Matthew 23:37

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

`Jerusalem, Jerusalem, that art killing the prophets, and stoning those sent unto thee, how often did I will to gather thy children together, as a hen doth gather her own chickens under the wings, and ye did not will.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

Ἰερουσαλήμ, Ἰερουσαλήμ, ἡ ἀποκτείνουσα τοὺς προφήτας, καὶ λιθοβολοῦσα τοὺς ἀπεσταλμένους πρὸς αὐτήν, ποσάκις ἠθέλησα ἐπισυναγαγεῖν τὰ τέκνα σου, ὃν τρόπον ἐπισυνάγει ὄρνις τὰ νοσσία ἑαυτῆς ὑπὸ τὰς πτέρυγας, καὶ οὐκ ἠθελήσατε!

Transliteration

Ierousalēm, Ierousalēm, the one apokteinousa the prophētas, and lithobolousa the ones apestalmenous pros her, how-often ēthelēsa episynagagein the tekna of-you, which tropon episynagei ornis the nossia of-herself under the pterygas, and not ēthelēsate!

Grammar Details

• *Ierousalēm*: vocative - Jerusalem (direct address, repeated for emphasis)
• *hē apokteinousa*: present, active, participle, nominative, feminine, singular with article - the one killing
• *prophētas*: accusative, masculine, plural - prophets
• *lithobolousa*: present, active, participle, nominative, feminine, singular - stoning
• *apestalmenous*: perfect, passive, participle, accusative, masculine, plural - having been sent
• *pros*: preposition with accusative - to/toward
• *autēn*: accusative, feminine, singular - her
• *posakis*: interrogative adverb - how often/how many times
• *ēthelēsa*: aorist, active, indicative, 1st person singular - I wanted/wished
• *episynagagein*: aorist, active, infinitive - to gather together
• *tekna*: accusative, neuter, plural - children
• *sou*: genitive, singular - of you
• *hon tropon*: accusative of manner - in which manner/way
• *episynagei*: present, active, indicative, 3rd person singular - gathers together
• *ornis*: nominative, feminine, singular - bird/hen
• *nossia*: accusative, neuter, plural - young birds/chicks
• *heautēs*: genitive, feminine, singular, reflexive pronoun - of herself
• *hypo*: preposition with accusative - under
• *pterygas*: accusative, feminine, plural - wings
• *ouk ēthelēsate*: aorist, active, indicative, 2nd person plural with negative - you did not want/wish

Word Meanings

• *apokteinousa*: killing/putting to death/slaying
• *prophētas*: prophets/those who speak for God
• *lithobolousa*: stoning/throwing stones at
• *apestalmenous*: having been sent/commissioned/dispatched
• *ēthelēsa*: wanted/wished/desired
• *episynagagein*: to gather together/collect/bring together
• *tekna*: children/offspring/inhabitants
• *tropon*: manner/way/method
• *episynagei*: gathers together/collects/brings together
• *ornis*: bird/hen/mother bird
• *nossia*: young birds/chicks/brood
• *pterygas*: wings/feathered appendages
• *ēthelēsate*: wanted/wished/were willing

Referenced Verses

• Deut 32:11-12 : 11 As an eagle waketh up its nest, Over its young ones fluttereth, Spreadeth its wings -- taketh them, Beareth them on its pinions; -- 12 Jehovah alone doth lead him, And there is no strange god with him.
• Ruth 2:12 : 12 Jehovah doth recompense thy work, and thy reward is complete from Jehovah, God of Israel, under whose wings thou hast come to take refuge.'
• Matt 5:12 : 12 rejoice ye and be glad, because your reward `is' great in the heavens, for thus did they persecute the prophets who were before you.
• Neh 9:26 : 26 `And they are disobedient, and rebel against Thee, and cast Thy law behind their back, and Thy prophets they have slain, who testified against them, to bring them back unto Thee, and they do great despisings,
• Ps 63:7 : 7 For Thou hast been a help to me, And in the shadow of Thy wings I sing.
• Jer 6:16-17 : 16 Thus said Jehovah: Stand ye by the ways and see, and ask for paths of old, Where `is' this -- the good way? and go ye in it, And find rest for yourselves. And they say, `We do not go.' 17 And I have raised up for you watchmen, Attend ye to the voice of the trumpet. And they say, `We do not attend.'
• Luke 13:34-35 : 34 `Jerusalem, Jerusalem, that is killing the prophets, and stoning those sent unto her, how often did I will to gather together thy children, as a hen her brood under the wings, and ye did not will. 35 `Lo, your house is being left to you desolate, and verily I say to you -- ye may not see me, till it may come, when ye may say, Blessed `is' he who is coming in the name of the Lord.'
• Luke 14:17-20 : 17 and he sent his servant at the hour of the supper to say to those having been called, Be coming, because now are all things ready. 18 `And they began with one consent all to excuse themselves: The first said to him, A field I bought, and I have need to go forth and see it; I beg of thee, have me excused. 19 `And another said, Five yoke of oxen I bought, and I go on to prove them; I beg of thee, have me excused: 20 and another said, A wife I married, and because of this I am not able to come.
• Luke 15:28 : 28 `And he was angry, and would not go in, therefore his father, having come forth, was entreating him;
• Luke 19:14-44 : 14 and his citizens were hating him, and did send an embassy after him, saying, We do not wish this one to reign over us. 15 `And it came to pass, on his coming back, having taken the kingdom, that he commanded these servants to be called to him, to whom he gave the money, that he might know what any one had done in business. 16 `And the first came near, saying, Sir, thy pound did gain ten pounds; 17 and he said to him, Well done, good servant, because in a very little thou didst become faithful, be having authority over ten cities. 18 `And the second came, saying, Sir, thy pound made five pounds; 19 and he said also to this one, And thou, become thou over five cities. 20 `And another came, saying, Sir, lo, thy pound, that I had lying away in a napkin; 21 for I was afraid of thee, because thou art an austere man; thou takest up what thou didst not lay down, and reapest what thou didst not sow. 22 `And he saith to him, Out of thy mouth I will judge thee, evil servant: thou knewest that I am an austere man, taking up what I did not lay down, and reaping what I did not sow! 23 and wherefore didst thou not give my money to the bank, and I, having come, with interest might have received it? 24 `And to those standing by he said, Take from him the pound, and give to him having the ten pounds -- 25 (and they said to him, Sir, he hath ten pounds) -- 26 for I say to you, that to every one having shall be given, and from him not having, also what he hath shall be taken from him, 27 but those my enemies, who did not wish me to reign over them, bring hither and slay before me.' 28 And having said these things, he went on before, going up to Jerusalem. 29 And it came to pass, as he came nigh to Bethphage and Bethany, unto the mount called of the Olives, he sent two of his disciples, 30 having said, Go away to the village over-against, in which, entering into, ye shall find a colt bound, on which no one of men did ever sit, having loosed it, bring `it'; 31 and if any one doth question you, Wherefore do ye loose `it'? thus ye shall say to him -- The Lord hath need of it.' 32 And those sent, having gone away, found according as he said to them, 33 and while they are loosing the colt, its owners said unto them, `Why loose ye the colt?' 34 and they said, `The Lord hath need of it;' 35 and they brought it unto Jesus, and having cast their garments upon the colt, they did set Jesus upon it. 36 And as he is going, they were spreading their garments in the way, 37 and as he is coming nigh now, at the descent of the mount of the Olives, the whole multitude of the disciples began rejoicing to praise God with a great voice for all the mighty works they had seen, 38 saying, `blessed `is' he who is coming, a king in the name of the Lord; peace in heaven, and glory in the highest.' 39 And certain of the Pharisees from the multitude said unto him, `Teacher, rebuke thy disciples;' 40 and he answering said to them, `I say to you, that, if these shall be silent, the stones will cry out!' 41 And when he came nigh, having seen the city, he wept over it, 42 saying -- `If thou didst know, even thou, at least in this thy day, the things for thy peace; but now they were hid from thine eyes. 43 `Because days shall come upon thee, and thine enemies shall cast around thee a rampart, and compass thee round, and press thee on every side, 44 and lay thee low, and thy children within thee, and they shall not leave in thee a stone upon a stone, because thou didst not know the time of thy inspection.'
• Luke 20:11-14 : 11 `And he added to send another servant, and they that one also having beaten and dishonoured, did send away empty; 12 and he added to send a third, and this one also, having wounded, they did cast out. 13 `And the owner of the vineyard said, What shall I do? I will send my son -- the beloved, perhaps having seen this one, they will do reverence; 14 and having seen him, the husbandmen reasoned among themselves, saying, This is the heir; come, we may kill him, that the inheritance may become ours;
• Acts 7:51-52 : 51 `Ye stiff-necked and uncircumcised in heart and in ears! ye do always the Holy Spirit resist; as your fathers -- also ye; 52 which of the prophets did not your fathers persecute? and they killed those who declared before about the coming of the Righteous One, of whom now ye betrayers and murderers have become,
• 1 Thess 2:15 : 15 who did both put to death the Lord Jesus and their own prophets, and did persecute us, and God they are not pleasing, and to all men `are' contrary,
• Rev 11:7-8 : 7 `And when they may finish their testimony, the beast that is coming up out of the abyss shall make war with them, and overcome them, and kill them, 8 and their dead bodies `are' upon the broad-place of the great city (that is called spiritually Sodom, and Egypt, where also our Lord was crucified,)
• Rev 17:6 : 6 And I saw the woman drunken from the blood of the saints, and from the blood of the witnesses of Jesus, and I did wonder -- having seen her -- with great wonder;
• Jer 11:7-8 : 7 For I certainly testified against your fathers, In the day of My bringing them up out of the land of Egypt -- till this day, Rising early and testifying, saying, Hearken to My voice, 8 And they have not hearkened nor inclined their ear, And they walk each in the stubbornness of their evil heart, And I bring on them all the words of this covenant, That I commanded to do, and they did not.'
• Jer 25:3-7 : 3 `From the thirteenth year of Josiah son of Amon king of Judah, and unto this day -- this three and twentieth year -- hath the word of Jehovah been unto me, and I speak unto you, rising early and speaking, and ye have not hearkened; 4 And Jehovah hath sent unto you all His servants, the prophets, rising early and sending, and ye have not hearkened, nor inclined your ear to hear, saying: 5 `Turn back, I pray you, each from his evil way, and from the evil of your doings, and dwell on the ground that Jehovah hath given to you and to your fathers from age unto age, 6 And ye do not go after other gods to serve them, and to bow yourselves to them, nor do ye provoke Me to anger with the work of your hands, and I do no evil to you; 7 And ye have not hearkened unto Me -- an affirmation of Jehovah -- so as to provoke Me to anger with the work of your hands for evil to you.
• Jer 26:23 : 23 And they bring out Urijah from Egypt, and bring him in unto the king Jehoiakim, and he smiteth him with a sword, and casteth his corpse unto the graves of the sons of the people.'
• Jer 35:15 : 15 And I send unto you all My servants the prophets, rising early and sending, saying: Turn back, I pray you, each from his evil way, and amend your doings, yea, ye do not walk after other gods, to serve them, and dwell ye on the ground that I have given to you and to your fathers; and ye have not inclined your ear, nor hearkened unto Me.
• Jer 42:9-9 : 9 and he saith unto them, `Thus said Jehovah, God of Israel, unto whom ye sent me, to cause your supplication to fall before Him: 10 `If ye do certainly dwell in this land, then I have builded you up, and I throw not down; and I have planted you, and I pluck not up; for I have repented concerning the evil that I have done to you. 11 Be not afraid of the king of Babylon, whom ye are afraid of; be not afraid of him -- an affirmation of Jehovah -- for with you `am' I, to save you, and to deliver you from his hand. 12 And I give to you mercies, and he hath pitied you, and caused you to turn back unto your own ground. 13 `And if ye are saying, We do not dwell in this land -- not to hearken to the voice of Jehovah your God,
• Jer 44:4 : 4 `And I send unto you all my servants, the prophets, rising early and sending, saying: I pray you, do not this abomination that I have hated --
• Hos 11:2 : 2 They have called to them rightly, They have gone from before them, To lords they do sacrifice, And to graven images they make perfume.
• Hos 11:7 : 7 And My people are hanging in suspense, about My returning, And unto the Most High they do call, Together they exalt not.
• Zech 1:4 : 4 Ye shall not be as your fathers, To whom the former prophets called, saying: Thus said Jehovah of Hosts, Turn back I pray you, From your evil ways and from your evil doings, And they did not hearken, Nor attend to Me -- an affirmation of Jehovah.
• Ps 81:8-9 : 8 Hear, O My people, and I testify to thee, O Israel, if thou dost hearken to me: 9 There is not in thee a strange god, And thou bowest not thyself to a strange god. 10 I `am' Jehovah thy God, Who bringeth thee up out of the land of Egypt. Enlarge thy mouth, and I fill it. 11 But, My people hearkened not to My voice, And Israel hath not consented to Me.
• Ps 91:4 : 4 With His pinion He covereth thee over, And under His wings thou dost trust, A shield and buckler `is' His truth.
• Prov 1:24-31 : 24 Because I have called, and ye refuse, I stretched out my hand, and none is attending, 25 And ye slight all my counsel, And my reproof ye have not desired. 26 I also in your calamity do laugh, I deride when your fear cometh, 27 When your fear cometh as destruction, And your calamity as a hurricane doth come, When on you come adversity and distress. 28 Then they call me, and I do not answer, They seek me earnestly, and find me not. 29 Because that they have hated knowledge, And the fear of Jehovah have not chosen. 30 They have not consented to my counsel, They have despised all my reproof, 31 And they eat of the fruit of their way, And from their own counsels they are filled.
• Isa 50:2 : 2 Wherefore have I come, and there is no one? I called, and there is none answering, Hath My hand been at all short of redemption? And is there not in me power to deliver? Lo, by My rebuke I dry up a sea, I make rivers a wilderness, Their fish stinketh, for there is no water, And dieth with thirst.
• Jer 2:30 : 30 In vain I have smitten your sons, Instruction they have not accepted, Devoured hath your sword your prophets, As a destroying lion.
• Jer 4:14 : 14 Wash from evil thy heart, O Jerusalem, That thou mayest be saved, Till when dost thou lodge in thy heart Thoughts of thy strength?
• Jer 6:8 : 8 Be instructed, O Jerusalem, Lest My soul be alienated from thee, Lest I make thee a desolation, a land not inhabited.
• Ps 17:8 : 8 Keep me as the apple, the daughter of the eye; In shadow of Thy wings thou dost hide me.
• Ps 36:7 : 7 How precious `is' Thy kindness, O God, And the sons of men In the shadow of Thy wings do trust.
• Ps 57:1 : 1 To the Overseer. -- `Destroy not.' -- A secret treasure of David, in his fleeing from the face of Saul into a cave. Favour me, O God, favour me, For in Thee is my soul trusting, And in the shadow of Thy wings I trust, Until the calamities pass over.
• 2 Chr 24:21-22 : 21 And they conspire against him, and stone him with stones by the command of the king, in the court of the house of Jehovah, 22 and Joash the king hath not remembered the kindness that Jehoiada his father did with him, and slayeth his son, and in his death he said, `Jehovah doth see, and require.'
• 2 Chr 36:15-16 : 15 And Jehovah, God of their fathers, sendeth unto them by the hand of His messengers -- rising early and sending -- for He hath had pity on His people, and on His habitation, 16 and they are mocking at the messengers of God, and despising His words, and acting deceitfully with His prophets, till the going up of the fury of Jehovah against His people -- till there is no healing.
• Matt 21:35-36 : 35 and the husbandmen having taken his servants, one they scourged, and one they killed, and one they stoned. 36 `Again he sent other servants more than the first, and they did to them in the same manner.
• Matt 22:3 : 3 and he sent forth his servants to call those having been called to the marriage-feasts, and they were not willing to come.
• Matt 22:6 : 6 and the rest, having laid hold on his servants, did insult and slay `them'.
• Matt 23:30 : 30 and say, If we had been in the days of our fathers, we would not have been partakers with them in the blood of the prophets.
• Mark 12:3-6 : 3 and they, having taken him, did severely beat `him', and did send him away empty. 4 `And again he sent unto them another servant, and at that one having cast stones, they wounded `him' in the head, and sent away -- dishonoured. 5 `And again he sent another, and that one they killed; and many others, some beating, and some killing. 6 `Having yet therefore one son -- his beloved -- he sent also him unto them last, saying -- They will reverence my son;