Verse 2

{ "verseID": "Esther.3.2", "source": "וְכָל־עַבְדֵ֨י הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ אֲשֶׁר־בְּשַׁ֣עַר הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ כֹּרְעִ֤ים וּמִֽשְׁתַּחֲוִים֙ לְהָמָ֔ן כִּי־כֵ֖ן צִוָּה־ל֣וֹ הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וּמָ֨רְדֳּכַ֔י לֹ֥א יִכְרַ֖ע וְלֹ֥א יִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶֽה׃", "text": "And-all-*ʿaḇdê* the-*melek* who-in-*šaʿar* the-*melek* *kōrəʿîm* and-*mištaḥăwîm* to-*hāmān* for-thus *ṣiwwâ*-to-him the-*melek* and-*mordŏkay* not *yikraʿ* and-not *yištaḥăweh*.", "grammar": { "*ʿaḇdê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - servants of", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*šaʿar*": "noun, masculine singular - gate", "*kōrəʿîm*": "Qal participle, masculine plural - bowing/bending the knee", "*mištaḥăwîm*": "Hishtaphel participle, masculine plural - prostrating themselves/worshipping", "*hāmān*": "proper name - Haman", "*ṣiwwâ*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - commanded/ordered", "*mordŏkay*": "proper name - Mordecai", "*yikraʿ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - would bow/bend knee", "*yištaḥăweh*": "Hishtaphel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - would prostrate himself/worship" }, "variants": { "*ʿaḇdê*": "servants/officials/slaves", "*šaʿar*": "gate/entrance/court (as place of official business)", "*kōrəʿîm*": "bowing/kneeling/bending knee", "*mištaḥăwîm*": "prostrating/worshipping/paying homage", "*ṣiwwâ*": "commanded/ordered/decreed" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Alle kongens tjenere som var samlet ved kongens port, bøyde kne og falt ned for Haman, for slik hadde kongen befalt. Men Mordekai bøyde ikke kne og falt ikke ned.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Og alle kongens tjenere som var ved kongens port, bøyde seg og æret Haman, for kongen hadde gitt så befaling angående ham. Men Mordekai bøyde seg ikke og viste ham ikke ære.

• Norsk King James

  Og alle kongens tjenere som var i kongens port, bøyde seg og viste Haman ære, for kongen hadde beordret dette. Men Mordekai bøyde seg ikke og viste ham ikke ære.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og alle kongens tjenere ved kongens port bøyde kne og bukket for Haman, for slik hadde kongen pålagt dem; men Mordekai bøyde ikke kne og bukket ikke.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  Og alle kongens tjenere som var ved kongens port bøyde seg ned og ga ære til Haman, for slik hadde kongen befalt. Men Mordekai bøyde seg ikke og tilbad ham ikke.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  Og alle kongens tjenere som var i kongens port, bøyde seg og viste ære for Haman, for det hadde kongen befalt. Men Mordekai bøyde seg ikke og viste ham ikke ære.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  Alle kongens tjenere som oppholdt seg ved porten, bøyde seg og viste Haman ærbødighet, for slik hadde kongen befalt om ham. Men Mordekai bøyde seg ikke, og han viste ham ingen respekt.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  Og alle kongens tjenere som var i kongens port, bøyde seg og viste ære for Haman, for det hadde kongen befalt. Men Mordekai bøyde seg ikke og viste ham ikke ære.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  Alle kongens tjenere som var ved kongens port, knelte og bøyde seg for Haman, for slik hadde kongen befalt. Men Mordekai knelte ikke og bøyde seg heller ikke for ham.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  All the king's servants who were at the king's gate would bow down and pay homage to Haman, for so the king had commanded concerning him. But Mordecai would not bow or pay homage.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  Alle kongens tjenere som var i kongens port, bøyde seg og tilba Haman, for slik hadde kongen befalt det for ham. Men Mordekai bøyde seg ikke og tilba ham ikke.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  Og alle Kongens Tjenere, som vare i Kongens Port, knælede og bøiede sig ned for Haman, thi Kongen havde saa budet om ham; men Mardochæus knælede ikke, ei heller nedbøiede sig (for ham).

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  And all the king's servants, that were in the king's gate, bowed, and reverenced Haman: for the king had so commanded concerning him. But Mordecai bowed not, nor did him reverence.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  Alle kongens tjenere som var ved kongens port, bøyde seg for og viste respekt for Haman, for det hadde kongen befalt. Men Mordekai bøyde seg ikke, og viste ham ikke ære.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  And all the king's servants who were in the king's gate bowed and reverenced Haman, for the king had so commanded concerning him. But Mordecai did not bow, nor did he show reverence.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  And all the king's servants, that were in the king's gate, bowed, and reverenced Haman: for the king had so commanded concerning him. But Mordecai bowed not, nor did him reverence.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  Alle kongens tjenere som var ved kongens port, bøyde seg ned og viser ære for Haman, for slik hadde kongen befalt. Men Mordekai bøyde seg ikke og viste ham ikke ære.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Alle kongens tjenere som var ved kongens port, bøyde seg og kastet seg ned foran Haman, slik kongen hadde befalt. Men Mordekai bøyde seg ikke og kastet seg ikke ned.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  Alle kongens tjenere som var ved kongens port, bøyde seg og æret Haman, for slik hadde kongen befalt om ham. Men Mordekai bøyde seg ikke og viste ham ingen ære.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Og alle kongens tjenere som var i kongens hus bøyde seg til jorden for Haman og æret ham, for slik hadde kongen gitt ordre. Men Mordekai bøyde seg ikke for ham eller æret ham.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  And all the kynges seruauntes that were in the gate, bowed their knees, and dyd reuerence vnto Aman: for the kinge had so comaunded. But Mardocheus bowed not the knee, and worshipped him not.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  And all the Kings seruants that were at the Kings gate, bowed their knees, & reuerenced Haman: for the King had so commaunded concerning him: but Mordecai bowed not the knee, neither did reuerence.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  And al the kinges seruauntes that were in the kinges gate, bowed their knees, and reuerenced Haman, for the king had so commaunded concerning hym: But Mardocheus bowed not the knee, neither dyd hym reuerence.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  And all the king's servants, that [were] in the king's gate, bowed, and reverenced Haman: for the king had so commanded concerning him. But Mordecai bowed not, nor did [him] reverence.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  All the king's servants, who were in the king's gate, bowed down, and did reverence to Haman; for the king had so commanded concerning him. But Mordecai didn't bow down, nor did him reverence.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  and all servants of the king, who `are' in the gate of the king, are bowing and doing obeisance to Haman, for so hath the king commanded for him; and Mordecai doth not bow nor do obeisance.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  And all the king's servants, that were in the king's gate, bowed down, and did reverence to Haman; for the king had so commanded concerning him. But Mordecai bowed not down, nor did him reverence.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  And all the king's servants who were in the king's house went down to the earth before Haman and gave him honour: for so the king had given orders. But Mordecai did not go down before him or give him honour.

• World English Bible (2000)

  All the king's servants who were in the king's gate bowed down, and paid homage to Haman; for the king had so commanded concerning him. But Mordecai didn't bow down or pay him homage.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  As a result, all the king’s servants who were at the king’s gate were bowing and paying homage to Haman, for the king had so commanded. However, Mordecai did not bow, nor did he pay him homage.

Referenced Verses

• Gen 41:43 : 43 { "verseID": "Genesis.41.43", "source": "וַיַּרְכֵּ֣ב אֹת֗וֹ בְּמִרְכֶּ֤בֶת הַמִּשְׁנֶה֙ אֲשֶׁר־ל֔וֹ וַיִּקְרְא֥וּ לְפָנָ֖יו אַבְרֵ֑ךְ וְנָת֣וֹן אֹת֔וֹ עַ֖ל כָּל־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "*wə-yarkēḇ* him *bəmirkebḇet hammisneh ʾăšer-lô wə-yiqrəʾû* before-him *ʾaḇrēk wə-nātôn* him over all-*ʾereṣ miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "*wə-yarkēḇ*": "waw consecutive with hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and he caused to ride", "*bəmirkebḇet*": "preposition + noun feminine singular construct - in chariot of", "*hammisneh*": "definite article + noun masculine singular - the second/second-in-rank", "*ʾăšer-lô*": "relative pronoun + preposition with 3rd masculine singular suffix - which [was] to him", "*wə-yiqrəʾû*": "waw consecutive with qal imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - and they proclaimed", "*ʾaḇrēk*": "foreign word/interjection - Abrek/bow down", "*wə-nātôn*": "conjunction + infinitive absolute - and setting/appointing", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun feminine singular construct - land of", "*miṣrāyim*": "proper noun - Egypt" }, "variants": { "*mirkebḇet hammisneh*": "second chariot/chariot of the second rank", "*ʾaḇrēk*": "bow down/kneel/tender father/royal advisor (foreign term of uncertain meaning)", "*nātôn*": "setting/appointing/giving authority" } }
• Esth 2:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Esther.2.19", "source": "וּבְהִקָּבֵ֥ץ בְּתוּל֖וֹת שֵׁנִ֑ית וּמָרְדֳּכַ֖י יֹשֵׁ֥ב בְּשַֽׁעַר־הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃", "text": "And-in-*hiqqāḇēṣ* *bəṯûlôṯ* second and-*mordŏḵay* *yōšēḇ* in-*šaʿar*-the-*meleḵ*.", "grammar": { "*hiqqāḇēṣ*": "infinitive construct, niphal - being gathered", "*bəṯûlôṯ*": "noun, feminine plural - virgins", "*mordŏḵay*": "proper noun - Mordecai", "*yōšēḇ*": "participle, qal active, masculine singular - sitting", "*šaʿar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - gate of", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king" }, "variants": { "*hiqqāḇēṣ*": "being gathered/being assembled/being collected", "*bəṯûlôṯ*": "virgins/maidens/unmarried young women", "*yōšēḇ*": "sitting/dwelling/positioned", "*šaʿar*": "gate/entrance/court" } }
• Esth 2:21 : 21 { "verseID": "Esther.2.21", "source": "בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔ם וּמָרְדֳּכַ֖י יֹשֵׁ֣ב בְּשַֽׁעַר־הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ קָצַף֩ בִּגְתָ֨ן וָתֶ֜רֶשׁ שְׁנֵֽי־סָרִיסֵ֤י הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ מִשֹּׁמְרֵ֣י הַסַּ֔ף וַיְבַקְשׁוּ֙ לִשְׁלֹ֣חַ יָ֔ד בַּמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹֽשׁ׃", "text": "In-the-*yāmîm* those and-*mordŏḵay* *yōšēḇ* in-*šaʿar*-the-*meleḵ* *qāṣaf* *biḡṯān* and-*ṯereš* two-*sārîsê* the-*meleḵ* from-*šōmərê* the-*saf* and-*yəḇaqšû* to-*šəlōaḥ* *yād* in-the-*meleḵ* *ʾăḥašwērōš*.", "grammar": { "*yāmîm*": "noun, masculine plural - days", "*mordŏḵay*": "proper noun - Mordecai", "*yōšēḇ*": "participle, qal active, masculine singular - sitting", "*šaʿar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - gate of", "*meleḵ*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*qāṣaf*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - was angry", "*biḡṯān*": "proper noun - Bigthan", "*ṯereš*": "proper noun - Teresh", "*sārîsê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - eunuchs of", "*šōmərê*": "participle, qal active, masculine plural construct - keepers of", "*saf*": "noun, masculine singular - threshold/door", "*yəḇaqšû*": "verb, piel imperfect with vav consecutive, 3rd masculine plural - and they sought", "*šəlōaḥ*": "infinitive construct, qal - to stretch out/send", "*yād*": "noun, feminine singular - hand", "*ʾăḥašwērōš*": "proper noun - Ahasuerus/Xerxes" }, "variants": { "*yāmîm*": "days/time/period", "*yōšēḇ*": "sitting/dwelling/positioned", "*šaʿar*": "gate/entrance/court", "*qāṣaf*": "was angry/raged/was furious", "*sārîsê*": "eunuchs of/court officials of/officers of", "*šōmərê*": "keepers of/guards of/watchmen of", "*saf*": "threshold/doorway/entrance", "*yəḇaqšû*": "sought/planned/attempted", "*šəlōaḥ*": "to stretch out/to send/to lay", "*yād*": "hand/power/violence" } }
• Esth 3:1 : 1 { "verseID": "Esther.3.1", "source": "אַחַ֣ר ׀ הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֗לֶּה גִּדַּל֩ הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵר֜וֹשׁ אֶת־הָמָ֧ן בֶּֽן־הַמְּדָ֛תָא הָאֲגָגִ֖י וַֽיְנַשְּׂאֵ֑הוּ וַיָּ֙שֶׂם֙ אֶת־כִּסְא֔וֹ מֵעַ֕ל כָּל־הַשָּׂרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתּֽוֹ׃", "text": "After *hadəḇārîm* the-these *giddal* the-*melek* *ʾaḥašwērôš* ʾet-*hāmān* *ben*-*hammədāṯāʾ* the-*ʾăḡāḡî* *wayənasśēʾēhû* and-*yayyāśem* ʾet-*kisəʾô* from-above all-the-*śārîm* who with-him.", "grammar": { "*hadəḇārîm*": "definite noun, masculine plural - the things/matters/events", "*giddal*": "Piel perfect, 3rd masculine singular - magnified/promoted", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*ʾaḥašwērôš*": "proper name - Ahasuerus/Xerxes", "*hāmān*": "proper name - Haman", "*ben*": "noun, masculine singular construct - son of", "*hammədāṯāʾ*": "proper name with definite article - Hammedatha", "*ʾăḡāḡî*": "gentilic adjective - Agagite", "*wayənasśēʾēhû*": "Piel imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - and he exalted him", "*yayyāśem*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he placed/set", "*kisəʾô*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his throne/seat", "*śārîm*": "noun, masculine plural - officials/princes" }, "variants": { "*hadəḇārîm*": "words/matters/events/affairs", "*giddal*": "promoted/magnified/made great", "*ʾăḡāḡî*": "Agagite (descendant of Agag/title of Amalekite kings)", "*wayənasśēʾēhû*": "elevated him/exalted him/lifted him up", "*kisəʾô*": "his throne/seat/position of authority" } }
• Esth 3:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Esther.3.5", "source": "וַיַּ֣רְא הָמָ֔ן כִּי־אֵ֣ין מָרְדֳּכַ֔י כֹּרֵ֥עַ וּמִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֶ֖ה ל֑וֹ וַיִּמָּלֵ֥א הָמָ֖ן חֵמָֽה׃", "text": "And-*wayyarə* *hāmān* that-no *mordŏkay* *kōrēaʿ* and-*mištaḥăweh* to-him and-*wayyimmālē* *hāmān* *ḥēmâ*.", "grammar": { "*wayyarə*": "Qal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he saw", "*hāmān*": "proper name - Haman", "*mordŏkay*": "proper name - Mordecai", "*kōrēaʿ*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - bowing/bending knee", "*mištaḥăweh*": "Hishtaphel participle, masculine singular - prostrating himself/worshipping", "*wayyimmālē*": "Niphal imperfect with waw consecutive, 3rd masculine singular - and he was filled", "*ḥēmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - wrath/rage" }, "variants": { "*wayyarə*": "saw/observed/noticed", "*kōrēaʿ*": "bowing/kneeling/bending knee", "*mištaḥăweh*": "prostrating/worshipping/paying homage", "*wayyimmālē*": "was filled/became full", "*ḥēmâ*": "rage/wrath/fury/anger" } }
• Esth 5:9 : 9 { "verseID": "Esther.5.9", "source": "וַיֵּצֵ֤א הָמָן֙ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֔וּא שָׂמֵ֖חַ וְט֣וֹב לֵ֑ב וְכִרְאוֹת֩ הָמָ֨ן אֶֽת־מָרְדֳּכַ֜י בְּשַׁ֣עַר הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ וְלֹא־קָם֙ וְלֹא־זָ֣ע מִמֶּ֔נּוּ וַיִּמָּלֵ֥א הָמָ֛ן עַֽל־מָרְדֳּכַ֖י חֵמָֽה", "text": "And *wayyēṣēʾ* *hāmān* in-the-*yôm* the-*hû*, *śāmēaḥ* and-*ṭôb* *lēb*, and-as-*kirʾôt* *hāmān* *ʾet*-*mordŏkay* in-*šaʿar* the-*melek* and-not-*qām* and-not-*zāʿ* from-him, and *wayyimmālēʾ* *hāmān* against-*mordŏkay* *ḥēmâ*", "grammar": { "*wayyēṣēʾ*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3ms - and he went out", "*hāmān*": "proper noun - Haman", "*yôm*": "noun, masculine singular - day", "*hû*": "demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - that", "*śāmēaḥ*": "adjective, masculine singular - joyful", "*ṭôb*": "adjective, masculine singular construct - good of", "*lēb*": "noun, masculine singular - heart", "*kirʾôt*": "preposition + infinitive construct - when seeing", "*mordŏkay*": "proper noun - Mordecai", "*šaʿar*": "noun, masculine singular construct - gate of", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*qām*": "perfect, 3ms - he rose", "*zāʿ*": "perfect, 3ms - he trembled/moved", "*wayyimmālēʾ*": "waw-consecutive imperfect, 3ms niphal - and he was filled", "*ḥēmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - rage/fury" }, "variants": { "*śāmēaḥ wəṭôb lēb*": "joyful and good of heart/happy and glad of heart", "*lōʾ-qām wəlōʾ-zāʿ*": "did not rise and did not tremble/did not stand or show deference", "*wayyimmālēʾ ḥēmâ*": "he was filled with rage/he became furious", "*ʿal-mordŏkay*": "against Mordecai/concerning Mordecai" } }
• Ps 15:4 : 4 { "verseID": "Psalms.15.4", "source": "נִבְזֶ֤ה ׀ בְּֽעֵ֘ינָ֤יו נִמְאָ֗ס וְאֶת־יִרְאֵ֣י יְהוָ֣ה יְכַבֵּ֑ד נִשְׁבַּ֥ע לְ֝הָרַ֗ע וְלֹ֣א יָמִֽר׃", "text": "*Nibzeh* in-*ʿênāyw nimʾās*, and-*yirʾê YHWH yĕkabbēd*; *nišbaʿ lĕhāraʿ* and-not *yāmīr*.", "grammar": { "*Nibzeh*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine singular - despised/rejected", "*ʿênāyw*": "noun, feminine dual with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his eyes", "*nimʾās*": "verb, niphal participle, masculine singular - rejected/despised/disdained", "*yirʾê*": "adjective construct plural - fearers of/those who fear", "*YHWH*": "proper noun, divine name - LORD", "*yĕkabbēd*": "verb, piel imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - honors/glorifies", "*nišbaʿ*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - swears/takes an oath", "*lĕhāraʿ*": "preposition + verb, hiphil infinitive construct - to harm/to his hurt", "*yāmīr*": "verb, hiphil imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - changes/exchanges/alters" }, "variants": { "*Nibzeh bĕʿênāyw nimʾās*": "in his eyes the despised one is rejected/he despises vile persons/despicable in his eyes is disdained", "*yirʾê YHWH yĕkabbēd*": "those who fear YHWH he honors/he honors those who fear the LORD", "*nišbaʿ lĕhāraʿ*": "swears to his own hurt/takes an oath to his detriment/promises to his disadvantage", "*lōʾ yāmīr*": "does not change/will not alter/does not go back on it" } }
• Phil 2:10 : 10 { "verseID": "Philippians.2.10", "source": "Ἵνα ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι Ἰησοῦ πᾶν γόνυ κάμψῃ, ἐπουρανίων, καὶ ἐπιγείων, καὶ καταχθονίων·", "text": "That in the *onomati Iēsou* all *gony kampsē*, of *epouraniōn*, and of *epigeiōn*, and of *katachthoniōn*;", "grammar": { "*onomati*": "dative, neuter, singular - in name", "*Iēsou*": "genitive, masculine, singular - of Jesus", "*gony*": "nominative, neuter, singular - knee", "*kampsē*": "aorist active subjunctive, 3rd person singular - should bow/bend", "*epouraniōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of heavenly beings/those in heaven", "*epigeiōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of earthly beings/those on earth", "*katachthoniōn*": "genitive, masculine, plural - of beings under the earth/those underground" }, "variants": { "*gony kampsē*": "should bow/bend the knee/kneel", "*epouraniōn*": "heavenly beings/those in heaven/celestials", "*epigeiōn*": "earthly beings/those on earth/terrestrials", "*katachthoniōn*": "beings under the earth/those underground/infernals" } }
• Exod 17:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Exodus.17.14", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה כְּתֹ֨ב זֹ֤את זִכָּרוֹן֙ בַּסֵּ֔פֶר וְשִׂ֖ים בְּאָזְנֵ֣י יְהוֹשֻׁ֑עַ כִּֽי־מָחֹ֤ה אֶמְחֶה֙ אֶת־זֵ֣כֶר עֲמָלֵ֔ק מִתַּ֖חַת הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃", "text": "And *wa-yōʾmer* *YHWH* unto-*mōsheh* *kətōb* this *zikkārôn* in-the-*sēper* and-*wəśîm* in-*ʾoznê* *yəhôshûaʿ* that-*māḥōh* *ʾemḥeh* *ʾet*-*zēker* *ʿămālēq* from-under the-*shāmāyim*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*mōsheh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*kətōb*": "qal imperative masculine singular - write", "*zikkārôn*": "masculine singular noun - memorial/remembrance", "*sēper*": "masculine singular noun with definite article - the book/scroll", "*wəśîm*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperative masculine singular - and put/place", "*ʾoznê*": "feminine dual construct - ears of", "*yəhôshûaʿ*": "proper noun - Joshua", "*māḥōh*": "qal infinitive absolute - utterly", "*ʾemḥeh*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will blot out/erase", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*zēker*": "masculine singular construct - memory/remembrance of", "*ʿămālēq*": "proper noun - Amalek", "*shāmāyim*": "masculine dual noun with definite article - the heavens/sky" }, "variants": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "said/spoke/commanded", "*kətōb*": "write/record/inscribe", "*zikkārôn*": "memorial/remembrance/record", "*sēper*": "book/scroll/document", "*wəśîm*": "put/place/set", "*ʾoznê*": "ears/hearing", "*māḥōh* *ʾemḥeh*": "utterly blot out/completely erase/totally destroy", "*zēker*": "memory/remembrance/mention", "*shāmāyim*": "heavens/sky" } }
• Exod 17:16 : 16 { "verseID": "Exodus.17.16", "source": "וַיֹּ֗אמֶר כִּֽי־יָד֙ עַל־כֵּ֣ס יָ֔הּ מִלְחָמָ֥ה לַיהוָ֖ה בַּֽעֲמָלֵ֑ק מִדֹּ֖ר דֹּֽר׃", "text": "And *wa-yōʾmer* because-*yād* upon-*kēs* *YH* *milḥāmāh* to-*YHWH* against-*ʿămālēq* from-*dōr* *dōr*.", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*yād*": "feminine singular noun - hand", "*kēs*": "masculine singular noun - throne", "*YH*": "proper noun - short form of YHWH", "*milḥāmāh*": "feminine singular noun - war/battle", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ʿămālēq*": "proper noun - Amalek", "*dōr*": "masculine singular noun - generation" }, "variants": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "said/spoke/declared", "*yād*": "hand/power/strength", "*kēs*": "throne/seat of authority", "*milḥāmāh*": "war/battle/fighting", "*dōr* *dōr*": "generation to generation/forever/perpetually" } }
• Deut 25:19 : 19 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.25.19", "source": "וְהָיָ֡ה בְּהָנִ֣יחַ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֣יךָ ׀ לְ֠ךָ מִכָּל־אֹ֨יְבֶ֜יךָ מִסָּבִ֗יב בָּאָ֙רֶץ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יְהוָֽה־אֱ֠לֹהֶיךָ נֹתֵ֨ן לְךָ֤ נַחֲלָה֙ לְרִשְׁתָּ֔הּ תִּמְחֶה֙ אֶת־זֵ֣כֶר עֲמָלֵ֔ק מִתַּ֖חַת הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם לֹ֖א תִּשְׁכָּֽח׃", "text": "*wə-hāyāh* in-*hānîaḥ* *YHWH* *ʾĕlōhêkā* to-you from-all-*ʾōyəbêkā* from-around in-the-*ʾāreṣ* that *YHWH*-*ʾĕlōhêkā* *nōtēn* to-you *naḥălāh* to-*rištāh* *timḥeh* *ʾet*-*zēker* *ʿămālēq* from-under the-*šāmāyim* not *tiškāḥ*", "grammar": { "*wə-hāyāh*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - and it shall be", "*bə-hānîaḥ*": "preposition + hiphil infinitive construct - in giving rest", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*ləkā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you", "*mi-kol*": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct - from all", "*ʾōyəbêkā*": "qal participle masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your enemies", "*mi-sābîb*": "preposition + adverb - from around", "*bā-ʾāreṣ*": "preposition + definite article + noun feminine singular - in the land", "*ʾăšer*": "relative particle - that/which", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - YHWH/the LORD", "*ʾĕlōhêkā*": "noun masculine plural + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your God", "*nōtēn*": "qal participle masculine singular - giving", "*ləkā*": "preposition + 2nd masculine singular suffix - to you", "*naḥălāh*": "noun feminine singular - inheritance", "*lə-rištāh*": "preposition + qal infinitive construct + 3rd feminine singular suffix - to possess it", "*timḥeh*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall blot out", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*zēker*": "noun masculine singular construct - remembrance of", "*ʿămālēq*": "proper noun - Amalek", "*mi-taḥat*": "preposition + preposition - from under", "*ha-šāmāyim*": "definite article + noun masculine plural - the heavens", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*tiškāḥ*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you shall forget" }, "variants": { "*hānîaḥ*": "giving rest/providing relief/causing to rest", "*ʾōyəbêkā*": "your enemies/your adversaries/those who hate you", "*naḥălāh*": "inheritance/possession/property", "*rištāh*": "possess it/take possession of it/inherit it", "*timḥeh zēker*": "blot out the remembrance/erase the memory/destroy the mention", "*mi-taḥat ha-šāmāyim*": "from under heaven/from beneath the sky" } }
• 1 Sam 15:3 : 3 { "verseID": "1 Samuel.15.3", "source": "עַתָּה֩ לֵ֨ךְ וְהִכִּֽיתָ֜ה אֶת־עֲמָלֵ֗ק וְהַֽחֲרַמְתֶּם֙ אֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־ל֔וֹ וְלֹ֥א תַחְמֹ֖ל עָלָ֑יו וְהֵמַתָּ֞ה מֵאִ֣ישׁ עַד־אִשָּׁ֗ה מֵֽעֹלֵל֙ וְעַד־יוֹנֵ֔ק מִשּׁ֣וֹר וְעַד־שֶׂ֔ה מִגָּמָ֖ל וְעַד־חֲמֽוֹר׃ ס", "text": "Now *ʿattâ* *lēk* and *wəhikkîṯâ* *ʾeṯ*-*ʿămālēq* and *wəhaḥăramtem* *ʾeṯ*-all-*ʾăšer*-to *lô* and not *lōʾ* *ṯaḥmōl* upon *ʿālāyw*; and *wəhēmattâ* from *mēʾîš* until *ʿaḏ*-*ʾiššâ*, from *mēʿōlēl* until *ʿaḏ*-*yônēq*, from *miššôr* until *ʿaḏ*-*śeh*, from *miggāmāl* until *ʿaḏ*-*ḥămôr*.", "grammar": { "*ʿattâ*": "adverb - now", "*lēk*": "Qal imperative, masculine singular - go", "*wəhikkîṯâ*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall strike", "*ʾeṯ*": "direct object marker", "*ʿămālēq*": "proper noun - Amalek", "*wəhaḥăramtem*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine plural - and you shall utterly destroy/devote to destruction", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - which/that", "*lô*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - to/for him", "*lōʾ*": "negative particle - not", "*ṯaḥmōl*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall spare", "*ʿālāyw*": "preposition + 3rd masculine singular suffix - upon him", "*wəhēmattâ*": "waw consecutive + Hiphil perfect, 2nd masculine singular - and you shall kill", "*mēʾîš*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from man", "*ʿaḏ*": "preposition - until", "*ʾiššâ*": "noun, feminine singular - woman", "*mēʿōlēl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from infant", "*yônēq*": "Qal participle, masculine singular - suckling/nursing", "*miššôr*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from ox", "*śeh*": "noun, common singular - sheep/lamb", "*miggāmāl*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular - from camel", "*ḥămôr*": "noun, masculine singular - donkey" }, "variants": { "*lēk*": "go/walk/proceed", "*wəhikkîṯâ*": "and you shall strike/attack/defeat", "*wəhaḥăramtem*": "and you shall utterly destroy/devote to destruction/place under ban", "*ṯaḥmōl*": "spare/have compassion on", "*wəhēmattâ*": "and you shall kill/put to death", "*ʿōlēl*": "infant/child", "*yônēq*": "suckling/nursing infant" } }