Psalms 99:1

World English Bible (2000)

Yahweh reigns! Let the peoples tremble. He sits enthroned among the cherubim. Let the earth be moved.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

יְהוָ֣ה מָ֭לָךְ יִרְגְּז֣וּ עַמִּ֑ים יֹשֵׁ֥ב כְּ֝רוּבִ֗ים תָּנ֥וּט הָאָֽרֶץ׃

Transliteration

YHWH mālāḵ yirgəzû ʿammîm yōšēḇ kərûḇîm tānûṭ the ʾāreṣ

Grammar Details

• *YHWH*: proper noun, divine name
• *mālāḵ*: qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - reigned/became king
• *yirgəzû*: qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - tremble/rage
• *ʿammîm*: common noun, masculine plural construct - peoples/nations
• *yōšēḇ*: qal participle, masculine singular construct - dwelling/enthroned upon
• *kərûḇîm*: common noun, masculine plural - cherubim
• *tānûṭ*: qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - shake/quake/totter
• *ʾāreṣ*: common noun, feminine singular with definite article - earth/land

Word Meanings

• *mālāḵ*: has become king/reigns/is king
• *yirgəzû*: tremble/rage/be agitated
• *yōšēḇ*: sits enthroned/dwelling on/inhabitant of
• *tānûṭ*: shake/quake/totter/be moved

Referenced Verses

• Exod 25:22 : 22 There I will meet with you, and I will tell you from above the mercy seat, from between the two cherubim which are on the ark of the testimony, all that I command you for the children of Israel.
• Ps 80:1 : 1 Hear us, Shepherd of Israel, you who lead Joseph like a flock, you who sit above the cherubim, shine forth.
• Ps 97:1 : 1 Yahweh reigns! Let the earth rejoice! Let the multitude of islands be glad!
• Ps 93:1 : 1 Yahweh reigns! He is clothed with majesty! Yahweh is armed with strength. The world also is established. It can't be moved.
• Isa 24:19-20 : 19 The earth is utterly broken. The earth is torn apart. The earth is shaken violently. 20 The earth will stagger like a drunken man, and will sway back and forth like a hammock. Its disobedience will be heavy on it, and it will fall and not rise again.
• Jer 4:24 : 24 I saw the mountains, and behold, they trembled, and all the hills moved back and forth.
• Jer 5:22 : 22 Don't you fear me?' says Yahweh 'Won't you tremble at my presence, who have placed the sand for the bound of the sea, by a perpetual decree, that it can't pass it? and though its waves toss themselves, yet they can't prevail; though they roar, yet they can't pass over it.'
• Jer 49:21 : 21 The earth trembles at the noise of their fall; there is a cry, the noise which is heard in the Red Sea.
• Jer 50:46 : 46 At the noise of the taking of Babylon the earth trembles, and the cry is heard among the nations.
• Ezek 10:1-9 : 1 Then I looked, and see, in the expanse that was over the head of the cherubim there appeared above them as it were a sapphire stone, as the appearance of the likeness of a throne. 2 He spoke to the man clothed in linen, and said, Go in between the whirling [wheels], even under the cherub, and fill both your hands with coals of fire from between the cherubim, and scatter them over the city. He went in as I watched. 3 Now the cherubim stood on the right side of the house, when the man went in; and the cloud filled the inner court. 4 The glory of Yahweh mounted up from the cherub, [and stood] over the threshold of the house; and the house was filled with the cloud, and the court was full of the brightness of Yahweh's glory. 5 The sound of the wings of the cherubim was heard even to the outer court, as the voice of God Almighty when he speaks. 6 It came to pass, when he commanded the man clothed in linen, saying, Take fire from between the whirling wheels, from between the cherubim, that he went in, and stood beside a wheel. 7 The cherub stretched forth his hand from between the cherubim to the fire that was between the cherubim, and took [of it], and put it into the hands of him who was clothed in linen, who took it and went out. 8 There appeared in the cherubim the form of a man's hand under their wings. 9 I looked, and behold, four wheels beside the cherubim, one wheel beside one cherub, and another wheel beside another cherub; and the appearance of the wheels was like a beryl stone. 10 As for their appearance, the four of them had one likeness, like a wheel within a wheel. 11 When they went, they went in their four directions: they didn't turn as they went, but to the place where the head looked they followed it; they didn't turn as they went. 12 Their whole body, and their backs, and their hands, and their wings, and the wheels, were full of eyes all around, [even] the wheels that the four of them had. 13 As for the wheels, they were called in my hearing, the whirling [wheels]. 14 Every one had four faces: the first face was the face of the cherub, and the second face was the face of a man, and the third face the face of a lion, and the fourth the face of an eagle. 15 The cherubim mounted up: this is the living creature that I saw by the river Chebar. 16 When the cherubim went, the wheels went beside them; and when the cherubim lifted up their wings to mount up from the earth, the wheels also didn't turn from beside them. 17 When they stood, these stood; and when they mounted up, these mounted up with them: for the spirit of the living creature was in them. 18 The glory of Yahweh went forth from over the threshold of the house, and stood over the cherubim. 19 The cherubim lifted up their wings, and mounted up from the earth in my sight when they went forth, and the wheels beside them: and they stood at the door of the east gate of Yahweh's house; and the glory of the God of Israel was over them above. 20 This is the living creature that I saw under the God of Israel by the river Chebar; and I knew that they were cherubim. 21 Every one had four faces, and every one four wings; and the likeness of the hands of a man was under their wings. 22 As for the likeness of their faces, they were the faces which I saw by the river Chebar, their appearances and themselves; they went every one straight forward.
• Luke 19:12 : 12 He said therefore, "A certain nobleman went into a far country to receive for himself a kingdom, and to return.
• Luke 19:14 : 14 But his citizens hated him, and sent an envoy after him, saying, 'We don't want this man to reign over us.'
• Luke 19:27 : 27 But bring those enemies of mine who didn't want me to reign over them here, and kill them before me.'"
• Phil 2:12 : 12 So then, my beloved, even as you have always obeyed, not only in my presence, but now much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling.
• Rev 6:14 : 14 The sky was removed like a scroll when it is rolled up. Every mountain and island were moved out of their places.
• Rev 11:17 : 17 saying: "We give you thanks, Lord God, the Almighty, the one who is and who was; because you have taken your great power, and reigned.
• Rev 20:11 : 11 I saw a great white throne, and him who sat on it, from whose face the earth and the heaven fled away. There was found no place for them.
• Ps 96:10 : 10 Say among the nations, "Yahweh reigns." The world is also established. It can't be moved. He will judge the peoples with equity.
• Ps 82:5 : 5 They don't know, neither do they understand. They walk back and forth in darkness. All the foundations of the earth are shaken.
• Ps 2:6 : 6 "Yet I have set my King on my holy hill of Zion."
• Ps 2:11-12 : 11 Serve Yahweh with fear, and rejoice with trembling. 12 Give sincere homage to the Son, lest he be angry, and you perish in the way, for his wrath will soon be kindled. Blessed are all those who take refuge in him. A Psalm by David, when he fled from Absalom his son.
• Ps 18:10 : 10 He rode on a cherub, and flew. Yes, he soared on the wings of the wind.
• Ps 21:8-9 : 8 Your hand will find out all of your enemies. Your right hand will find out those who hate you. 9 You will make them as a fiery furnace in the time of your anger. Yahweh will swallow them up in his wrath. The fire shall devour them.
• Ps 97:4 : 4 His lightning lights up the world. The earth sees, and trembles.
• Isa 19:14 : 14 Yahweh has mixed a spirit of perverseness in the midst of her; and they have caused Egypt to go astray in all of its works, like a drunken man staggers in his vomit.