of the Sidonians, and after Milcom the abomination of the Ammonites. 6 Solomon did that which was evil in the sight of Yahweh, and didn't go fully after Yahweh, as did David his father. 7 Then did Solomon build a high place for Chemosh the abomination of Moab, on the mountain that is before Jerusalem, and for Molech the abomination of the children of Ammon. 8 So did he for all his foreign wives, who burnt incense and sacrificed to their gods.
• 1 Kgs 18:4 : 4 for it was so, when Jezebel cut off the prophets of Yahweh, that Obadiah took one hundred prophets, and hid them by fifty in a cave, and fed them with bread and water.)
• 1 Kgs 18:19 : 19 Now therefore send, and gather to me all Israel to Mount Carmel, and four hundred fifty of the prophets of Baal, and four hundred of the prophets of the Asherah, who eat at Jezebel's table."
• 1 Kgs 19:1-2 : 1 Ahab told Jezebel all that Elijah had done, and how he had killed all the prophets with the sword. 2 Then Jezebel sent a messenger to Elijah, saying, "So let the gods do to me, and more also, if I don't make your life as the life of one of them by tomorrow about this time!"
• 1 Kgs 21:5-9 : 5 But Jezebel his wife came to him, and said to him, "Why is your spirit so sad, that you eat no bread?" 6 He said to her, "Because I spoke to Naboth the Jezreelite, and said to him, 'Give me your vineyard for money; or else, if it pleases you, I will give you another vineyard for it.' He answered, 'I will not give you my vineyard.'" 7 Jezebel his wife said to him, "Do you now govern the kingdom of Israel? Arise, and eat bread, and let your heart be merry. I will give you the vineyard of Naboth the Jezreelite." 8 So she wrote letters in Ahab's name, and sealed them with his seal, and sent the letters to the elders and to the nobles who were in his city, who lived with Naboth. 9 She wrote in the letters, saying, "Proclaim a fast, and set Naboth on high among the people. 10 Set two men, base fellows, before him, and let them testify against him, saying, 'You cursed God and the king!' Then carry him out, and stone him to death." 11 The men of his city, even the elders and the nobles who lived in his city, did as Jezebel had sent to them, according as it was written in the letters which she had sent to them. 12 They proclaimed a fast, and set Naboth on high among the people. 13 The two men, the base fellows, came in and sat before him. The base fellows testified against him, even against Naboth, in the presence of the people, saying, "Naboth cursed God and the king!" Then they carried him out of the city, and stoned him to death with stones. 14 Then they sent to Jezebel, saying, "Naboth has been stoned, and is dead."