Zechariah 2:8

Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

For thus said Jehovah of Hosts: After honour He hath sent me unto the nations who are spoiling you, For he who is coming against you, Is coming against the daughter of His eye.

📖 Grammatical Analysis

Original Text

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֔ו רֻ֗ץ דַּבֵּ֛ר אֶל־הַנַּ֥עַר הַלָּ֖ז לֵאמֹ֑ר פְּרָזוֹת֙ תֵּשֵׁ֣ב יְרוּשָׁלִַ֔ם מֵרֹ֥ב אָדָ֛ם וּבְהֵמָ֖ה בְּתוֹכָֽהּ׃

Transliteration

And wayyōʾmer to him ruṣ dabbēr to-hannaʿar hallāz lēʾmōr pərāzôt tēšēb yərûšāla(i)m from rōb ʾādām and bəhēmāh in bətôḵāh

Grammar Details

• *wayyōʾmer*: 3rd person masculine singular imperfect consecutive (waw-conversive) of *ʾāmar* - he said
• *ruṣ*: imperative masculine singular Qal of *rûṣ* - run
• *dabbēr*: imperative masculine singular Piel of *dābar* - speak
• *hannaʿar*: definite article + noun masculine singular - the young man
• *hallāz*: definite article + demonstrative pronoun - this/that
• *lēʾmōr*: preposition + infinitive construct Qal of *ʾāmar* - saying
• *pərāzôt*: noun feminine plural - unwalled villages/towns
• *tēšēb*: 3rd person feminine singular imperfect Qal of *yāšab* - she will dwell/sit/remain
• *yərûšāla(i)m*: proper noun - Jerusalem
• *rōb*: noun masculine singular construct - abundance/multitude of
• *ʾādām*: noun masculine singular - man/mankind/people
• *bəhēmāh*: noun feminine singular - cattle/beast/animal
• *bətôḵāh*: preposition + noun masculine singular + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - in her midst

Word Meanings

• *pərāzôt*: unwalled villages/open regions/countryside/without walls
• *tēšēb*: will dwell/will inhabit/will sit/will remain

Referenced Verses

• Deut 32:10 : 10 He findeth him in a land -- a desert, And in a void -- a howling wilderness, He turneth him round -- He causeth him to understand -- He keepeth him as the apple of His eye.
• John 14:26 : 26 and the Comforter, the Holy Spirit, whom the Father will send in my name, he will teach you all things, and remind you of all things that I said to you.
• John 15:21-23 : 21 but all these things will they do to you, because of my name, because they have not known Him who sent me; 22 if I had not come and spoken to them, they were not having sin; but now pretext they have not for their sin. 23 `He who is hating me, doth hate also my Father;
• Ps 17:8 : 8 Keep me as the apple, the daughter of the eye; In shadow of Thy wings thou dost hide me.
• Ps 105:13-15 : 13 And they go up and down, from nation unto nation, From a kingdom unto another people. 14 He hath not suffered any to oppress them And He reproveth for their sakes kings. 15 `Strike not against Mine anointed, And to My prophets do not evil.'
• Isa 48:15-16 : 15 I -- I have spoken, yea, I have called him, I have brought him in, And he hath made prosperous his way. 16 Come ye near unto me, hear this, Not from the beginning in secret spake I, From the time of its being, there `am' I, And now the Lord Jehovah hath sent me, and His Spirit.
• Isa 60:7-9 : 7 All the flock of Kedar are gathered to thee, The rams of Nebaioth do serve thee, They ascend for acceptance Mine altar, And the house of My beauty I beautify. 8 Who `are' these -- as a thick cloud they fly, And as doves unto their windows? 9 Surely for Me isles do wait, And ships of Tarshish first, To bring thy sons from afar, Their silver and their gold with them, To the name of Jehovah thy God, And to the Holy One of Israel, Because He hath beautified thee. 10 And sons of a stranger have built thy walls, And their kings do serve thee, For in My wrath I have smitten thee, And in My good pleasure I have pitied thee. 11 And opened have thy gates continually, By day and by night they are not shut, To bring unto thee the force of nations, Even their kings are led. 12 For the nation and the kingdom that do not serve thee perish, Yea, the nations are utterly wasted. 13 The honour of Lebanon unto thee doth come, Fir, pine, and box together, To beautify the place of My sanctuary, And the place of My feet I make honourable. 14 And come unto thee, bowing down, Have sons of those afflicting thee, And bowed themselves to the soles of thy feet Have all despising thee, And they have cried to thee: `City of Jehovah, Zion of the Holy One of Israel.'
• Jer 50:17-18 : 17 A scattered sheep is Israel, lions have driven away, At first, devour him did the king of Asshur, And now, at last, broken his bone Hath Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon. 18 Therefore thus said Jehovah of Hosts, God of Israel: Lo, I am seeing after the king of Babylon, And after his land, As I have seen after the king of Asshur;
• Jer 51:34-35 : 34 Devoured us, crushed us, hath Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon, He hath set us `as' an empty vessel, He hath swallowed us as a dragon, He hath filled his belly with my dainties, He hath driven us away. 35 My wrong, and `that of' my flesh `is' on Babylon, Say doth the inhabitant of Zion, And my blood `is' on the inhabitants of Chaldea, Say doth Jerusalem.
• Ezek 25:6-7 : 6 For thus said the Lord Jehovah: Because of thy clapping the hand, And of thy stamping with the foot, And thou rejoicest with all thy despite in soul Against the ground of Israel, 7 Therefore, lo, I -- I have stretched out My hand against thee, And have given thee for a portion to nations, And I have cut thee off from the peoples, And caused thee to perish from the lands; I destroy thee, and thou hast known that I `am' Jehovah.
• Ezek 25:12 : 12 Thus said the Lord Jehovah: Because of the doings of Edom, In taking vengeance on the house of Judah, Yea, they are very guilty, And they have taken vengeance on them.
• Ezek 25:15 : 15 Thus said the Lord Jehovah: Because of the doings of the Philistines in vengeance, And they take vengeance with despite in soul, To destroy -- the enmity age-during!
• Ezek 26:2 : 2 Because that Tyre hath said of Jerusalem: Aha, she hath been broken, the doors of the peoples, She hath turned round unto me, I am filled -- she hath been laid waste,
• Ezek 35:5 : 5 Because of thy having an enmity age-during, And thou dost saw the sons of Israel, By the hands of the sword, In the time of their calamity, In the time of the iniquity of the end:
• Joel 3:2-8 : 2 Then I have gathered all the nations, And caused them to go down unto the valley of Jehoshaphat, And I have been judged with them there, Concerning My people and Mine inheritance -- Israel, Whom they scattered among nations, And My land they have apportioned. 3 And for My people they do cast a lot, And they give the young man for an harlot, And the young woman have sold for wine, That they may drink. 4 And also, what `are' ye to Me, O Tyre and Zidon, And all circuits of Philistia? Recompence are ye rendering unto Me? And if ye are giving recompence to Me, Swiftly, hastily, I turn back your recompence on your head. 5 In that My silver and My gold ye took, And My desirable things that are good, Ye have brought in to your temples. 6 And sons of Judah, and sons of Jerusalem, Ye have sold to the sons of Javan, To put them far off from their border. 7 Lo, I am stirring them up out of the place Whither ye have sold them, And I have turned back your recompence on your head, 8 And have sold your sons and your daughters Into the hand of the sons of Judah, And they have sold them to Shabeans, Unto a nation far off, for Jehovah hath spoken.
• Amos 1:3-5 : 3 And thus said Jehovah: For three transgressions of Damascus, And for four, I do not reverse it, Because of their threshing Gilead with sharp-pointed irons, 4 And I have sent a fire against the house of Hazael, And it hath consumed the palaces of Ben-Hadad. 5 And I have broken the bar of Damascus, And cut off the inhabitant from Bikat-Aven, And a holder of a sceptre from Beth-Eden, And removed have been the people of Aram to Kir, said Jehovah.
• Amos 1:9 : 9 Thus said Jehovah: For three transgressions of Tyre, And for four, I do not reverse it, Because of their delivering up a complete captivity to Edom, And they remembered not the brotherly covenant,
• Amos 1:11 : 11 Thus said Jehovah: For three transgressions of Edom, And for four, I do not reverse it, Because of his pursuing with a sword his brother, And he hath destroyed his mercies, And tear perpetually doth his anger, And his wrath -- he hath kept it for ever,
• Amos 1:13 : 13 Thus said Jehovah: For three transgressions of the sons of Ammon, And for four, I do not reverse it, Because of their ripping up the pregnant ones of Gilead, To enlarge their border,
• Obad 1:10-16 : 10 For slaughter, for violence `to' thy brother Jacob, Cover thee doth shame, And thou hast been cut off -- to the age. 11 In the day of thy standing over-against, In the day of strangers taking captive his force, And foreigners have entered his gates, And for Jerusalem have cast a lot, Even thou `art' as one of them! 12 And -- thou dost not look on the day of thy brother, On the day of his alienation, Nor dost thou rejoice over sons of Judah, In the day of their destruction, Nor make great thy mouth in a day of distress. 13 Nor come into a gate of My people in a day of their calamity, Nor look, even thou, on its misfortune in a day of its calamity, Nor send forth against its force in a day of its calamity, 14 Nor stand by the breach to cut off its escaped, Nor deliver up its remnant in a day of distress. 15 For near `is' the day of Jehovah, on all the nations, As thou hast done, it is done to thee, Thy deed doth turn back on thine own head. 16 For -- as ye have drunk on My holy mount, Drink do all the nations continually, And they have drunk and have swallowed, And they have been as they have not been.
• Mic 4:11 : 11 And now, gathered against thee have been many nations, who are saying: `Let her be defiled, and our eyes look on Zion.'
• Mic 5:6 : 6 And they have afflicted the land of Asshur with the sword, And the land of Nimrod at its openings, And he hath delivered from Asshur when he doth come into our land, And when he treadeth in our borders.
• Mic 7:10 : 10 And see doth mine enemy, And cover her doth shame, Who saith unto me, `Where `is' Jehovah thy God?' Mine eyes do look on her, Now she is for a treading-place, As mire of the out-places.
• Hab 2:8 : 8 Because thou hast spoiled many nations, Spoil thee do all the remnant of the peoples, Because of man's blood, and of violence `to' the land, `To' the city, and `to' all dwelling in it.
• 2 Kgs 24:2 : 2 and Jehovah sendeth against him the troops of the Chaldeans, and the troops of Aram, and the troops of Moab, and the troops of the sons of Ammon, and He sendeth them against Judah to destroy it, according to the word of Jehovah, that He spake by the hand of His servants the prophets;
• 2 Thess 1:6 : 6 since `it is' a righteous thing with God to give back to those troubling you -- trouble,
• 1 John 4:9-9 : 9 In this was manifested the love of God in us, because His Son -- the only begotten -- hath God sent to the world, that we may live through him; 10 in this is the love, not that we loved God, but that He did love us, and did send His Son a propitiation for our sins.
• 1 John 4:14 : 14 And we -- we have seen and do testify, that the Father hath sent the Son -- Saviour of the world;
• Gen 20:6 : 6 And God saith unto him in the dream, `Yea, I -- I have known that in the integrity of thy heart thou hast done this, and I withhold thee, even I, from sinning against Me, therefore I have not suffered thee to come against her;
• John 17:18 : 18 as Thou didst send me to the world, I also did send them to the world;
• Acts 9:4 : 4 and having fallen upon the earth, he heard a voice saying to him, `Saul, Saul, why me dost thou persecute?'
• Hab 2:17 : 17 For violence `to' Lebanon doth cover thee, And spoil of beasts doth affright them, Because of man's blood, and of violence `to' the land, `To' the city, and `to' all dwelling in it.
• Zeph 2:8 : 8 I have heard the reproach of Moab, And the revilings of the sons of Ammon, Wherewith they reproached My people, And magnify `themselves' against their border.
• Zech 1:15-16 : 15 And `with' great wrath I am wroth against the nations who are at ease, For I was a little wroth, and they assisted -- for evil. 16 Therefore, thus said Jehovah: I have turned to Jerusalem with mercies, My house is built in it, An affirmation of Jehovah of Hosts, And a line is stretched over Jerusalem.
• Zech 2:4-5 : 4 and he saith unto him, `Run, speak unto this young man, saying: Unwalled villages inhabit doth Jerusalem, From the abundance of man and beast in her midst. 5 And I -- I am to her -- an affirmation of Jehovah, A wall of fire round about, And for honour I am in her midst.
• Zech 2:9 : 9 For lo, I am waving my hand against them, And they have been a spoil to their servants. And ye have known that Jehovah of Hosts hath sent me.
• Zech 2:11 : 11 And joined have been many nations unto Jehovah in that day, And they have been to Me for a people, And I have dwelt in thy midst, And thou hast known that Jehovah of Hosts hath sent me unto thee.
• Mal 3:1 : 1 Lo, I am sending My messenger, And he hath prepared a way before Me, And suddenly come in unto his temple Doth the Lord whom ye are seeking, Even the messenger of the covenant, Whom ye are desiring, Lo, he is coming, said Jehovah of Hosts.
• Matt 25:40 : 40 `And the king answering, shall say to them, Verily I say to you, Inasmuch as ye did `it' to one of these my brethren -- the least -- to me ye did `it'.
• Matt 25:45 : 45 `Then shall he answer them, saying, Verily I say to you, Inasmuch as ye did `it' not to one of these, the least, ye did `it' not to me.
• John 14:23-24 : 23 Jesus answered and said to him, `If any one may love me, my word he will keep, and my Father will love him, and unto him we will come, and abode with him we will make; 24 he who is not loving me, my words doth not keep; and the word that ye hear is not mine, but the Father's who sent me.