Exodus 31:15

World English Bible (2000)

Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of solemn rest, holy to Yahweh. Whoever does any work on the Sabbath day shall surely be put to death.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

שֵׁ֣שֶׁת יָמִים֮ יֵעָשֶׂ֣ה מְלָאכָה֒ וּבַיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י שַׁבַּ֧ת שַׁבָּת֛וֹן קֹ֖דֶשׁ לַיהוָ֑ה כָּל־הָעֹשֶׂ֧ה מְלָאכָ֛ה בְּי֥וֹם הַשַׁבָּ֖ת מ֥וֹת יוּמָֽת׃

Transliteration

Six yāmîm ʿāśâ məlāʾkâ and in-the-yôm the-seventh šabbat šabbātôn qōdeš to-YHWH all-the-ʿāśâ məlāʾkâ in-yôm the-šabbāt môt mût

Grammar Details

• *yāmîm*: noun, masculine plural construct - days of
• *ʿāśâ*: qal participle, masculine singular with definite article and quantifier *kol* - all the one doing
• *məlāʾkâ*: noun, feminine singular - work
• *yôm*: noun, masculine singular construct with preposition *bə* - in day of
• *šabbat*: noun, feminine singular construct - sabbath of
• *šabbātôn*: noun, masculine singular - solemn rest
• *qōdeš*: noun, masculine singular - holiness
• *šabbāt*: noun, feminine singular with definite article - the sabbath
• *môt*: infinitive absolute - surely
• *mût*: hophal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he shall be put to death

Word Meanings

• *yāmîm*: days
• *ʿāśâ*: shall be done/shall be performed
• *məlāʾkâ*: work/labor/occupation
• *šabbat* *šabbātôn*: sabbath of complete rest/absolute sabbath
• *qōdeš*: holy/sacred/set apart
• *môt* *mût*: surely be put to death/certainly die

Referenced Verses

• Lev 23:3 : 3 "'Six days shall work be done: but on the seventh day is a Sabbath of solemn rest, a holy convocation; you shall do no kind of work. It is a Sabbath to Yahweh in all your dwellings.
• Exod 16:23 : 23 He said to them, "This is that which Yahweh has spoken, 'Tomorrow is a solemn rest, a holy Sabbath to Yahweh. Bake that which you want to bake, and boil that which you want to boil; and all that remains over lay up for yourselves to be kept until the morning.'"
• Gen 2:2 : 2 On the seventh day God finished his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made.
• Exod 34:21 : 21 "Six days you shall work, but on the seventh day you shall rest: in plowing time and in harvest you shall rest.
• Exod 35:2 : 2 'Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day there shall be a holy day for you, a Sabbath of solemn rest to Yahweh: whoever does any work in it shall be put to death.
• Exod 16:26 : 26 Six days you shall gather it, but on the seventh day is the Sabbath. In it there shall be none."
• Exod 20:8-9 : 8 "Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy. 9 You shall labor six days, and do all your work, 10 but the seventh day is a Sabbath to Yahweh your God. You shall not do any work in it, you, nor your son, nor your daughter, your male servant, nor your female servant, nor your livestock, nor your stranger who is within your gates; 11 for in six days Yahweh made heaven and earth, the sea, and all that is in them, and rested the seventh day; therefore Yahweh blessed the Sabbath day, and made it holy.
• Exod 31:14 : 14 You shall keep the Sabbath therefore; for it is holy to you. Everyone who profanes it shall surely be put to death; for whoever does any work therein, that soul shall be cut off from among his people.
• Exod 31:17 : 17 It is a sign between me and the children of Israel forever; for in six days Yahweh made heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he rested, and was refreshed.'"
• Lev 23:32 : 32 It shall be a Sabbath of solemn rest for you, and you shall deny yourselves. In the ninth day of the month at evening, from evening to evening, you shall keep your Sabbath."
• Num 15:32-36 : 32 While the children of Israel were in the wilderness, they found a man gathering sticks on the Sabbath day. 33 Those who found him gathering sticks brought him to Moses and Aaron, and to all the congregation. 34 They put him in custody, because it had not been declared what should be done to him. 35 Yahweh said to Moses, "The man shall surely be put to death: all the congregation shall stone him with stones outside of the camp." 36 All the congregation brought him outside of the camp, and stoned him to death with stones; as Yahweh commanded Moses.
• Jer 17:24-27 : 24 It shall happen, if you diligently listen to me, says Yahweh, to bring in no burden through the gates of this city on the Sabbath day, but to make the Sabbath day holy, to do no work therein; 25 then shall there enter in by the gates of this city kings and princes sitting on the throne of David, riding in chariots and on horses, they, and their princes, the men of Judah, and the inhabitants of Jerusalem; and this city shall remain forever. 26 They shall come from the cities of Judah, and from the places around Jerusalem, and from the land of Benjamin, and from the lowland, and from the hill country, and from the South, bringing burnt offerings, and sacrifices, and meal offerings, and frankincense, and bringing [sacrifices of] thanksgiving, to the house of Yahweh. 27 But if you will not listen to me to make the Sabbath day holy, and not to bear a burden and enter in at the gates of Jerusalem on the Sabbath day; then will I kindle a fire in its gates, and it shall devour the palaces of Jerusalem, and it shall not be quenched.
• Ezek 46:1 : 1 Thus says the Lord Yahweh: The gate of the inner court that looks toward the east shall be shut the six working days; but on the Sabbath day it shall be opened, and on the day of the new moon it shall be opened.
• Luke 13:14 : 14 The ruler of the synagogue, being indignant because Jesus had healed on the Sabbath, said to the multitude, "There are six days in which men ought to work. Therefore come on those days and be healed, and not on the Sabbath day!"
• Luke 23:56 : 56 They returned, and prepared spices and ointments. On the Sabbath they rested according to the commandment.
• Heb 4:9 : 9 There remains therefore a Sabbath rest for the people of God.