Genesis 27:29

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

peoples serve thee, and nations bow themselves to thee, be thou mighty over thy brethren, and the sons of thy mother bow themselves to thee; those who curse thee `are' cursed, and those who bless thee `are' blessed.'

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

יֽ͏ַעַבְד֣וּךָ עַמִּ֗ים *וישתחו **וְיִֽשְׁתַּחֲו֤וּ לְךָ֙ לְאֻמִּ֔ים הֱוֵ֤ה גְבִיר֙ לְאַחֶ֔יךָ וְיִשְׁתַּחֲוּ֥וּ לְךָ֖ בְּנֵ֣י אִמֶּ֑ךָ אֹרְרֶ֣יךָ אָר֔וּר וּֽמְבָרֲכֶ֖יךָ בָּרֽוּךְ׃

Transliteration

Yaʿabdûkā ʿammîm and-wəyištaḥăwû to-you ləʾummîm hĕwēh gəbîr to-ləʾaḥeykā and-wəyištaḥăwû to-you bənê ʾimmekā ʾōrəreykā ʾārûr and-ûməbārăkeykā bārûk

Grammar Details

• *Yaʿabdûkā*: Qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - they will serve you
• *ʿammîm*: noun, masculine plural - peoples
• *wəyištaḥăwû*: waw conjunctive + Hishtaphel imperfect, 3rd person masculine plural - and they will bow down
• *ləʾummîm*: noun, masculine plural - nations/peoples
• *hĕwēh*: Qal imperative, masculine singular - be
• *gəbîr*: noun, masculine singular - master/lord
• *ləʾaḥeykā*: preposition + noun, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - to your brothers
• *bənê*: noun, masculine plural construct - sons of
• *ʾimmekā*: noun, feminine singular construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - your mother
• *ʾōrəreykā*: Qal participle, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - those cursing you
• *ʾārûr*: Qal passive participle, masculine singular - cursed
• *ûməbārăkeykā*: waw conjunctive + Piel participle, masculine plural construct with 2nd person masculine singular suffix - and those blessing you
• *bārûk*: Qal passive participle, masculine singular - blessed

Word Meanings

• *Yaʿabdûkā*: they will serve you/be your servants
• *ʿammîm*: peoples/nations/tribes
• *wəyištaḥăwû*: they will bow down/prostrate themselves
• *ləʾummîm*: nations/peoples/communities
• *gəbîr*: master/lord/ruler
• *ʾōrəreykā*: those cursing you/your cursers
• *ûməbārăkeykā*: those blessing you/your blessers

Referenced Verses

• Num 24:9 : 9 He hath bent, he hath lain down as a lion, And as a lioness: who doth raise him up? He who is blessing thee `is' blessed, And he who is cursing thee `is' cursed.'
• Gen 12:3 : 3 And I bless those blessing thee, and him who is disesteeming thee I curse, and blessed in thee have been all families of the ground.'
• Gen 27:37 : 37 And Isaac answereth and saith to Esau, `Lo, a mighty one have I set him over thee, and all his brethren have I given to him for servants, and `with' corn and wine have I sustained him; and for thee now, what shall I do, my son?'
• Rom 9:12 : 12 `The greater shall serve the less;'
• Gen 9:25-26 : 25 and saith: `Cursed `is' Canaan, Servant of servants he is to his brethren.' 26 And he saith: `Blessed of Jehovah my God `is' Shem, And Canaan is servant to him.
• Rev 19:16 : 16 and he hath upon the garment and upon his thigh the name written, `King of kings, and Lord of lords.'
• Gen 37:7 : 7 that, lo, we are binding bundles in the midst of the field, and lo, my bundle hath arisen, and hath also stood up, and lo, your bundles are round about, and bow themselves to my bundle.'
• Gen 49:8-9 : 8 Judah! thou -- thy brethren praise thee! Thy hand `is' on the neck of thine enemies, Sons of thy father bow themselves to thee. 9 A lion's whelp `is' Judah, For prey, my son, thou hast gone up; He hath bent, he hath crouched as a lion, And as a lioness; who causeth him to arise? 10 The sceptre turneth not aside from Judah, And a lawgiver from between his feet, Till his Seed come; And his `is' the obedience of peoples.
• Num 22:11-12 : 11 Lo, the people that is coming out from Egypt and covereth the eye of the land, -- now come, pierce it for me; it may be I am able to fight against it, and have cast it out;' 12 and God saith unto Balaam, `Thou dost not go with them; thou dost not curse the people; for it `is' blessed.'
• Num 23:8 : 8 What -- do I pierce? -- God hath not pierced! And what -- am I indignant? -- Jehovah hath not been indignant!
• Gen 22:17-18 : 17 that blessing I bless thee, and multiplying I multiply thy seed as stars of the heavens, and as sand which `is' on the sea-shore; and thy seed doth possess the gate of his enemies; 18 and blessed themselves in thy seed have all nations of the earth, because that thou hast hearkened to My voice.'
• Gen 25:22-23 : 22 and the children struggle together within her, and she saith, `If `it is' right -- why `am' I thus?' and she goeth to seek Jehovah. 23 And Jehovah saith to her, `Two nations `are' in thy womb, and two peoples from thy bowels are parted; and the `one' people than the `other' people is stronger; and the elder doth serve the younger.'
• Gen 25:33 : 33 and Jacob saith, `Swear to me to-day:' and he sweareth to him, and selleth his birthright to Jacob;
• 2 Sam 8:1-9 : 1 And it cometh to pass afterwards that David smiteth the Philistines, and humbleth them, and David taketh the bridle of the metropolis out of the hand of the Philistines. 2 And he smiteth Moab, and measureth them with a line, causing them to lie down on the earth, and he measureth two lines to put to death, and the fulness of the line to keep alive, and the Moabites are to David for servants, bearers of a present. 3 And David smiteth Hadadezer son of Rehob, king of Zobah, in his going to bring back his power by the River `Euphrates;' 4 and David captureth from him a thousand and seven hundred horsemen, and twenty thousand footmen, and David destroyeth utterly the whole of the charioteers, only he leaveth of them a hundred charioteers. 5 And Aram of Damascus cometh to give help to Hadadezer king of Zobah, and David smiteth of Aram twenty and two thousand men; 6 and David putteth garrisons in Aram of Damascus, and Aram is to David for a servant, bearing a present; and Jehovah saveth David whithersoever he hath gone; 7 and David taketh the shields of gold which were on the servants of Hadadezer, and bringeth them to Jerusalem; 8 and from Betah, and from Berothai, cities of Hadadezer, hath king David taken very much brass. 9 And Toi king of Hamath heareth that David hath smitten all the force of Hadadezer, 10 and Toi sendeth Joram his son unto king David to ask of him of welfare, and to bless him, (because that he hath fought against Hadadezer, and smiteth him, for a man of wars `with' Toi had Hadadezer been), and in his hand have been vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass, 11 also them did king David sanctify to Jehovah, with the silver and the gold which he sanctified of all the nations which he subdued: 12 of Aram, and of Moab, and of the Bene-Ammon, and of the Philistines, and of Amalek, and of the spoil of Hadadezer son of Rehob king of Zobah. 13 And David maketh a name in his turning back from his smiting Aram in the valley of Salt -- eighteen thousand; 14 and he putteth in Edom garrisons -- in all Edom he hath put garrisons, and all Edom are servants to David; and Jehovah saveth David whithersoever he hath gone. 15 And David reigneth over all Israel, and David is doing judgment and righteousness to all his people, 16 and Joab son of Zeruiah `is' over the host, and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud `is' remembrancer, 17 and Zadok son of Ahitub, and Ahimelech son of Abiathar, `are' priests, and Seraiah `is' scribe, 18 and Benaiah son of Jehoiada `is over' both the Cherethite and the Pelethite, and the sons of David have been ministers.
• 2 Sam 10:1-9 : 1 And it cometh to pass afterwards, that the king of the Bene-Ammon dieth, and Hanun his son reigneth in his stead, 2 and David saith, `I do kindness with Hanun son of Nahash, as his father did with me kindness;' and David sendeth to comfort him by the hand of his servants concerning his father, and the servants of David come in to the land of the Bene-Ammon. 3 And the heads of the Bene-Ammon say unto Hanun their lord, `Is David honouring thy father in thine eyes because he hath sent to thee comforters? for to search the city, and to spy it, and to overthrow it, hath not David sent his servants unto thee?' 4 And Hanun taketh the servants of David, and shaveth off the half of their beard, and cutteth off their long robes in the midst -- unto their buttocks, and sendeth them away; 5 and they declare `it' to David, and he sendeth to meet them, for the men have been greatly ashamed, and the king saith, `Abide in Jericho till your beard doth spring up -- then ye have returned.' 6 And the Bene-Ammon see that they have been abhorred by David, and the Bene-Ammon send and hire Aram of Beth-Rehob, and Aram of Zoba, twenty thousand footmen, and the king of Maacah `with' a thousand men, and Ish-Tob `with' twelve thousand men; 7 and David heareth, and sendeth Joab, and all the host -- the mighty men. 8 And the Bene-Ammon come out, and set battle in array, at the opening of the gate, and Aram of Zoba, and Rehob, and Ish-Tob, and Maacah, `are' by themselves in the field; 9 and Joab seeth that the front of the battle hath been unto him before and behind, and he chooseth of all the chosen in Israel, and setteth in array to meet Aram, 10 and the rest of the people he hath given into the hand of Abishai his brother, and setteth in array to meet the Bene-Ammon. 11 And he saith, `If Aram be stronger than I, then thou hast been to me for salvation, and if the Bene-Ammon be stronger than thou, then I have come to give salvation to thee; 12 be strong and strengthen thyself for our people, and for the cities of our God, and Jehovah doth that which is good in His eyes.' 13 And Joab draweth nigh, and the people who `are' with him, to battle against Aram, and they flee from his presence; 14 and the Bene-Ammon have seen that Aram hath fled, and they flee from the presence of Abishai, and go in to the city; and Joab turneth back from the Bene-Ammon, and cometh in to Jerusalem. 15 And Aram seeth that it is smitten before Israel, and they are gathered together; 16 and Hadadezer sendeth, and bringeth out Aram which `is' beyond the River, and they come in to Helam, and Shobach head of the host of Hadadezer `is' before them. 17 And it is declared to David, and he gathereth all Israel, and passeth over the Jordan, and cometh in to Helam, and Aram setteth itself in array to meet David, and they fight with him; 18 and Aram fleeth from the presence of Israel, and David slayeth of Aram seven hundred charioteers, and forty thousand horsemen, and Shobach head of its host he hath smitten, and he dieth there. 19 And all the kings -- servants of Hadadezer -- see that they have been smitten before Israel, and make peace with Israel, and serve them; and Aram is afraid to help any more the Bene-Ammon.
• 1 Kgs 4:21 : 21 And Solomon hath been ruling over all the kingdoms, from the River `to' the land of the Philistines and unto the border of Egypt: they are bringing nigh a present, and serving Solomon, all days of his life.
• 1 Kgs 11:15-16 : 15 and it cometh to pass, in David's being with Edom, in the going up of Joab head of the host to bury the slain, that he smiteth every male in Edom -- 16 for six months did Joab abide there, and all Israel, till the cutting off of every male in Edom --
• 1 Kgs 22:47 : 47 and there is no king in Edom; he set up a king.
• 1 Chr 5:2 : 2 for Judah hath been mighty over his brother, and for leader above him, and the birthright `is' to Joseph.
• 2 Chr 25:11-14 : 11 And Amaziah hath strengthened himself, and leadeth his people, and goeth to the Valley of Salt, and smiteth the sons of Seir -- ten thousand. 12 And ten thousand alive have the sons of Judah taken captive, and they bring them to the top of the rock, and cast them from the top of the rock, and all of them have been broken. 13 And the sons of the troop that Amaziah hath sent back from going with him to battle -- they rush against cities of Judah, from Samaria even unto Beth-Horon, and smite of them three thousand, and seize much prey. 14 And it cometh to pass, after the coming in of Amaziah from smiting the Edomites, that he bringeth in the gods of the sons of Seir, and establisheth them to him for gods, and before them doth bow himself, and to them he maketh perfume.
• Ps 2:6-9 : 6 `And I -- I have anointed My King, Upon Zion -- My holy hill.' 7 I declare concerning a statute: Jehovah said unto me, `My Son Thou `art', I to-day have brought thee forth. 8 Ask of Me and I give nations -- thy inheritance, And thy possession -- the ends of earth. 9 Thou dost rule them with a sceptre of iron, As a vessel of a potter Thou dost crush them.'
• Ps 60:1-9 : 1 To the Overseer. -- `Concerning the Lily of Testimony,' a secret treasure of David, to teach, in his striving with Aram-Naharaim, and with Aram-Zobah, and Joab turneth back and smiteth Edom in the valley of Salt -- twelve thousand. O God, Thou hadst cast us off, Thou hadst broken us -- hadst been angry! -- Thou dost turn back to us. 2 Thou hast caused the land to tremble, Thou hast broken it, Heal its breaches, for it hath moved. 3 Thou hast shewn Thy people a hard thing, Thou hast caused us to drink wine of trembling. 4 Thou hast given to those fearing thee an ensign. To be lifted up as an ensign Because of truth. Selah. 5 That Thy beloved ones may be drawn out, Save `with' Thy right hand, and answer us. 6 God hath spoken in His holiness: I exult -- I apportion Shechem, And the valley of Succoth I measure, 7 Mine `is' Gilead, and mine `is' Manasseh, And Ephraim `is' the strength of my head, Judah `is' my lawgiver, 8 Moab `is' my pot for washing, over Edom I cast my shoe, Shout, concerning me, O Philistia. 9 Who doth bring me `to' a city of bulwarks? Who hath led me unto Edom? 10 Is it not Thou, O God? hast Thou cast us off? And dost Thou not go forth, O God, with our hosts! 11 Give to us help from adversity, And vain `is' the deliverance of man. 12 In God we do mightily, And He treadeth down our adversaries!
• Ps 72:8 : 8 And he ruleth from sea unto sea, And from the river unto the ends of earth.
• Isa 9:7 : 7 To the increase of the princely power, And of peace, there is no end, On the throne of David, and on his kingdom, To establish it, and to support it, In judgment and in righteousness, Henceforth, even unto the age, The zeal of Jehovah of Hosts doth this.
• Isa 45:14 : 14 Thus said Jehovah, `The labour of Egypt, And the merchandise of Cush, And of the Sebaim -- men of measure, Unto thee pass over, and thine they are, After thee they go, in fetters they pass over, And unto thee they bow themselves, Unto thee they pray: Only in thee `is' God, And there is none else, no `other' God.
• Isa 49:7 : 7 Thus said Jehovah, Redeemer of Israel, His Holy One, To the despised in soul, To the abominated of a nation, To the servant of rulers: `Kings see, and have risen, princes, and worship, For the sake of Jehovah, who is faithful, The Holy of Israel, and He chooseth thee.'
• Isa 49:23 : 23 And kings have been thy nursing fathers, And their princesses thy nursing mothers; Face to the earth -- they bow down to thee, And the dust of thy feet they lick up, And thou hast known that I `am' Jehovah, That those expecting Me are not ashamed.
• Isa 63:1-6 : 1 `Who `is' this coming from Edom? With dyed garments from Bozrah? This that is honourable in his clothing, Travelling in the abundance of his power?' -- `I, speaking in righteousness, mighty to save.' 2 `Wherefore `is' thy clothing red? And thy garments as treading in a wine fat?' 3 -- `A wine-press I have trodden by myself, And of the peoples there is no one with me, And I tread them in mine anger, And I trample them in my fury, Sprinkled is their strength on my garments, And all my clothing I have polluted. 4 For the day of vengeance `is' in my heart, And the year of my redeemed hath come. 5 And I look attentively, and there is none helping, And I am astonished that there is none supporting, And give salvation to me doth mine own arm. And my wrath -- it hath supported me. 6 And I tread down peoples in mine anger, And I make them drunk in my fury, And I bring down to earth their strength.
• Dan 2:44-45 : 44 `And in the days of these kings raise up doth the God of the heavens a kingdom that is not destroyed -- to the age, and its kingdom to another people is not left: it beateth small and endeth all these kingdoms, and it standeth to the age. 45 Because that thou hast seen that out of the mountain cut hath been a stone without hands, and it hath beaten small the iron, the brass, the clay, the silver, and the gold; the great God hath made known to the king that which `is' to be after this; and the dream `is' true, and its interpretation stedfast.
• Zeph 2:8-9 : 8 I have heard the reproach of Moab, And the revilings of the sons of Ammon, Wherewith they reproached My people, And magnify `themselves' against their border. 9 Therefore, I live, An affirmation of Jehovah of Hosts, God of Israel, Surely, Moab is as Sodom, And the sons of Ammon as Gomorrah, An overrunning of nettles and salt-pits, And a desolation -- unto the age. A residue of My people do seize them, And a remnant of My nation inherit them.
• Mal 1:2-5 : 2 I have loved you, said Jehovah, And ye have said, `In what hast Thou loved us?' 3 Is not Esau Jacob's brother? -- an affirmation of Jehovah, And I love Jacob, and Esau I have hated, And I make his mountains a desolation, And his inheritance for dragons of a wilderness. 4 Because Edom saith, `We have been made poor, And we turn back and we build the wastes,' Thus said Jehovah of Hosts: They do build, and I do destroy, And `men' have called to them, `O region of wickedness,' `O people whom Jehovah defied to the age.' 5 And your eyes do see, and ye say, `Magnified is Jehovah beyond the border of Israel,
• Matt 25:40 : 40 `And the king answering, shall say to them, Verily I say to you, Inasmuch as ye did `it' to one of these my brethren -- the least -- to me ye did `it'.
• Matt 25:45 : 45 `Then shall he answer them, saying, Verily I say to you, Inasmuch as ye did `it' not to one of these, the least, ye did `it' not to me.