Luke 20:10

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

and at the season he sent unto the husbandmen a servant, that from the fruit of the vineyard they may give to him, but the husbandmen having beat him, did send `him' away empty.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Καὶ ἐν καιρῷ ἀπέστειλεν πρὸς τοὺς γεωργοὺς δοῦλον, ἵνα ἀπὸ τοῦ καρποῦ τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος δῶσιν αὐτῷ: οἱ δὲ γεωργοὶ δείραντες αὐτὸν, ἐξαπέστειλαν κενόν.

Transliteration

And in kairō he apesteilen pros the geōrgous doulon, that from the karpou of the ampelōnos they might dōsin to him: the de geōrgoi deirantes him, exapesteilan kenon.

Grammar Details

• *kairō*: dative, masculine, singular - season/time
• *apesteilen*: aorist active, 3rd singular - sent
• *pros*: preposition + accusative - to/toward
• *geōrgous*: accusative, masculine, plural - farmers
• *doulon*: accusative, masculine, singular - slave/servant
• *karpou*: genitive, masculine, singular - fruit/produce
• *ampelōnos*: genitive, masculine, singular - of the vineyard
• *dōsin*: aorist active subjunctive, 3rd plural - they might give
• *de*: postpositive conjunction - but/and
• *geōrgoi*: nominative, masculine, plural - farmers
• *deirantes*: aorist active participle, nominative, plural - having beaten
• *exapesteilan*: aorist active, 3rd plural - sent away
• *kenon*: accusative, masculine, singular - empty

Word Meanings

• *kairō*: season/appointed time/proper time
• *apesteilen*: sent/dispatched
• *pros*: to/toward/with
• *geōrgous*: farmers/vinedressers/husbandmen
• *doulon*: slave/servant/bondservant
• *karpou*: fruit/produce/yield
• *dōsin*: they might give/they should give
• *deirantes*: having beaten/after beating/having flogged
• *exapesteilan*: sent away/dismissed
• *kenon*: empty/empty-handed/without anything

Referenced Verses

• 2 Chr 36:15-16 : 15 And Jehovah, God of their fathers, sendeth unto them by the hand of His messengers -- rising early and sending -- for He hath had pity on His people, and on His habitation, 16 and they are mocking at the messengers of God, and despising His words, and acting deceitfully with His prophets, till the going up of the fury of Jehovah against His people -- till there is no healing.
• Neh 9:26 : 26 `And they are disobedient, and rebel against Thee, and cast Thy law behind their back, and Thy prophets they have slain, who testified against them, to bring them back unto Thee, and they do great despisings,
• Matt 21:34-36 : 34 `And when the season of the fruits came nigh, he sent his servants unto the husbandmen, to receive the fruits of it, 35 and the husbandmen having taken his servants, one they scourged, and one they killed, and one they stoned. 36 `Again he sent other servants more than the first, and they did to them in the same manner.
• Mark 12:2-5 : 2 and he sent unto the husbandmen at the due time a servant, that from the husbandmen he may receive from the fruit of the vineyard, 3 and they, having taken him, did severely beat `him', and did send him away empty. 4 `And again he sent unto them another servant, and at that one having cast stones, they wounded `him' in the head, and sent away -- dishonoured. 5 `And again he sent another, and that one they killed; and many others, some beating, and some killing.
• Luke 11:47-50 : 47 `Wo to you, because ye build the tombs of the prophets, and your fathers killed them. 48 Then do ye testify, and are well pleased with the works of your fathers, because they indeed killed them, and ye do build their tombs; 49 because of this also the wisdom of God said: I will send to them prophets, and apostles, and some of them they shall kill and persecute, 50 that the blood of all the prophets, that is being poured forth from the foundation of the world, may be required from this generation;
• Luke 13:34 : 34 `Jerusalem, Jerusalem, that is killing the prophets, and stoning those sent unto her, how often did I will to gather together thy children, as a hen her brood under the wings, and ye did not will.
• John 15:16 : 16 `Ye did not choose out me, but I chose out you, and did appoint you, that ye might go away, and might bear fruit, and your fruit might remain, that whatever ye may ask of the Father in my name, He may give you.
• Rom 7:4 : 4 So that, my brethren, ye also were made dead to the law through the body of the Christ, for your becoming another's, who out of the dead was raised up, that we might bear fruit to God;
• Judg 6:8-9 : 8 that Jehovah sendeth a man, a prophet, unto the sons of Israel, and he saith to them, `Thus said Jehovah, God of Israel, I -- I have brought you up out of Egypt, and I bring you out from a house of servants, 9 and I deliver you out of the hand of the Egyptians, and out of the hand of all your oppressors, and I cast them out from your presence, and I give to you their land, 10 and I say to you, I `am' Jehovah your God, ye do not fear the gods of the Amorite in whose land ye are dwelling: -- and ye have not hearkened to My voice.'
• 1 Kgs 22:24 : 24 And Zedekiah son of Chenaanah draweth nigh, and smiteth Micaiah on the cheek, and saith, `Where `is' this -- he hath passed over -- the Spirit of Jehovah -- from me to speak with thee?'
• 2 Kgs 17:13 : 13 And Jehovah testifieth against Israel, and against Judah, by the hand of every prophet, and every seer, saying, `Turn back from your evil ways, and keep My commands, My statutes, according to all the law that I commanded your fathers, and that I sent unto you by the hand of My servants the prophets;'
• 2 Chr 16:10 : 10 And Asa is angry at the seer, and giveth him to the house of torture, for `he is' in a rage with him for this; and Asa oppresseth `some' of the people at that time.
• 2 Chr 24:19-21 : 19 And He sendeth among them prophets, to bring them back unto Jehovah, and they testify against them, and they have not given ear; 20 and the Spirit of God hath clothed Zechariah son of Jehoiada the priest, and he standeth over-against the people, and saith to them, `Thus said God, Why are ye transgressing the commands of Jehovah, and prosper not? because ye have forsaken Jehovah -- He doth forsake you.' 21 And they conspire against him, and stone him with stones by the command of the king, in the court of the house of Jehovah,
• Neh 9:30 : 30 `And Thou drawest over them many years, and testifiest against them by Thy Spirit, by the hand of Thy prophets, and they have not given ear, and Thou dost give them into the hand of peoples of the lands,
• Ps 1:3 : 3 And he hath been as a tree, Planted by rivulets of water, That giveth its fruit in its season, And its leaf doth not wither, And all that he doth he causeth to prosper.
• Jer 2:30 : 30 In vain I have smitten your sons, Instruction they have not accepted, Devoured hath your sword your prophets, As a destroying lion.
• Jer 5:24 : 24 And they have not said in their heart, `Let us fear, we pray you, Jehovah our God, who is giving rain, The sprinkling and the gathered, in its season, The appointed weeks of harvest He keepeth for us.'
• Jer 20:2 : 2 and Pashhur smiteth Jeremiah the prophet, and putteth him unto the stocks, that `are' by the high gate of Benjamin, that `is' by the house of Jehovah.
• Jer 25:3-7 : 3 `From the thirteenth year of Josiah son of Amon king of Judah, and unto this day -- this three and twentieth year -- hath the word of Jehovah been unto me, and I speak unto you, rising early and speaking, and ye have not hearkened; 4 And Jehovah hath sent unto you all His servants, the prophets, rising early and sending, and ye have not hearkened, nor inclined your ear to hear, saying: 5 `Turn back, I pray you, each from his evil way, and from the evil of your doings, and dwell on the ground that Jehovah hath given to you and to your fathers from age unto age, 6 And ye do not go after other gods to serve them, and to bow yourselves to them, nor do ye provoke Me to anger with the work of your hands, and I do no evil to you; 7 And ye have not hearkened unto Me -- an affirmation of Jehovah -- so as to provoke Me to anger with the work of your hands for evil to you.
• Jer 26:2-6 : 2 `Thus said Jehovah, Stand thou in the court of the house of Jehovah, and thou hast spoken unto all `those of' the cities of Judah who are coming in to bow themselves in the house of Jehovah, all the words that I have commanded thee to speak unto them, thou dost not diminish a word. 3 If so be they hearken, and turn back each from his evil way, then I have repented concerning the evil that I am thinking of doing to them, because of the evil of their doings. 4 `And thou hast said unto them: Thus said Jehovah, If ye do not hearken unto Me, to walk in My law, that I set before you, 5 To hearken to the words of My servants the prophets, whom I am sending unto you, yea, rising early and sending, and ye have not hearkened, 6 Then I have given up this house as Shiloh, and this city I give up for a reviling to all nations of the earth.'
• Jer 26:20-24 : 20 `And also there hath been a man prophesying in the name of Jehovah, Urijah son of Shemaiah, of Kirjath-Jearim, and he prophesieth against this city, and against this land according to all the words of Jeremiah, 21 And the king Jehoiakim, and all his mighty ones, and all the heads, hear his words, and the king seeketh to put him to death, and Urijah heareth, and feareth, and fleeth, and goeth in to Egypt. 22 And the king Jehoiakim sendeth men to Egypt -- Elnathan son of Achbor, and men with him unto Egypt -- 23 And they bring out Urijah from Egypt, and bring him in unto the king Jehoiakim, and he smiteth him with a sword, and casteth his corpse unto the graves of the sons of the people.' 24 Only, the hand of Ahikam son of Shaphan hath been with Jeremiah so as not to give him up into the hand of the people to put him to death.
• Jer 29:26-27 : 26 Jehovah hath made thee priest instead of Jehoiada the priest, for there being inspectors of the house of Jehovah, for every one mad and making himself a prophet, and thou hast put him unto the torture and unto the stocks. 27 And now, why hast thou not pushed against Jeremiah of Anathoth, who is making himself a prophet to you?
• Jer 35:15 : 15 And I send unto you all My servants the prophets, rising early and sending, saying: Turn back, I pray you, each from his evil way, and amend your doings, yea, ye do not walk after other gods, to serve them, and dwell ye on the ground that I have given to you and to your fathers; and ye have not inclined your ear, nor hearkened unto Me.
• Jer 37:15-16 : 15 and the heads are wroth against Jeremiah, and have smitten him, and put him in the prison-house -- the house of Jonathan the scribe, for it they had made for a prison-house. 16 When Jeremiah hath entered into the house of the dungeon, and unto the cells, then Jeremiah dwelleth there many days,
• Jer 38:4-6 : 4 And the heads say unto the king, `Let, we pray thee, this man be put to death, because that he is making feeble the hands of the men of war, who are left in this city, and the hands of all the people, by speaking unto them according to these words, for this man is not seeking for the peace of this people, but for its evil.' 5 And the king Zedekiah saith, `Lo, he `is' in your hand: for the king is not able for you `in' anything.' 6 And they take Jeremiah, and cast him into the pit of Malchiah son of the king, that `is' in the court of the prison, and they send down Jeremiah with cords; and in the pit there is no water, but mire, and Jeremiah sinketh in the mire.
• Jer 44:4-5 : 4 `And I send unto you all my servants, the prophets, rising early and sending, saying: I pray you, do not this abomination that I have hated -- 5 and they have not hearkened nor inclined their ear, to turn back from their wickedness, not to make perfume to other gods,
• Hos 6:4-6 : 4 What do I do to thee, O Ephraim? What do I do to thee, O Judah? Your goodness `is' as a cloud of the morning, And as dew rising early -- going. 5 Therefore I have hewed by prophets, I have slain them by sayings of My mouth, And My judgments to the light goeth forth. 6 For kindness I desired, and not sacrifice, And a knowledge of God above burnt-offerings.
• Zech 1:3-6 : 3 And thou hast said unto them, Thus said Jehovah of Hosts, turn back unto Me, An affirmation of Jehovah of Hosts, And I turn back unto you, said Jehovah of Hosts. 4 Ye shall not be as your fathers, To whom the former prophets called, saying: Thus said Jehovah of Hosts, Turn back I pray you, From your evil ways and from your evil doings, And they did not hearken, Nor attend to Me -- an affirmation of Jehovah. 5 Your fathers -- where `are' they? And the prophets -- to the age do they live? 6 Only, My words, and My statutes, That I commanded My servants the prophets, Have they not overtaken your fathers, And they turn back and say: As Jehovah of Hosts designed to do to us, According to our ways, and according to our doings, So He hath done to us?'
• Zech 7:9-9 : 9 `Thus spake Jehovah of Hosts, saying: True judgment judge ye, And kindness and mercy do one with another. 10 And widow, and fatherless, Sojourner, and poor, ye do not oppress, And the calamity of one another ye do not devise in your heart. 11 And they refuse to attend, And they give a refractory shoulder, And their ears have made heavy against hearing. 12 And their heart they have made adamant, Against hearing the law, and the words, That Jehovah of Hosts sent by His Spirit, By the hand of the former prophets, And their is great wrath from Jehovah of Hosts. 13 And it cometh to pass, as He called, And they have not hearkened, So do they call, and I do not hearken, Said Jehovah of Hosts.