Verse 43

{ "verseID": "Genesis.36.43", "source": "אַלּ֥וּף מַגְדִּיאֵ֖ל אַלּ֣וּף עִירָ֑ם אֵ֣לֶּה ׀ אַלּוּפֵ֣י אֱד֗וֹם לְמֹֽשְׁבֹתָם֙ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ אֲחֻזָּתָ֔ם ה֥וּא עֵשָׂ֖ו אֲבִ֥י אֱדֽוֹם׃", "text": "*ʾallûp̄* *Magdîʾēl* *ʾallûp̄* *ʿÎrām* *ʾēlleh* *ʾallûp̄ê* *ʾĔdôm* to-*môšəbōtām* in-*ʾereṣ* *ʾăḥuzzātām* *hûʾ* *ʿĒśāw* *ʾăbî* *ʾĔdôm*", "grammar": { "*ʾallûp̄*": "noun, masculine singular construct - chief/clan of", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - chiefs/clans of", "*lə-môšəbōtām*": "preposition + noun, feminine plural with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - according to their settlements", "*bə-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in the land of", "*ʾăḥuzzātām*": "noun, feminine singular with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their possession", "*hûʾ*": "third person masculine singular pronoun - he is", "*ʾăbî*": "noun, masculine singular construct - father of" }, "variants": { "*ʾallûp̄*": "chief/clan leader/tribal head/duke", "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "chiefs/clan leaders/tribal heads/dukes", "*môšəbōtām*": "their settlements/dwelling places/habitations", "*ʾăḥuzzātām*": "their possession/property/inheritance", "*ʾăbî*": "father of/ancestor of/founder of" } }

Other Translations

• GT, oversatt fra Hebraisk

  Disse er stammehøvdingene i Edom, etter deres bosteder i deres eiendomsland. Esau er stamfar for Edom.

• Moderne oversettelse av Bibelen fra 1611 KJV med hebraisk kontekst

  Høvding Magdiel, høvding Iram: Dette er høvdingene av Edom, etter deres bosteder, i landet de eide: dette er Esau, edomitternes far.

• Norsk King James

  Duke Magdiel, duke Iram: disse er hertugene i Edom, ifølge deres boliger i landet de eide; han er Esau, faren til edomittene.

• Modernisert Norsk Bibel 1866

  Magdiel og Iram; dette er høvdingene i Edom, etter deres bosteder i landet deres. Esau er stamfar til edomittene.

• Oversettelse av hebraiske Bibeltekster til moderne norsk bokmål

  høvding Magdiel, høvding Iram. Dette var Edoms høvdinger, etter deres bosted, i landet de hadde i eie. Esau er Edoms far.

• Bibelen: En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611

  fører Magdiel, fører Iram: dette er Edoms førere, i deres bosteder, i landet som de eide. Dette er Esau, edomittenes far.

• o3-mini KJV Norsk

  og høvding Magdiel og høvding Iram; dette er Edoms høvdinger, fast forankret i de områdene de eide – Esau er far til edomittene.

• En Moderne Oversettelse av King James Version 1611 (mar 2025)

  fører Magdiel, fører Iram: dette er Edoms førere, i deres bosteder, i landet som de eide. Dette er Esau, edomittenes far.

• Lingvistisk bibeloversettelse fra grunntekst

  høvding Magdiel, høvding Iram. Dette er Edoms høvdinger etter deres bosteder i deres eide land. Dette er Esau, edomittenes stamfar.

• Linguistic Bible Translation from Source Texts

  Chief Magdiel, and Chief Iram. These were the chiefs of Edom according to their settlements in the land they possessed. Esau was the father of the Edomites.

• GT, oversatt fra hebraisk Aug2024

  høvding Magdiel, høvding Iram. Dette var høvdingene av Edom, etter deres bosteder i landet de eide. Dette er Esau, Edoms stamfar.

• Original Norsk Bibel 1866

  den Fyrste Magdiel, den Fyrste Iram; disse ere Fyrsterne i Edom, efter som de boede i deres eget Land. Denne Esau er Fader til Edomiterne

• King James Version 1769 (Standard Version)

  Duke Magdiel, duke Iram: these be the dukes of Edom, according to their habitations in the land of their possession: he is Esau the father of the Edomites.

• KJV 1769 norsk

  høvding Magdiel, høvding Iram: dette er høvdingene i Edom etter deres bosetninger i deres eiendomsland. Dette var Esau, faren til edomittene.

• KJV1611 - Moderne engelsk

  Chief Magdiel, chief Iram: these are the chiefs of Edom, according to their settlements in the land of their possession: Esau is the father of the Edomites.

• King James Version 1611 (Original)

  Duke Magdiel, duke Iram: these be the dukes of Edom, according to their habitations in the land of their possession: he is Esau the father of the Edomites.

• Norsk oversettelse av Webster

  høvding Magdiel og høvding Iram. Dette er høvdingene i Edom, etter deres bosteder i landet de eide. Dette er Esau, edomittenes far.

• Norsk oversettelse av Youngs Literal Translation

  Høvding Magdiel, høvding Iram. Dette er høvdingene i Edom etter deres boligsteder i deres eiendommer; Esau er far til edomittene.

• Norsk oversettelse av ASV1901

  høvding Magdiel, høvding Iram: dette er høvdingene av Edom, i henhold til deres bosteder, i landet som de eide. Dette er Esau, edomittenes far.

• Norsk oversettelse av BBE

  Magdiel, Iram; dette er edomittenes høvdinger, etter deres bosteder i deres arv; dette er Esau, edomittenes far.

• Tyndale Bible (1526/1534)

  duke Magdiel duke Iram. These be the dukes of Edomea in their habitations in the lande of their possessions. This Esau is the father of the Edomytes.

• Coverdale Bible (1535)

  the prince Magdiel, ye prynce Ira. These are the prynces in Edumea, like as they dwelt in ye lade of their possessions. And Esau is ye father of ye Edomites.

• Geneva Bible (1560)

  Duke Magdiel, Duke Iram: these bee the Dukes of Edom, according to their habitations, in the lande of their inheritance. This Esau is the father of Edom.

• Bishops' Bible (1568)

  Duke Magdiel, duke Iran. These be the dukes of Edom, accordyng to their habitations in the lande of their possessions. This Esau is the father of the Edomites.

• Authorized King James Version (1611)

  Duke Magdiel, duke Iram: these [be] the dukes of Edom, according to their habitations in the land of their possession: he [is] Esau the father of the Edomites.

• Webster's Bible (1833)

  chief Magdiel, and chief Iram. These are the chiefs of Edom, according to their habitations in the land of their possession. This is Esau, the father of the Edomites.

• Young's Literal Translation (1862/1898)

  chief Magdiel, chief Iram: these `are' chiefs of Edom, in reference to their dwellings, in the land of their possession; he `is' Esau father of Edom.

• American Standard Version (1901)

  chief Magdiel, chief Iram: these are the chiefs of Edom, according to their habitations in the land of their possession. This is Esau, the father of the Edomites.

• Bible in Basic English (1941)

  Magdiel, Iram; these are the Edomite chiefs, in their places in their heritage; this is Esau, the father of the Edomites.

• World English Bible (2000)

  chief Magdiel, and chief Iram. These are the chiefs of Edom, according to their habitations in the land of their possession. This is Esau, the father of the Edomites.

• NET Bible® (New English Translation)

  chief Magdiel, chief Iram. These were the chiefs of Edom, according to their settlements in the land they possessed. This was Esau, the father of the Edomites.

Referenced Verses

• Gen 25:12 : 12 { "verseID": "Genesis.25.12", "source": "וְאֵ֛לֶּה תֹּלְדֹ֥ת יִשְׁמָעֵ֖אל בֶּן־אַבְרָהָ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָלְדָ֜ה הָגָ֧ר הַמִּצְרִ֛ית שִׁפְחַ֥ת שָׂרָ֖ה לְאַבְרָהָֽם׃", "text": "*wə-ʾēlleh* *tōləḏōt* *yišmāʿēʾl* *ben-ʾaḇrāhām* *ʾăšer* *yāləḏāh* *hāḡār* *ha-miṣrît* *šip̄ḥat* *śārāh* *lə-ʾaḇrāhām*", "grammar": { "*wə-ʾēlleh*": "waw conjunction + demonstrative pronoun, common plural - and these", "*tōləḏōt*": "noun, feminine plural construct - generations of", "*yišmāʿēʾl*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Ishmael", "*ben-ʾaḇrāhām*": "noun, masculine singular construct + proper noun, masculine singular - son of Abraham", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - whom", "*yāləḏāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd feminine singular - bore", "*hāḡār*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Hagar", "*ha-miṣrît*": "definite article + gentilic adjective, feminine singular - the Egyptian", "*šip̄ḥat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - maidservant of", "*śārāh*": "proper noun, feminine singular - Sarah", "*lə-ʾaḇrāhām*": "preposition + proper noun, masculine singular - to Abraham" }, "variants": { "*tōləḏōt*": "generations/descendants/account", "*yāləḏāh*": "bore/gave birth to", "*šip̄ḥat*": "maidservant/handmaid/female slave" } }
• Gen 25:30 : 30 { "verseID": "Genesis.25.30", "source": "וַיֹּ֨אמֶר עֵשָׂ֜ו אֶֽל־יַעֲקֹ֗ב הַלְעִיטֵ֤נִי נָא֙ מִן־הָאָדֹ֤ם הָאָדֹם֙ הַזֶּ֔ה כִּ֥י עָיֵ֖ף אָנֹ֑כִי עַל־כֵּ֥ן קָרָֽא־שְׁמ֖וֹ אֱדֽוֹם׃", "text": "*wə-yōʾmer* *ʿēśāw* *ʾel-yaʿăqōḇ* *halʿîṭēnî* *nāʾ* *min-hā-ʾāḏōm* *hā-ʾāḏōm* *ha-zeh* *kî* *ʿāyēp̄* *ʾānōḵî* *ʿal-kēn* *qārāʾ-šəmô* *ʾĕḏôm*", "grammar": { "*wə-yōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - and said", "*ʿēśāw*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Esau", "*ʾel-yaʿăqōḇ*": "preposition + proper noun, masculine singular - to Jacob", "*halʿîṭēnî*": "Hiphil imperative, masculine singular + 1st person common singular suffix - let me gulp down", "*nāʾ*": "particle - please", "*min-hā-ʾāḏōm*": "preposition + definite article + adjective, masculine singular - from the red", "*hā-ʾāḏōm*": "definite article + adjective, masculine singular - the red", "*ha-zeh*": "definite article + demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular - this", "*kî*": "conjunction - because", "*ʿāyēp̄*": "adjective, masculine singular - exhausted", "*ʾānōḵî*": "1st person singular pronoun - I", "*ʿal-kēn*": "preposition + adverb - therefore", "*qārāʾ-šəmô*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular + noun, masculine singular + 3rd masculine singular suffix - he called his name", "*ʾĕḏôm*": "proper noun, masculine singular - Edom" }, "variants": { "*halʿîṭēnî*": "let me gulp down/let me swallow/feed me", "*hā-ʾāḏōm* *hā-ʾāḏōm*": "the red, red/that red stuff", "*ʾĕḏôm*": "Edom/red" } }
• Gen 36:7-8 : 7 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.7", "source": "כִּֽי־הָיָ֧ה רְכוּשָׁ֛ם רָ֖ב מִשֶּׁ֣בֶת יַחְדָּ֑ו וְלֹ֨א יֽ͏ָכְלָ֜ה אֶ֤רֶץ מְגֽוּרֵיהֶם֙ לָשֵׂ֣את אֹתָ֔ם מִפְּנֵ֖י מִקְנֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "For-*hāyāh* *rəkûšām* *rāb* from-*šebet* together and-not *yākelāh* *ʾereṣ* *məgûrêhem* *lāśēʾt* them from-*pənê* *miqnêhem*", "grammar": { "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*hāyāh*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - was", "*rəkûšām*": "noun, masculine singular with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their possessions", "*rāb*": "adjective, masculine singular - much/many/great", "*mi-šebet*": "preposition + infinitive construct - from dwelling", "*yaḥdāw*": "adverb - together", "*wə-lōʾ*": "conjunction + negative particle - and not", "*yākelāh*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd feminine singular - was able", "*məgûrêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their sojournings/dwelling places", "*lāśēʾt*": "preposition + verb, qal infinitive construct - to bear/support", "*mi-pənê*": "preposition compound - because of/from before", "*miqnêhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their livestock" }, "variants": { "*rəkûšām*": "their possessions/property/goods", "*rāb*": "great/much/many/abundant", "*šebet*": "dwelling/sitting/remaining", "*yākelāh*": "was able/could/had capacity", "*məgûrêhem*": "their sojournings/dwelling places/residences", "*lāśēʾt*": "to bear/support/carry/sustain", "*miqnêhem*": "their livestock/cattle/possessions" } } 8 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.8", "source": "וַיֵּ֤שֶׁב עֵשָׂו֙ בְּהַ֣ר שֵׂעִ֔יר עֵשָׂ֖ו ה֥וּא אֱדֽוֹם׃", "text": "And-*yēšeb* *ʿĒśāw* in-*har* *Śēʿîr* *ʿĒśāw* *hûʾ* *ʾĔdôm*", "grammar": { "*wa-*": "consecutive conjunction - and", "*yēšeb*": "verb, qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular with waw consecutive - he dwelled/settled", "*bə-har*": "preposition + noun, masculine singular construct - in the mountain/hill country of", "*hûʾ*": "third person masculine singular pronoun - he/that is" }, "variants": { "*yēšeb*": "dwelled/settled/lived/remained", "*har*": "mountain/hill country/highland", "*Śēʿîr*": "Seir (geographical region, meaning 'hairy/rough')" } }
• Gen 36:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.15", "source": "אֵ֖לֶּה אַלּוּפֵ֣י בְנֵֽי־עֵשָׂ֑ו בְּנֵ֤י אֱלִיפַז֙ בְּכ֣וֹר עֵשָׂ֔ו אַלּ֤וּף תֵּימָן֙ אַלּ֣וּף אוֹמָ֔ר אַלּ֥וּף צְפ֖וֹ אַלּ֥וּף קְנַֽז׃", "text": "*ʾēlleh* *ʾallûp̄ê* *bənê*-*ʿĒśāw* *bənê* *ʾĔlîp̄az* *bəkôr* *ʿĒśāw* *ʾallûp̄* *Têmān* *ʾallûp̄* *ʾÔmār* *ʾallûp̄* *Ṣəp̄ô* *ʾallûp̄* *Qənaz*", "grammar": { "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - chiefs/clans of", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*bəkôr*": "noun, masculine singular construct - firstborn of", "*ʾallûp̄*": "noun, masculine singular construct - chief/clan of" }, "variants": { "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "chiefs/clans/tribal leaders/dukes", "*bəkôr*": "firstborn/first/chief" } }
• Gen 36:18-19 : 18 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.18", "source": "וְאֵ֗לֶּה בְּנֵ֤י אָהֳלִֽיבָמָה֙ אֵ֣שֶׁת עֵשָׂ֔ו אַלּ֥וּף יְע֛וּשׁ אַלּ֥וּף יַעְלָ֖ם אַלּ֣וּף קֹ֑רַח אֵ֣לֶּה אַלּוּפֵ֞י אָֽהֳלִיבָמָ֛ה בַּת־עֲנָ֖ה אֵ֥שֶׁת עֵשָֽׂו׃", "text": "And-*ʾēlleh* *bənê* *ʾĀholîbāmāh* *ʾēšet* *ʿĒśāw* *ʾallûp̄* *Yəʿûš* *ʾallûp̄* *Yaʿlām* *ʾallûp̄* *Qōraḥ* *ʾēlleh* *ʾallûp̄ê* *ʾĀholîbāmāh* *bat*-*ʿĂnāh* *ʾēšet* *ʿĒśāw*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*ʾēšet*": "noun, feminine singular construct - wife of", "*ʾallûp̄*": "noun, masculine singular construct - chief/clan of", "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - chiefs/clans of", "*bat*": "noun, feminine singular construct - daughter of" }, "variants": { "*ʾallûp̄*": "chief/clan leader/tribal head/duke" } } 19 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.19", "source": "אֵ֧לֶּה בְנֵי־עֵשָׂ֛ו וְאֵ֥לֶּה אַלּוּפֵיהֶ֖ם ה֥וּא אֱדֽוֹם׃", "text": "*ʾēlleh* *bənê*-*ʿĒśāw* and-*ʾēlleh* *ʾallûp̄êhem* *hûʾ* *ʾĔdôm*", "grammar": { "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*bənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - sons of", "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾallûp̄êhem*": "noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - their chiefs", "*hûʾ*": "third person masculine singular pronoun - he/that is" }, "variants": { "*ʾallûp̄êhem*": "their chiefs/clan leaders/tribal heads/dukes" } }
• Gen 36:30-31 : 30 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.30", "source": "אַלּ֥וּף דִּשֹׁ֛ן אַלּ֥וּף אֵ֖צֶר אַלּ֣וּף דִּישָׁ֑ן אֵ֣לֶּה אַלּוּפֵ֧י הַחֹרִ֛י לְאַלֻּפֵיהֶ֖ם בְּאֶ֥רֶץ שֵׂעִֽיר׃", "text": "*ʾallûp̄* *Dîšōn* *ʾallûp̄* *ʾĒṣer* *ʾallûp̄* *Dîšān* *ʾēlleh* *ʾallûp̄ê* *ha-Ḥōrî* to-*ʾallup̄êhem* in-*ʾereṣ* *Śēʿîr*", "grammar": { "*ʾallûp̄*": "noun, masculine singular construct - chief/clan of", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - chiefs/clans of", "*ha-Ḥōrî*": "definite article + proper noun, gentilic - the Horite", "*lə-ʾallup̄êhem*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural with 3rd masculine plural possessive suffix - by their clans", "*bə-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in the land of" }, "variants": { "*ʾallûp̄*": "chief/clan leader/tribal head/duke", "*ʾallûp̄ê*": "chiefs/clan leaders/tribal heads/dukes", "*ʾallup̄êhem*": "their clans/divisions/territories" } } 31 { "verseID": "Genesis.36.31", "source": "וְאֵ֙לֶּה֙ הַמְּלָכִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר מָלְכ֖וּ בְּאֶ֣רֶץ אֱד֑וֹם לִפְנֵ֥י מְלָךְ־מֶ֖לֶךְ לִבְנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃", "text": "And-*ʾēlleh* *ha-mməlākîm* *ʾăšer* *mālkû* in-*ʾereṣ* *ʾĔdôm* to-*p̄ənê* *məlok*-*melek* to-*bənê* *Yiśrāʾēl*", "grammar": { "*wə-*": "conjunction - and", "*ʾēlleh*": "demonstrative pronoun, plural - these", "*ha-mməlākîm*": "definite article + noun, masculine plural - the kings", "*ʾăšer*": "relative pronoun - who/which/that", "*mālkû*": "verb, qal perfect 3rd plural - they reigned", "*bə-ʾereṣ*": "preposition + noun, feminine singular construct - in the land of", "*li-p̄ənê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - before", "*məlok*": "verb, qal infinitive construct - to reign", "*melek*": "noun, masculine singular - king", "*li-bənê*": "preposition + noun, masculine plural construct - for the sons of" }, "variants": { "*mālkû*": "reigned/ruled/were kings", "*p̄ənê*": "before/in front of/in the time of", "*məlok-melek*": "a king reigned/any king ruled" } }
• Gen 45:8 : 8 { "verseID": "Genesis.45.8", "source": "וְעַתָּ֗ה לֹֽא־אַתֶּ֞ם שְׁלַחְתֶּ֤ם אֹתִי֙ הֵ֔נָּה כִּ֖י הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וַיְשִׂימֵ֨נִֽי לְאָ֜ב לְפַרְעֹ֗ה וּלְאָדוֹן֙ לְכָל־בֵּית֔וֹ וּמֹשֵׁ֖ל בְּכָל־אֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "Wə-*ʿattāh* *lōʾ-ʾattem* *šəlaḥtem* *ʾōtî* *hēnnāh* *kî* *hāʾĕlōhîm* *wayśîmēnî* *ləʾāḇ* *ləp̄arʿōh* *ûləʾāḏôn* *ləḵāl-bêtô* *ûmōšēl* *bəḵāl-ʾereṣ* *miṣrāyim*", "grammar": { "וְעַתָּ֗ה": "conjunction + adverb - 'and now'", "לֹֽא־אַתֶּ֞ם": "negative particle + 2nd person masculine plural pronoun - 'not you'", "שְׁלַחְתֶּ֤ם": "Qal perfect 2nd masculine plural - 'sent'", "אֹתִי֙": "direct object marker + 1st person singular suffix - 'me'", "הֵ֔נָּה": "adverb - 'here/to this place'", "כִּ֖י": "conjunction - 'but/rather'", "הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים": "definite article + noun masculine plural - 'God'", "וַיְשִׂימֵ֨נִֽי": "conjunction + Qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 1st person singular suffix - 'and he made me'", "לְאָ֜ב": "preposition + noun masculine singular - 'as a father'", "לְפַרְעֹ֗ה": "preposition + proper noun - 'to Pharaoh'", "וּלְאָדוֹן֙": "conjunction + preposition + noun masculine singular - 'and as lord/master'", "לְכָל־בֵּית֔וֹ": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct + noun masculine singular construct + 3rd masculine singular suffix - 'over all his house'", "וּמֹשֵׁ֖ל": "conjunction + Qal participle masculine singular - 'and ruler'", "בְּכָל־אֶ֥רֶץ": "preposition + noun masculine singular construct + noun feminine singular construct - 'in all the land of'", "מִצְרָֽיִם": "proper noun - 'Egypt'" }, "variants": { "*ʿattāh*": "now, at this time", "*lōʾ-ʾattem*": "not you, it was not you", "*šəlaḥtem*": "you sent, you dispatched", "*hēnnāh*": "here, to this place", "*hāʾĕlōhîm*": "God, the true God", "*wayśîmēnî*": "and he made me, and he appointed me, and he established me", "*ləʾāḇ*": "as a father, like a father, for a father", "*ləp̄arʿōh*": "to Pharaoh, for Pharaoh", "*ləʾāḏôn*": "as lord, as master, as ruler", "*mōšēl*": "ruler, governor, one who rules" } }
• Exod 15:15 : 15 { "verseID": "Exodus.15.15", "source": "אָ֤ז נִבְהֲלוּ֙ אַלּוּפֵ֣י אֱד֔וֹם אֵילֵ֣י מוֹאָ֔ב יֹֽאחֲזֵ֖מוֹ רָ֑עַד נָמֹ֕גוּ כֹּ֖ל יֹשְׁבֵ֥י כְנָֽעַן׃", "text": "*ʾāz* *niḇhălū* *ʾallūp̄ê* *ʾĕḏôm* *ʾêlê* *môʾāḇ* *yōʾḥăzēmô* *rāʿaḏ* *nāmōḡū* *kōl* *yōšəḇê* *ḵənāʿan*", "grammar": { "*ʾāz*": "adverb - then", "*niḇhălū*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they were dismayed", "*ʾallūp̄ê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - chiefs of", "*ʾĕḏôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*ʾêlê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - leaders/rams of", "*môʾāḇ*": "proper noun - Moab", "*yōʾḥăzēmô*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular + 3rd masculine plural suffix - it seizes them", "*rāʿaḏ*": "noun, masculine singular - trembling", "*nāmōḡū*": "niphal perfect 3rd common plural - they melted", "*kōl*": "noun, masculine singular construct - all of", "*yōšəḇê*": "qal participle, masculine plural construct - inhabitants of", "*ḵənāʿan*": "proper noun - Canaan" }, "variants": { "*niḇhălū*": "were dismayed/were terrified/were troubled", "*ʾallūp̄ê*": "chiefs/lords/captains", "*ʾêlê*": "rams/leaders/mighty ones", "*yōʾḥăzēmô*": "seizes them/grips them/takes hold of them", "*nāmōḡū*": "melted/dissolved/fainted" } }
• Num 20:14 : 14 { "verseID": "Numbers.20.14", "source": "וַיִּשְׁלַ֨ח מֹשֶׁ֧ה מַלְאָכִ֛ים מִקָּדֵ֖שׁ אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ אֱד֑וֹם כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ אָחִ֣יךָ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֔עְתָּ אֵ֥ת כָּל־הַתְּלָאָ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר מְצָאָֽתְנוּ", "text": "And-*yišlaḥ* *mōšeh* *malʾākîm* from-*qādēš* to-*melek* *ʾĕdôm* thus *ʾāmar* *ʾāḥîkā* *yiśrāʾēl* *ʾattâ* *yādaʿtā* *ʾēt* all-the-*təlāʾâ* which *məṣāʾātnû*", "grammar": { "*yišlaḥ*": "waw-consecutive + qal imperfect 3rd masculine singular - and he sent", "*mōšeh*": "proper noun - Moses", "*malʾākîm*": "masculine plural - messengers", "*qādēš*": "proper noun - Kadesh", "*melek*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*ʾĕdôm*": "proper noun - Edom", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - says", "*ʾāḥîkā*": "masculine singular construct with 2nd masculine singular suffix - your brother", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾattâ*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you", "*yādaʿtā*": "qal perfect 2nd masculine singular - you know", "*ʾēt*": "direct object marker", "*təlāʾâ*": "feminine singular with definite article - the hardship", "*məṣāʾātnû*": "qal perfect 3rd feminine singular with 1st plural suffix - has found us" }, "variants": { "*malʾākîm*": "messengers/ambassadors", "*melek*": "king", "*ʾāḥîkā*": "your brother", "*təlāʾâ*": "hardship/travail/trouble", "*məṣāʾātnû*": "found us/befallen us" } }
• Deut 2:5 : 5 { "verseID": "Deuteronomy.2.5", "source": "אַל־תִּתְגָּר֣וּ בָ֔ם כִּ֠י לֹֽא־אֶתֵּ֤ן לָכֶם֙ מֵֽאַרְצָ֔ם עַ֖ד מִדְרַ֣ךְ כַּף־רָ֑גֶל כִּֽי־יְרֻשָּׁ֣ה לְעֵשָׂ֔ו נָתַ֖תִּי אֶת־הַ֥ר שֵׂעִֽיר׃", "text": "*ʾAl-titgārū* in them *kî* not-*ʾettēn* to you from *ʾarṣām* until *midrak kap-rāgel* *kî*-*yerušāh* to *ʿēśāw* *nātattî* *ʾet*-mountain *śēʿîr*", "grammar": { "*ʾAl-titgārū*": "negative particle + hithpael imperfect 2nd person masculine plural - do not contend/provoke", "*kî*": "conjunction - for/because", "*ʾettēn*": "qal imperfect 1st person singular - I will give", "*ʾarṣām*": "noun feminine singular + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their land", "*midrak*": "noun masculine singular construct - stepping-place of", "*kap-rāgel*": "noun feminine singular construct + noun feminine singular - sole of foot", "*yerušāh*": "noun feminine singular - possession/inheritance", "*ʿēśāw*": "proper noun - Esau", "*nātattî*": "qal perfect 1st person singular - I have given", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*śēʿîr*": "proper noun - Seir" }, "variants": { "*titgārū*": "contend with/provoke/engage in conflict", "*ʾettēn*": "give/grant/allow", "*ʾarṣām*": "their land/territory/country", "*midrak kap-rāgel*": "footstep/place to set foot/space for stepping", "*yerušāh*": "possession/inheritance/property", "*nātattî*": "given/granted/bestowed" } }
• 1 Chr 4:14 : 14 { "verseID": "1 Chronicles.4.14", "source": "וּמְעוֹנֹתַ֖י הוֹלִ֣יד אֶת־עָפְרָ֑ה וּשְׂרָיָ֗ה הוֹלִ֤יד אֶת־יוֹאָב֙ אֲבִי֙ גֵּ֣יא חֲרָשִׁ֔ים כִּ֥י חֲרָשִׁ֖ים הָיֽוּ׃ פ", "text": "*ûmᵊʿônōtay* *hôlîd* *ʾet*-*ʿoprāh* *ûśᵊrāyāh* *hôlîd* *ʾet*-*yôʾāb* *ʾăbî* *gêʾ* *ḥărāšîm* *kî* *ḥărāšîm* *hāyû*", "grammar": { "*ûmᵊʿônōtay*": "conjunction + proper name - and Meonothai", "*hôlîd*": "hiphil perfect 3ms - begat/caused to bear", "*ʾet*-*ʿoprāh*": "direct object marker + proper name - Ophrah", "*ûśᵊrāyāh*": "conjunction + proper name - and Seraiah", "*hôlîd*": "hiphil perfect 3ms - begat/caused to bear", "*ʾet*-*yôʾāb*": "direct object marker + proper name - Joab", "*ʾăbî*": "construct singular - father of", "*gêʾ* *ḥărāšîm*": "proper name - Ge-harashim (Valley of Craftsmen)", "*kî*": "conjunction - for", "*ḥărāšîm*": "masculine plural - craftsmen", "*hāyû*": "qal perfect 3cp - they were" }, "variants": { "*hôlîd*": "begat/caused to bear/fathered", "*ʾăbî*": "father of/founder of", "*gêʾ* *ḥărāšîm*": "valley of craftsmen/valley of artisans", "*ḥărāšîm*": "craftsmen/artisans/skilled workers" } }