Exodus 20:13

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

`Thou dost not murder.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

לֹ֥֖א תִּֿרְצָ֖͏ֽח׃

Transliteration

lōʾ tirṣāḥ

Grammar Details

• *lōʾ*: negative particle - not
• *tirṣāḥ*: qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall murder

Word Meanings

• *tirṣāḥ*: murder/kill unlawfully/slay

Referenced Verses

• Rom 13:9 : 9 for, `Thou shalt not commit adultery, Thou shalt do no murder, Thou shalt not steal, Thou shalt not bear false testimony, Thou shalt not covet;' and if there is any other command, in this word it is summed up, in this: `Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself;'
• Gen 9:5-6 : 5 `And only your blood for your lives do I require; from the hand of every living thing I require it, and from the hand of man, from the hand of every man's brother I require the life of man; 6 whoso sheddeth man's blood, by man is his blood shed: for in the image of God hath He made man.
• Matt 5:21-22 : 21 `Ye heard that it was said to the ancients: Thou shalt not kill, and whoever may kill shall be in danger of the judgment; 22 but I -- I say to you, that every one who is angry at his brother without cause, shall be in danger of the judgment, and whoever may say to his brother, Empty fellow! shall be in danger of the sanhedrim, and whoever may say, Rebel! shall be in danger of the gehenna of the fire.
• Matt 19:18 : 18 He saith to him, `What kind?' And Jesus said, `Thou shalt not kill, thou shalt not commit adultery, thou shalt not steal, thou shalt not bear false witness,
• Lev 24:21 : 21 `And he who smiteth a beast repayeth it, and he who smiteth `the life of' man is put to death;
• Isa 26:21 : 21 For, lo, Jehovah is coming out of His place, To charge the iniquity of the inhabitant of the earth upon him, And revealed hath the earth her blood, Nor doth she cover any more her slain!'
• Exod 21:14 : 14 `And when a man doth presume against his neighbour to slay him with subtilty, from Mine altar thou dost take him to die.
• Exod 21:20 : 20 `And when a man smiteth his man-servant or his handmaid, with a rod, and he hath died under his hand -- he is certainly avenged;
• Deut 19:11-13 : 11 `And when a man is hating his neighbour, and hath lain in wait for him, and risen against him, and smitten him -- the life, and he hath died, and he hath fled unto one of these cities, 12 then the elders of his city have sent and taken him from thence, and given him into the hand of the redeemer of blood, and he hath died; 13 thine eye hath no pity on him, and thou hast put away the innocent blood from Israel, and it is well with thee.
• Jas 2:11 : 11 for He who is saying, `Thou mayest not commit adultery,' said also, `Thou mayest do no murder;' and if thou shalt not commit adultery, and shalt commit murder, thou hast become a transgressor of law;
• Jas 2:13 : 13 for the judgment without kindness `is' to him not having done kindness, and exult doth kindness over judgment.
• 1 John 3:12-15 : 12 not as Cain -- of the evil one he was, and he did slay his brother, and wherefore did he slay him? because his works were evil, and those of his brother righteous. 13 Do not wonder, my brethren, if the world doth hate you; 14 we -- we have known that we have passed out of the death to the life, because we love the brethren; he who is not loving the brother doth remain in the death. 15 Every one who is hating his brother -- a man-killer he is, and ye have known that no man-killer hath life age-during in him remaining,
• Gen 4:8-9 : 8 And Cain saith unto Abel his brother, ``Let us go into the field;'' and it cometh to pass in their being in the field, that Cain riseth up against Abel his brother, and slayeth him. 9 And Jehovah saith unto Cain, `Where `is' Abel thy brother?' and he saith, `I have not known; my brother's keeper -- I?' 10 And He saith, `What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother's blood is crying unto Me from the ground; 11 and now, cursed `art' thou from the ground, which hath opened her mouth to receive the blood of thy brother from thy hand; 12 when thou tillest the ground, it doth not add to give its strength to thee -- a wanderer, even a trembling one, thou art in the earth.' 13 And Cain saith unto Jehovah, `Greater is my punishment than to be borne; 14 lo, Thou hast driven me to-day from off the face of the ground, and from Thy face I am hid; and I have been a wanderer, even a trembling one, in the earth, and it hath been -- every one finding me doth slay me.' 15 And Jehovah saith to him, `Therefore -- of any slayer of Cain sevenfold it is required;' and Jehovah setteth to Cain a token that none finding him doth slay him. 16 And Cain goeth out from before Jehovah, and dwelleth in the land, moving about east of Eden; 17 and Cain knoweth his wife, and she conceiveth, and beareth Enoch; and he is building a city, and he calleth the name of the city, according to the name of his son -- Enoch. 18 And born to Enoch is Irad; and Irad hath begotten Mehujael; and Mehujael hath begotten Methusael; and Methusael hath begotten Lamech. 19 And Lamech taketh to himself two wives, the name of the one Adah, and the name of the second Zillah. 20 And Adah beareth Jabal, he hath been father of those inhabiting tents and purchased possessions; 21 and the name of his brother `is' Jubal, he hath been father of every one handling harp and organ. 22 And Zillah she also bare Tubal-Cain, an instructor of every artificer in brass and iron; and a sister of Tubal-Cain `is' Naamah. 23 And Lamech saith to his wives: -- `Adah and Zillah, hear my voice; Wives of Lamech, give ear `to' my saying: For a man I have slain for my wound, Even a young man for my hurt;
• 2 Sam 12:9-9 : 9 `Wherefore hast thou despised the word of Jehovah, to do the evil thing in His eyes? Uriah the Hittite thou hast smitten by the sword, and his wife thou hast taken to thee for a wife, and him thou hast slain by the sword of the Bene-Ammon. 10 `And now, the sword doth not turn aside from thy house unto the age, because thou hast despised Me, and dost take the wife of Uriah the Hittite to be to thee for a wife;
• 2 Kgs 21:16 : 16 And also, innocent blood hath Manasseh shed very much, till that he hath filled Jerusalem -- mouth to mouth; apart from his sin that he hath caused Judah to sin, to do the evil thing in the eyes of Jehovah.
• 2 Chr 24:22 : 22 and Joash the king hath not remembered the kindness that Jehoiada his father did with him, and slayeth his son, and in his death he said, `Jehovah doth see, and require.'
• Ps 10:8-9 : 8 He doth sit in an ambush of the villages, In secret places he doth slay the innocent. His eyes for the afflicted watch secretly, 9 He lieth in wait in a secret place, as a lion in a covert. He lieth in wait to catch the poor, He catcheth the poor, drawing him into his net. 10 He is bruised -- he boweth down, Fallen by his mighty ones hath the afflicted. 11 He said in his heart, `God hath forgotten, He hath hid His face, He hath never seen.'
• Prov 1:11 : 11 If they say, `Come with us, we lay wait for blood, We watch secretly for the innocent without cause,
• Prov 1:18 : 18 And they for their own blood lay wait, They watch secretly for their own lives.
• Exod 21:29 : 29 and if the ox is `one' accustomed to gore heretofore, and it hath been testified to its owner, and he doth not watch it, and it hath put to death a man or woman, the ox is stoned, and its owner also is put to death.
• Jer 26:15 : 15 Only, know ye certainly, that if ye are putting me to death, surely innocent blood ye are putting on yourselves, and on this city, and on its inhabitants; for truly hath Jehovah sent me unto you to speak in your ears all these words.'
• Num 35:16-34 : 16 `And if with an instrument of iron he hath smitten him, and he dieth, he `is' a murderer: the murderer is certainly put to death. 17 `And if with a stone `in' the hand, wherewith he dieth, he hath smitten him, and he dieth, he `is' a murderer: the murderer is certainly put to death. 18 `Or with a wooden instrument `in' the hand, wherewith he dieth, he hath smitten him, and he dieth, he `is' a murderer: the murderer is certainly put to death. 19 `The redeemer of blood himself doth put the murderer to death; in his coming against him he doth put him to death. 20 `And if in hatred he thrust him through, or hath cast `anything' at him by lying in wait, and he dieth; 21 or in enmity he hath smitten him with his hand, and he dieth; the smiter is certainly put to death; he `is' a murderer; the redeemer of blood doth put the murderer to death in his coming against him. 22 `And if, in an instant, without enmity, he hath thrust him through, or hath cast at him any instrument, without lying in wait; 23 or with any stone wherewith he dieth, without seeing, and causeth `it' to fall upon him, and he dieth, and he `is' not his enemy, nor seeking his evil; 24 then have the company judged between the smiter and the redeemer of blood, by these judgments. 25 `And the company have delivered the man-slayer out of the hand of the redeemer of blood, and the company have caused him to turn back unto the city of his refuge, whither he hath fled, and he hath dwelt in it till the death of the chief priest, who hath been anointed with the holy oil. 26 `And if the man-slayer at all go out `from' the border of the city of his refuge whither he fleeth, 27 and the redeemer of blood hath found him at the outside of the border of the city of his refuge, and the redeemer of blood hath slain the man-slayer, blood is not for him; 28 for in the city of his refuge he doth dwell till the death of the chief priest; and after the death of the chief priest doth the man-slayer turn back unto the city of his possession. 29 `And these things have been to you for a statute of judgment to your generations, in all your dwellings: 30 whoso smiteth a person, by the mouth of witnesses doth `one' slay the murderer; and one witness doth not testify against a person -- to die. 31 `And ye take no atonement for the life of a murderer who `is' condemned -- to die, for he is certainly put to death; 32 and ye take no atonement for him to flee unto the city of his refuge, to turn back to dwell in the land, until the death of the priest. 33 `And ye profane not the land which ye `are' in, for blood profaneth the land; as to the land, it is not pardoned for blood which is shed in it except by the blood of him who sheddeth it; 34 and ye defile not the land in which ye are dwelling, in the midst of which I do tabernacle, for I Jehovah do tabernacle in the midst of the sons of Israel.'
• Deut 5:17 : 17 `Thou dost not murder.
• Acts 28:4 : 4 And when the foreigners saw the beast hanging from his hand, they said unto one another, `Certainly this man is a murderer, whom, having been saved out of the sea, the justice did not suffer to live;'
• Gal 5:21 : 21 envyings, murders, drunkennesses, revellings, and such like, of which I tell you before, as I also said before, that those doing such things the reign of God shall not inherit.
• 1 Tim 1:9 : 9 having known this, that for a righteous man law is not set, but for lawless and insubordinate persons, ungodly and sinners, impious and profane, parricides and matricides, men-slayers,