Ezekiel 28:16

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

By the abundance of thy merchandise They have filled thy midst with violence, And thou dost sin, And I thrust thee from the mount of God, And I destroy thee, O covering cherub, From the midst of the stones of fire.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

בְּרֹ֣ב רְכֻּלָּתְךָ֗ מָל֧וּ תוֹכְךָ֛ חָמָ֖ס וַֽתֶּחֱטָ֑א וָאֶחַלֶּלְךָ֩ מֵהַ֨ר אֱלֹהִ֤ים וָֽאַבֶּדְךָ֙ כְּר֣וּב הַסֹּכֵ֔ךְ מִתּ֖וֹךְ אַבְנֵי־אֵֽשׁ׃

Transliteration

bə-rōḇ rəḵullātəḵā mālû tôḵəḵā ḥāmās wa-tteḥĕṭāʾ wā-ʾăḥalelḵā mē-har ʾĕlōhîm wā-ʾăʾabbedḵā kərûḇ ha-ssōḵēḵ mi-ttôḵ ʾaḇnê-ʾēš

Grammar Details

• *bə-rōḇ*: preposition + noun masculine singular construct - by abundance of
• *rəḵullātəḵā*: noun feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your merchandise/trading
• *mālû*: qal perfect 3rd common plural - they filled
• *tôḵəḵā*: noun masculine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your midst
• *ḥāmās*: noun masculine singular - violence
• *wa-tteḥĕṭāʾ*: conjunction + qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - and you sinned
• *wā-ʾăḥalelḵā*: conjunction + piel imperfect 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and I profaned you
• *mē-har*: preposition + noun masculine singular construct - from the mountain of
• *ʾĕlōhîm*: noun masculine plural - God
• *wā-ʾăʾabbedḵā*: conjunction + piel imperfect 1st person singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - and I destroyed you
• *kərûḇ*: noun masculine singular - cherub
• *ha-ssōḵēḵ*: definite article + qal participle masculine singular - the covering/guardian
• *mi-ttôḵ*: preposition + noun masculine singular construct - from the midst of
• *ʾaḇnê*-*ʾēš*: noun feminine plural construct + noun feminine singular - stones of fire

Word Meanings

• *rōḇ*: abundance/greatness/multitude
• *rəḵullāh*: merchandise/traffic/trading
• *ḥāmās*: violence/wrong/cruelty
• *ʾăḥalelḵā*: I profaned/defiled/treated as common
• *ʾăʾabbedḵā*: I destroyed/caused to perish/banished

Referenced Verses

• Hab 2:17 : 17 For violence `to' Lebanon doth cover thee, And spoil of beasts doth affright them, Because of man's blood, and of violence `to' the land, `To' the city, and `to' all dwelling in it.
• Gen 3:24 : 24 yea, he casteth out the man, and causeth to dwell at the east of the garden of Eden the cherubs and the flame of the sword which is turning itself round to guard the way of the tree of life.
• Ezek 8:17 : 17 And He saith unto me, `Hast thou seen, son of man? hath it been a light thing to the house of Judah to do the abomination that they have done here, that they have filled the land with violence, and turn back to provoke Me to anger? and lo, they are putting forth the branch unto their nose!
• Hab 2:8 : 8 Because thou hast spoiled many nations, Spoil thee do all the remnant of the peoples, Because of man's blood, and of violence `to' the land, `To' the city, and `to' all dwelling in it.
• Ezek 27:12-36 : 12 Tarshish `is' thy merchant, Because of the abundance of all wealth, For silver, iron, tin, and lead, They have given out thy remnants. 13 Javan, Tubal, and Meshech -- they `are' thy merchants, For persons of men, and vessels of brass, They have given out thy merchandise. 14 They of the house of Togarmah, `For' horses, and riding steeds, and mules, They have given out thy remnants. 15 Sons of Dedan `are' thy merchants, Many isles `are' the mart of thy hand, Horns of ivory and ebony they sent back thy reward. 16 Aram `is' thy merchant, Because of the abundance of thy works, For emerald, purple, and embroidery, And fine linen, and coral, and agate, They have given out thy remnants. 17 Judah and the land of Israel -- they `are' thy merchants, For wheat of Minnith, and Pannag, And honey, and oil, and balm, They have given out thy merchandise. 18 Damascus `is' thy merchant, For the abundance of thy works, Because of the abundance of all wealth, For wine of Helbon, and white wool. 19 Vedan and Javan go about with thy remnants, They have given shining iron, cassia, and cane, In thy merchandise it hath been. 20 Dedan `is' thy merchant, For clothes of freedom for riding. 21 Arabia, and all princes of Kedar, They `are' the traders of thy hand, For lambs, and rams, and he-goats, In these thy merchants. 22 Merchants of Sheba and Raamah -- they `are' thy merchants, For the chief of all spices, And for every precious stone, and gold, They have given out thy remnants. 23 Haran, and Canneh, and Eden, merchants of Sheba, Asshur -- Chilmad -- `are' thy merchants, 24 They `are' thy merchants for perfect things, For wrappings of blue, and embroidery, And for treasuries of rich apparel, With cords bound and girded, for thy merchandise, 25 Ships of Tarshish `are' thy double walls of thy merchandise, And thou art filled and honoured greatly, In the heart of the seas. 26 Into great waters have they brought thee, Those rowing thee, The east wind hath broken thee in the heart of the seas. 27 Thy wealth and thy remnants, Thy merchandise, thy mariners, And thy pilots, strengtheners of thy breach, And the traders of thy merchandise, And all thy men of war, who `are' in thee, And in all thine assembly that `is' in thy midst, Fall into the heart of the seas in the day of thy fall, 28 At the voice of the cry of thy pilots shake do the suburbs. 29 And come down from their ships have all handling an oar, Mariners, all the pilots of the sea, on the land they stand, 30 And have sounded for thee with their voice, And cry bitterly, and cause dust to go up on their heads, In ashes they do roll themselves. 31 And they have made for thee baldness, And they have girded on sackcloth, And they have wept for thee, In bitterness of soul -- a bitter mourning. 32 And lifted up for thee have their sons a lamentation, And they have lamented over thee, who `is' as Tyre? As the cut-off one in the midst of the sea? 33 With the outgoing of thy remnants from the seas, Thou hast filled many peoples, With the abundance of thy riches, and thy merchandise, Thou hast made rich things of earth. 34 The time of `thy' being broken by the seas in the depths of the waters, Thy merchandise and all thy assembly in thy midst have fallen. 35 All inhabitants of the isles have been astonished at thee, And their kings have been sore afraid, They have been troubled in countenance. 36 Merchants among the peoples have shrieked for thee, Wastes thou hast been, and thou art not -- to the age!'
• Ezek 28:14 : 14 Thou `art' an anointed cherub who is covering, And I have set thee in the holy mount, God thou hast been, In the midst of stones of fire thou hast walked up and down.
• Hos 12:7 : 7 Canaan! in his hand `are' balances of deceit! To oppress he hath loved.
• Amos 3:9 : 9 Sound ye unto palaces in Ashdod, And to palaces in the land of Egypt, and say: Be ye gathered on mountains of Samaria, And see many troubles within her, And oppressed ones in her midst.
• Mic 2:2 : 2 And they have desired fields, And they have taken violently, And houses, and they have taken away, And have oppressed a man and his house, Even a man and his inheritance.
• Mic 2:10 : 10 Rise and go, for this `is' not the rest, Because of uncleanness it doth corrupt, And corruption is powerful.
• Mic 6:12 : 12 Whose rich ones have been full of violence, And its inhabitants have spoken falsehood, And their tongue `is' deceitful in their mouth.
• Gen 6:11 : 11 And the earth is corrupt before God, and the earth is filled `with' violence.
• Lev 18:24-28 : 24 `Ye are not defiled with all these, for with all these have the nations been defiled which I am sending away from before you; 25 and the land is defiled, and I charge its iniquity upon it, and the land vomiteth out its inhabitants: 26 and ye -- ye have kept My statutes and My judgments, and do not `any' of all these abominations, the native and the sojourner who is sojourning in your midst, 27 (for all these abominations have the men of the land done who `are' before you, and the land is defiled), 28 and the land doth not vomit you out in your defiling it, as it hath vomited out the nation which `is' before you;
• Isa 22:19 : 19 And I have thrust thee from thy station, And from thine office he throweth thee down.
• Isa 23:9 : 9 Jehovah of Hosts hath counselled it, To pollute the excellency of all beauty, To make light all the honoured of earth.
• Isa 23:17-18 : 17 And it hath come to pass, At the end of seventy years Jehovah inspecteth Tyre, And she hath repented of her gift, That she committed fornication With all kingdoms of the earth on the face of the ground. 18 And her merchandise and her gift have been holy to Jehovah, Not treasured up nor stored, For to those sitting before Jehovah is her merchandise, To eat to satiety, and for a lasting covering!
• Zeph 1:9 : 9 And I have laid a charge on every one Who is leaping over the threshold in that day, Who are filling the house of their masters `With' violence and deceit.
• Luke 19:45-46 : 45 And having entered into the temple, he began to cast forth those selling in it, and those buying, 46 saying to them, `It hath been written, My house is a house of prayer -- but ye made it a den of robbers.'
• John 2:16 : 16 and to those selling the doves he said, `Take these things hence; make not the house of my Father a house of merchandise.'
• 1 Tim 6:9-9 : 9 and those wishing to be rich, do fall into temptation and a snare, and many desires, foolish and hurtful, that sink men into ruin and destruction, 10 for a root of all the evils is the love of money, which certain longing for did go astray from the faith, and themselves did pierce through with many sorrows;
• 2 Pet 2:4-6 : 4 For if God messengers who sinned did not spare, but with chains of thick gloom, having cast `them' down to Tartarus, did deliver `them' to judgment, having been reserved, 5 and the old world did not spare, but the eighth person, Noah, of righteousness a preacher, did keep, a flood on the world of the impious having brought, 6 and the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah having turned to ashes, with an overthrow did condemn, an example to those about to be impious having set `them';
• Rev 12:9 : 9 and the great dragon was cast forth -- the old serpent, who is called `Devil,' and `the Adversary,' who is leading astray the whole world -- he was cast forth to the earth, and his messengers were cast forth with him.