Exodus 19:3

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

And Moses hath gone up unto God, and Jehovah calleth unto him out of the mount, saying, `Thus dost thou say to the house of Jacob, and declare to the sons of Israel,

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וּמֹשֶׁ֥ה עָלָ֖ה אֶל־הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וַיִּקְרָ֨א אֵלָ֤יו יְהוָה֙ מִן־הָהָ֣ר לֵאמֹ֔ר כֹּ֤ה תֹאמַר֙ לְבֵ֣ית יַעֲקֹ֔ב וְתַגֵּ֖יד לִבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

Transliteration

And mōšeh ʿālāh to the ʾĕlōhîm wə-yiqrāʾ to him YHWH from the hār lēʾmōr thus tōʾmar to bêt yaʿăqōb wə-taggêd to bənê yiśrāʾēl.

Grammar Details

• *mōšeh*: proper noun - Moses
• *ʿālāh*: verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he went up/ascended
• *ʾĕlōhîm*: noun, masculine plural (with definite article) - God/the gods
• *wə-yiqrāʾ*: conjunction + verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he called
• *YHWH*: proper noun - the divine name (Yahweh/Jehovah)
• *hār*: noun, masculine singular (with definite article) - the mountain
• *lēʾmōr*: preposition + infinitive construct - saying/to say
• *tōʾmar*: verb, qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall say
• *bêt*: noun, masculine singular construct - house of
• *yaʿăqōb*: proper noun - Jacob
• *wə-taggêd*: conjunction + verb, hiphil imperfect 2nd masculine singular - and you shall tell/declare
• *bənê*: noun, masculine plural construct - sons/children of
• *yiśrāʾēl*: proper noun - Israel

Word Meanings

• *ʾĕlōhîm*: God/gods/divine being
• *wə-yiqrāʾ*: and he called/and he proclaimed
• *bêt yaʿăqōb*: house of Jacob/Jacob's household/descendants of Jacob

Referenced Verses

• Exod 3:4 : 4 and Jehovah seeth that he hath turned aside to see, and God calleth unto him out of the midst of the bush, and saith, `Moses, Moses;' and he saith, `Here `am' I.'
• Acts 7:38 : 38 `This is he who was in the assembly in the wilderness, with the messenger who is speaking to him in the mount Sinai, and with our fathers who did receive the living oracles to give to us;
• Exod 20:21 : 21 And the people stand afar off, and Moses hath drawn nigh unto the thick darkness where God `is'.
• Exod 24:15-18 : 15 And Moses goeth up unto the mount, and the cloud covereth the mount; 16 and the honour of Jehovah doth tabernacle on mount Sinai, and the cloud covereth it six days, and He calleth unto Moses on the seventh day from the midst of the cloud. 17 And the appearance of the honour of Jehovah `is' as a consuming fire on the top of the mount, before the eyes of the sons of Israel; 18 and Moses goeth into the midst of the cloud, and goeth up unto the mount, and Moses is on the mount forty days and forty nights.
• Exod 34:2 : 2 and be prepared at morning, and thou hast come up in the morning unto mount Sinai, and hast stood before Me there, on the top of the mount,
• Deut 5:5-9 : 5 I am standing between Jehovah and you, at that time, to declare to you the word of Jehovah, for ye have been afraid from the presence of the fire, and ye have not gone up into the mount; saying: 6 `I Jehovah `am' thy God, who hath brought thee out from the land of Egypt, from a house of servants. 7 `Thou hast no other gods in My presence. 8 `Thou dost not make to thee a graven image, any similitude which `is' in the heavens above, and which `is' in the earth beneath, and which `is' in the waters under the earth; 9 thou dost not bow thyself to them nor serve them, for I Jehovah thy God `am' a zealous God, charging iniquity of fathers on children, and on a third `generation', and on a fourth, to those hating Me; 10 and doing kindness to thousands, to those loving Me, and to those keeping My commands. 11 `Thou dost not take up the Name of Jehovah thy God for a vain thing, for Jehovah doth not acquit him who taketh up His Name for a vain thing. 12 `Observe the day of the sabbath -- to sanctify it, as Jehovah thy God hath commanded thee; 13 six days thou dost labour, and hast done all thy work, 14 and the seventh day `is' a sabbath to Jehovah thy God; thou dost not do any work, thou, and thy son, and thy daughter, and thy man-servant, and thy handmaid, and thine ox, and thine ass, and all thy cattle, and thy sojourner who `is' within thy gates; so that thy man-servant, and thy handmaid doth rest like thyself; 15 and thou hast remembered that a servant thou hast been in the land of Egypt, and Jehovah thy God is bringing thee out thence by a strong hand, and by a stretched-out arm; therefore hath Jehovah thy God commanded thee to keep the day of the sabbath. 16 `Honour thy father and thy mother, as Jehovah thy God hath commanded thee, so that thy days are prolonged, and so that it is well with thee, on the ground which Jehovah thy God is giving to thee. 17 `Thou dost not murder. 18 `Thou dost not commit adultery. 19 `Thou dost not steal. 20 `Thou dost not answer against thy neighbour -- a false testimony. 21 `Thou dost not desire thy neighbour's wife; nor dost thou covet thy neighbour's house, his field, and his man-servant, and his handmaid, his ox, and his ass, and anything which `is' thy neighbour's. 22 `These words hath Jehovah spoken unto all your assembly, in the mount out of the midst of the fire, of the cloud, and of the thick darkness -- a great voice; and He hath not added, and He writeth them on two tables of stone, and giveth them unto me. 23 `And it cometh to pass as ye hear the voice out of the midst of the darkness, and of the mountain burning with fire, that ye come near unto me, all the heads of your tribes, and your elders, 24 and say, Lo, Jehovah our God hath shewed us His honour, and His greatness; and His voice we have heard out of the midst of the fire; this day we have seen that God doth speak with man -- and he hath lived. 25 `And, now, why do we die? for consume us doth this great fire -- if we add to hear the voice of Jehovah our God any more -- then we have died. 26 For who of all flesh `is' he who hath heard the voice of the living God speaking out of the midst of the fire like us -- and doth live? 27 Draw near thou, and hear all that which Jehovah our God saith, and thou, thou dost speak unto us all that which Jehovah our God speaketh unto thee, and we have hearkened, and done it. 28 `And Jehovah heareth the voice of your words, in your speaking unto me, and Jehovah saith unto me, I have heard the voice of the words of this people which they have spoken unto thee; they have done well `in' all that they have spoken. 29 O that their heart had been thus to them, to fear Me, and to keep My commands all the days, that it may be well with them, and with their sons -- to the age! 30 `Go, say to them, Turn back for yourselves, to your tents; 31 and thou here stand thou with Me, and let Me speak unto thee all the command, and the statutes, and the judgments which thou dost teach them, and they have done in the land which I am giving to them to possess it.