Exodus 20:3

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

`Thou hast no other Gods before Me.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

לֹֽ֣א יִהְיֶֽה־לְךָ֛֩ אֱלֹהִ֥֨ים אֲחֵרִ֖֜ים עַל־פָּנָֽ͏ַ֗י

Transliteration

lōʾ yihyeh-ləḵā ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm ʿal-pānāy

Grammar Details

• *lōʾ*: negative particle - not
• *yihyeh-ləḵā*: qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular + preposition with 2nd masculine singular suffix - there shall be to you
• *ʾĕlōhîm*: masculine plural noun - gods
• *ʾăḥērîm*: adjective, masculine plural - other
• *ʿal-pānāy*: preposition + noun construct with 1st singular suffix - before my face/presence

Word Meanings

• *lōʾ yihyeh-ləḵā*: you shall not have/there shall not be to you
• *ʾĕlōhîm ʾăḥērîm*: other gods/foreign deities
• *ʿal-pānāy*: before me/in my presence/in preference to me/against my face

Referenced Verses

• Deut 5:7 : 7 `Thou hast no other gods in My presence.
• Deut 6:5 : 5 and thou hast loved Jehovah thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy might,
• Deut 6:14 : 14 ye do not go after other gods, of the gods of the peoples who `are' round about you;
• Ps 81:9 : 9 There is not in thee a strange god, And thou bowest not thyself to a strange god.
• Jer 25:6 : 6 And ye do not go after other gods to serve them, and to bow yourselves to them, nor do ye provoke Me to anger with the work of your hands, and I do no evil to you;
• Jer 35:15 : 15 And I send unto you all My servants the prophets, rising early and sending, saying: Turn back, I pray you, each from his evil way, and amend your doings, yea, ye do not walk after other gods, to serve them, and dwell ye on the ground that I have given to you and to your fathers; and ye have not inclined your ear, nor hearkened unto Me.
• Matt 4:10 : 10 Then saith Jesus to him, `Go -- Adversary, for it hath been written, The Lord thy God thou shalt bow to, and Him only thou shalt serve.'
• Isa 46:9 : 9 Remember former things of old, For I `am' Mighty, and there is none else, God -- and there is none like Me.
• Ps 73:25 : 25 Whom have I in the heavens? And with Thee none I have desired in earth.
• Isa 44:8 : 8 Fear not, nor be afraid, Have I not from that time caused thee to hear, and declared? And ye `are' My witnesses, Is there a God besides Me? yea, there is none, A Rock I have not known.
• Isa 26:4 : 4 Trust ye in Jehovah for ever, For in Jah Jehovah `is' a rock of ages,
• Exod 15:11 : 11 Who `is' like Thee among the gods, O Jehovah? Who `is' like Thee -- honourable in holiness -- Fearful in praises -- doing wonders?
• Eph 5:5 : 5 for this ye know, that every whoremonger, or unclean, or covetous person, who is an idolater, hath no inheritance in the reign of the Christ and God.
• 1 John 5:20-21 : 20 and we have known that the Son of God is come, and hath given us a mind, that we may know Him who is true, and we are in Him who is true, in His Son Jesus Christ; this one is the true God and the life age-during! 21 Little children, guard yourselves from the idols! Amen.
• Rev 19:10 : 10 and I fell before his feet, to bow before him, and he saith to me, `See -- not! fellow servant of thee am I, and of thy brethren, those having the testimony of Jesus; bow before God, for the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of the prophecy.'
• Rev 22:9 : 9 and he saith to me, `See -- not; for fellow-servant of thee am I, and of thy brethren the prophets, and of those keeping the words of this scroll; before God bow.'
• Phil 3:19 : 19 whose end `is' destruction, whose god `is' the belly, and whose glory `is' in their shame, who the things on earth are minding.
• Col 2:18 : 18 let no one beguile you of your prize, delighting in humble-mindedness and `in' worship of the messengers, intruding into the things he hath not seen, being vainly puffed up by the mind of his flesh,
• 1 Cor 8:6 : 6 yet to us `is' one God, the Father, of whom `are' the all things, and we to Him; and one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom `are' the all things, and we through Him;
• Exod 20:23 : 23 ye do not make with Me gods of silver, even gods of gold ye do not make to yourselves.
• Isa 43:10 : 10 Ye `are' My witnesses, an affirmation of Jehovah, And My servant whom I have chosen, So that ye know and give credence to Me, And understand that I `am' He, Before Me there was no God formed, And after Me there is none.
• Josh 24:18-24 : 18 and Jehovah casteth out the whole of the peoples, even the Amorite inhabiting the land, from our presence; we also do serve Jehovah, for He `is' our God.' 19 And Joshua saith unto the people, `Ye are not able to serve Jehovah, for a God most holy He `is'; a zealous God He `is'; He doth not bear with your transgression and with your sins. 20 When ye forsake Jehovah, and have served gods of a stranger, then He hath turned back and done evil to you, and consumed you, after that He hath done good to you.' 21 And the people saith unto Joshua, `No, but Jehovah we do serve.' 22 And Joshua saith unto the people, `Witnesses ye are against yourselves, that ye have chosen for you Jehovah to serve Him (and they say, `Witnesses!') 23 and, now, turn aside the gods of the stranger which `are' in your midst, and incline your heart unto Jehovah, God of Israel.' 24 And the people say unto Joshua, `Jehovah our God we serve, and to His voice we hearken.'
• 2 Kgs 17:29-35 : 29 and they are making each nation its gods, and place `them' in the houses of the high places that the Samaritans have made, each nation in their cities where they are dwelling. 30 And the men of Babylon have made Succoth-Benoth, and the men of Cuth have made Nergal, and the men of Hamath have made Ashima, 31 and the Avites have made Nibhaz and Tartak, and the Sepharvites are burning their sons with fire to Adrammelech and Anammelech, gods of Sepharvim. 32 And they are fearing Jehovah, and make to themselves from their extremities priests of high places, and they are acting for them in the house of the high places. 33 Jehovah they are fearing, and their gods they are serving, according to the custom of the nations whence they removed them. 34 Unto this day they are doing according to the former customs -- they are not fearing Jehovah, and are not doing according to their statutes, and according to their ordinances, and according to the law, and according to the command, that Jehovah commanded the sons of Jacob whose name He made Israel, 35 and Jehovah maketh with them a covenant, and chargeth them, saying, `Ye do not fear other gods, nor bow yourselves to them, nor serve them, nor sacrifice to them,
• Ps 29:2 : 2 Ascribe to Jehovah the honour of His name, Bow yourselves to Jehovah, In the beauty of holiness.
• Isa 45:21-22 : 21 Declare ye, and bring near, Yea, they take counsel together, Who hath proclaimed this from of old? From that time hath declared it? Is it not I -- Jehovah? And there is no other god besides Me, A God righteous and saving, there is none save Me. 22 Turn to Me, and be saved, all ends of the earth, For I `am' God, and there is none else.
• 1 Cor 8:4 : 4 Concerning the eating then of the things sacrificed to idols, we have known that an idol `is' nothing in the world, and that there is no other God except one;