Leviticus 26:31

World English Bible (2000)

I will lay your cities waste, and will bring your sanctuaries to desolation, and I will not take delight in the sweet fragrance of your offerings.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וְנָתַתִּ֤י אֶת־עָֽרֵיכֶם֙ חָרְבָּ֔ה וַהֲשִׁמּוֹתִ֖י אֶת־מִקְדְּשֵׁיכֶ֑ם וְלֹ֣א אָרִ֔יחַ בְּרֵ֖יחַ נִיחֹֽחֲכֶֽם׃

Transliteration

And wə-nāṯattî ʾet-ʿārêḵem ḥorḇâ and wa-hăšimmôṯî ʾet-miqdəšêḵem and wə-lōʾ ʾārîaḥ in bə-rêaḥ nîḥōḥăḵem.

Grammar Details

• *wə-nāṯattî*: conjunction + Qal perfect 1st person singular - and I will make
• *ʾet*: direct object marker
• *ʿārêḵem*: feminine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your cities
• *ḥorḇâ*: feminine singular noun - waste/desolation
• *wa-hăšimmôṯî*: conjunction + Hiphil perfect 1st person singular - and I will make desolate
• *miqdəšêḵem*: masculine plural noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your sanctuaries
• *wə-lōʾ*: conjunction + negative particle - and not
• *ʾārîaḥ*: Hiphil imperfect 1st person singular - I will smell
• *bə-rêaḥ*: preposition + masculine singular construct - in odor of
• *nîḥōḥăḵem*: masculine singular noun with 2nd person masculine plural suffix - your pleasing (offerings)

Word Meanings

• *nāṯattî*: give/make/set
• *ʿārêḵem*: your cities/towns
• *ḥorḇâ*: waste/ruin/desolation
• *hăšimmôṯî*: make desolate/lay waste
• *miqdəšêḵem*: your sanctuaries/holy places
• *ʾārîaḥ*: smell/perceive odor
• *rêaḥ*: odor/scent/smell
• *nîḥōḥăḵem*: your pleasant/sweet/pleasing (offerings)

Referenced Verses

• Neh 2:3 : 3 I said to the king, "Let the king live forever! Why shouldn't my face be sad, when the city, the place of my fathers' tombs, lies waste, and its gates have been consumed with fire?"
• 2 Kgs 25:4-9 : 4 Then a breach was made in the city, and all the men of war [fled] by night by the way of the gate between the two walls, which was by the king's garden (now the Chaldeans were against the city around it); and [the king] went by the way of the Arabah. 5 But the army of the Chaldeans pursued after the king, and overtook him in the plains of Jericho; and all his army was scattered from him. 6 Then they took the king, and carried him up to the king of Babylon to Riblah; and they gave judgment on him. 7 They killed the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes, and put out the eyes of Zedekiah, and bound him in fetters, and carried him to Babylon. 8 Now in the fifth month, on the seventh day of the month, which was the nineteenth year of king Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, came Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard, a servant of the king of Babylon, to Jerusalem. 9 He burnt the house of Yahweh, and the king's house; and all the houses of Jerusalem, even every great house, burnt he with fire. 10 All the army of the Chaldeans, who were [with] the captain of the guard, broke down the walls around Jerusalem.
• Isa 1:11-14 : 11 "What are the multitude of your sacrifices to me?," says Yahweh. "I have had enough of the burnt offerings of rams, and the fat of fed animals. I don't delight in the blood of bulls, or of lambs, or of male goats. 12 When you come to appear before me, who has required this at your hand, to trample my courts? 13 Bring no more vain offerings. Incense is an abomination to me; new moons, Sabbaths, and convocations: I can't bear with evil assemblies. 14 My soul hates your New Moons and your appointed feasts. They are a burden to me. I am weary of bearing them.
• Jer 4:7 : 7 A lion is gone up from his thicket, and a destroyer of nations; he is on his way, he is gone forth from his place, to make your land desolate, that your cities be laid waste, without inhabitant.
• Ezek 9:6 : 6 kill utterly the old man, the young man and the virgin, and little children and women; but don't come near any man on whom is the mark: and begin at my sanctuary. Then they began at the old men that were before the house.
• Amos 5:21-23 : 21 I hate, I despise your feasts, and I can't stand your solemn assemblies. 22 Yes, though you offer me your burnt offerings and meal offerings, I will not accept them; neither will I regard the peace offerings of your fat animals. 23 Take away from me the noise of your songs! I will not listen to the music of your harps.
• Lam 1:10 : 10 The adversary has spread out his hand on all her pleasant things: for she has seen that the nations are entered into her sanctuary, concerning whom you commanded that they should not enter into your assembly.
• Lam 2:7 : 7 The Lord has cast off his altar, he has abhorred his sanctuary; He has given up into the hand of the enemy the walls of her palaces: They have made a noise in the house of Yahweh, as in the day of a solemn assembly.
• Heb 10:26 : 26 For if we sin willfully after we have received the knowledge of the truth, there remains no more a sacrifice for sins,
• Gen 8:21 : 21 Yahweh smelled the pleasant aroma. Yahweh said in his heart, "I will not again curse the ground any more for man's sake, because the imagination of man's heart is evil from his youth; neither will I ever again strike everything living, as I have done.
• Ezek 6:6 : 6 In all your dwelling places the cities shall be laid waste, and the high places shall be desolate; that your altars may be laid waste and made desolate, and your idols may be broken and cease, and your incense altars may be cut down, and your works may be abolished.
• Mic 3:12 : 12 Therefore Zion for your sake will be plowed like a field, and Jerusalem will become heaps of rubble, and the mountain of the temple like the high places of a forest.
• Matt 24:1-2 : 1 Jesus went out from the temple, and was going on his way. His disciples came to him to show him the buildings of the temple. 2 But he answered them, "You see all of these things, don't you? Most certainly I tell you, there will not be left here one stone on another, that will not be thrown down."
• Luke 21:5-6 : 5 As some were talking about the temple and how it was decorated with beautiful stones and gifts, he said, 6 "As for these things which you see, the days will come, in which there will not be left here one stone on another that will not be thrown down."
• Luke 21:24 : 24 They will fall by the edge of the sword, and will be led captive into all the nations. Jerusalem will be trampled down by the Gentiles, until the times of the Gentiles are fulfilled.
• Acts 6:14 : 14 For we have heard him say that this Jesus of Nazareth will destroy this place, and will change the customs which Moses delivered to us."
• Ezek 21:7 : 7 It shall be, when they tell you, Why do you sigh? that you shall say, Because of the news, for it comes; and every heart shall melt, and all hands shall be feeble, and every spirit shall faint, and all knees shall be weak as water: behold, it comes, and it shall be done, says the Lord Yahweh.
• Ezek 21:15 : 15 I have set the threatening sword against all their gates, that their heart may melt, and their stumblings be multiplied: ah! it is made as lightning, it is pointed for slaughter.
• Ezek 24:21 : 21 Speak to the house of Israel, Thus says the Lord Yahweh: Behold, I will profane my sanctuary, the pride of your power, the desire of your eyes, and that which your soul pities; and your sons and your daughters whom you have left behind shall fall by the sword.
• Jer 9:11 : 11 I will make Jerusalem heaps, a dwelling place of jackals; and I will make the cities of Judah a desolation, without inhabitant.
• Jer 22:5 : 5 But if you will not hear these words, I swear by myself, says Yahweh, that this house shall become a desolation.
• Jer 26:6 : 6 then will I make this house like Shiloh, and will make this city a curse to all the nations of the earth.
• Jer 26:9 : 9 Why have you prophesied in the name of Yahweh, saying, This house shall be like Shiloh, and this city shall be desolate, without inhabitant? All the people were gathered to Jeremiah in the house of Yahweh.
• Jer 52:13 : 13 and he burned the house of Yahweh, and the king's house; and all the houses of Jerusalem, even every great house, burned he with fire.
• Lam 1:1 : 1 How the city sits solitary, that was full of people! She has become as a widow, who was great among the nations! She who was a princess among the provinces is become tributary!
• Isa 24:10-12 : 10 The confused city is broken down. Every house is shut up, that no man may come in. 11 There is a crying in the streets because of the wine. All joy is darkened. The mirth of the land is gone. 12 The city is left in desolation, and the gate is struck with destruction.
• Isa 66:3 : 3 He who kills an ox is as he who kills a man; he who sacrifices a lamb, as he who breaks a dog's neck; he who offers an offering, [as he who offers] pig's blood; he who burns frankincense, as he who blesses an idol. Yes, they have chosen their own ways, and their soul delights in their abominations:
• 2 Chr 36:19 : 19 They burnt the house of God, and broke down the wall of Jerusalem, and burnt all its palaces with fire, and destroyed all the goodly vessels of it.
• Neh 2:17 : 17 Then I said to them, "You see the evil case that we are in, how Jerusalem lies waste, and its gates are burned with fire. Come, let us build up the wall of Jerusalem, that we won't be disgraced."
• Ps 74:3-8 : 3 Lift up your feet to the perpetual ruins, all the evil that the enemy has done in the sanctuary. 4 Your adversaries have roared in the midst of your assembly. They have set up their standards as signs. 5 They behaved like men wielding axes, cutting through a thicket of trees. 6 Now they break all its carved work down with hatchet and hammers. 7 They have burned your sanctuary to the ground. They have profaned the dwelling place of your Name. 8 They said in their heart, "We will crush them completely." They have burned up all the places in the land where God was worshiped.
• Isa 1:7 : 7 Your country is desolate. Your cities are burned with fire. Strangers devour your land in your presence, and it is desolate, as overthrown by strangers.