Verse 2

{ "verseID": "Zephaniah.1.2", "source": "אָסֹ֨ף אָסֵ֜ף כֹּ֗ל מֵעַ֛ל פְּנֵ֥י הָאֲדָמָ֖ה נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃", "text": "*ʾāsōp̄* *ʾāsēp̄* *kōl* from-*ʿal* *pənê* *hāʾăḏāmāh* *nəʾum*-*YHWH*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāsōp̄*": "qal infinitive absolute - gathering/completely", "*ʾāsēp̄*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular - I will gather/remove", "*kōl*": "noun, masculine singular - all/everything", "*ʿal*": "preposition - from upon/from over", "*pənê*": "construct plural of *pānîm* - face of", "*hāʾăḏāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the ground/land/earth", "*nəʾum*": "construct state, masculine singular - declaration/oracle of", "*YHWH*": "divine name, tetragrammaton" }, "variants": { "*ʾāsōp̄ ʾāsēp̄*": "Hebrew doubling construction indicating completeness/certainty - 'I will utterly gather/completely remove'", "*pənê*": "face/surface", "*hāʾăḏāmāh*": "ground/earth/land/soil" } }

Other Translations

Referenced Verses

  • 2 Kgs 22:16-17 : 16 { "verseID": "2 Kings.22.16", "source": "כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה הִנְנִ֨י מֵבִ֥יא רָעָ֛ה אֶל־הַמָּק֥וֹם הַזֶּ֖ה וְעַל־יֹֽשְׁבָ֑יו אֵ֚ת כָּל־דִּבְרֵ֣י הַסֵּ֔פֶר אֲשֶׁ֥ר קָרָ֖א מֶ֥לֶךְ יְהוּדָֽה׃", "text": "Thus *amar* *YHWH* *hineni* *mevi* *ra'ah* to-the-*maqom* the-this and-upon-*yoshevav* *et* all-*divrey* the-*sefer* which *qara* *melekh* *Yehudah*.", "grammar": { "*amar*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he said/says", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*hineni*": "interjection + 1st person singular suffix - behold me", "*mevi*": "verb, Hiphil participle, masculine singular - bringing", "*ra'ah*": "common noun, feminine, singular - evil/disaster", "*maqom*": "common noun, masculine, singular - place", "*yoshevav*": "verb, Qal participle, masculine plural + 3rd person masculine singular suffix - its inhabitants", "*et*": "direct object marker", "*divrey*": "common noun, masculine plural construct - words of", "*sefer*": "common noun, masculine, singular - book/scroll", "*qara*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person masculine singular - he read", "*melekh*": "common noun, masculine, singular construct - king of", "*Yehudah*": "proper noun - Judah" }, "variants": { "*hineni*": "behold me/here am I [indicating readiness to act]", "*mevi ra'ah*": "bringing disaster/bringing calamity/bringing evil", "*maqom*": "place/location/site [refers to Jerusalem/temple]", "*yoshevav*": "its inhabitants/dwellers/residents" } } 17 { "verseID": "2 Kings.22.17", "source": "תַּ֣חַת ׀ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עֲזָב֗וּנִי וַֽיְקַטְּרוּ֙ לֵאלֹהִ֣ים אֲחֵרִ֔ים לְמַ֙עַן֙ הַכְעִיסֵ֔נִי בְּכֹ֖ל מַעֲשֵׂ֣ה יְדֵיהֶ֑ם וְנִצְּתָ֧ה חֲמָתִ֛י בַּמָּק֥וֹם הַזֶּ֖ה וְלֹ֥א תִכְבֶּֽה׃", "text": "Under *asher* *azavuni* *wayeqatteru* to-*elohim* *acherim* for-purpose *hakh'iseni* with-all *ma'aseh* *yedeyhem* and-*nitstsah* *chamati* in-the-*maqom* the-this and-not *tikhbeh*.", "grammar": { "*asher*": "relative particle - which/that", "*azavuni*": "verb, Qal perfect, 3rd person common plural + 1st person singular suffix - they have forsaken me", "*wayeqatteru*": "verb, waw-consecutive imperfect, Piel, 3rd person masculine plural - and they burned incense", "*elohim*": "common noun, masculine plural - gods", "*acherim*": "adjective, masculine plural - other", "*hakh'iseni*": "verb, Hiphil infinitive construct + 1st person singular suffix - to provoke me to anger", "*ma'aseh*": "common noun, masculine, singular construct - work of", "*yedeyhem*": "common noun, feminine dual + 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their hands", "*nitstsah*": "verb, Niphal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is kindled", "*chamati*": "common noun, feminine, singular + 1st person singular suffix - my wrath", "*maqom*": "common noun, masculine, singular - place", "*tikhbeh*": "verb, Qal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - it will be quenched" }, "variants": { "*azavuni*": "forsaken me/abandoned me", "*wayeqatteru*": "burned incense/offered sacrifices to", "*elohim acherim*": "other gods/foreign deities", "*hakh'iseni*": "provoke me to anger/provoke my wrath", "*ma'aseh yedeyhem*": "work of their hands/their deeds/their made things [idols]", "*nitstsah chamati*": "my wrath is kindled/my anger is ignited", "*tikhbeh*": "be quenched/be extinguished" } }
  • Mic 7:13 : 13 { "verseID": "Micah.7.13", "source": "וְהָיְתָ֥ה הָאָ֛רֶץ לִשְׁמָמָ֖ה עַל־יֹֽשְׁבֶ֑יהָ מִפְּרִ֖י מַֽעַלְלֵיהֶֽם׃", "text": "And *hāyətāh* the-*ʾāreṣ* to-*šəmāmāh* because of-its *yōšəbêhā*, from-*pərî* their *maʿaləlêhem*.", "grammar": { "*wə*": "conjunction - and", "*hāyətāh*": "Qal perfect, 3rd person feminine singular - has become/will become", "*hā-ʾāreṣ*": "definite article + feminine singular noun - the land/earth", "*li-šəmāmāh*": "preposition + feminine singular noun - to desolation", "*ʿal*": "preposition - because of/on account of", "*yōšəbêhā*": "Qal participle, masculine plural with 3rd person feminine singular suffix - its inhabitants", "*mi-pərî*": "preposition + masculine singular construct noun - from/because of fruit of", "*maʿaləlêhem*": "masculine plural noun with 3rd person masculine plural suffix - their deeds/practices" }, "variants": { "*hāyətāh*": "has become/will become/shall be", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*šəmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/wilderness", "*yōšəbêhā*": "its inhabitants/dwellers/residents", "*pərî maʿaləlêhem*": "fruit of their deeds/result of their actions/consequence of their practices" } }
  • Gen 6:7 : 7 { "verseID": "Genesis.6.7", "source": "וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֗ה אֶמְחֶ֨ה אֶת־הָאָדָ֤ם אֲשֶׁר־בָּרָ֙אתִי֙ מֵעַל֙ פְּנֵ֣י הֽ͏ָאֲדָמָ֔ה מֽ͏ֵאָדָם֙ עַד־בְּהֵמָ֔ה עַד־רֶ֖מֶשׂ וְעַד־ע֣וֹף הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם כִּ֥י נִחַ֖מְתִּי כִּ֥י עֲשִׂיתִֽם׃", "text": "*wa-yōʾmer* *YHWH* *ʾemḥeh* *ʾet*-*hā-ʾādām* which *bārāʾtî* from upon *pĕnê* *hā-ʾădāmâ* from *ʾādām* unto *bĕhēmâ* unto *remeś* and unto *ʿôp̄* *ha-šāmayim* because *niḥamtî* that *ʿăśîtîm*", "grammar": { "*wa-yōʾmer*": "conjunction + qal imperfect 3ms - and he said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾemḥeh*": "qal imperfect 1cs - I will destroy/wipe out/blot out", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*hā-ʾādām*": "noun masculine singular with definite article - man/mankind/humanity", "*bārāʾtî*": "qal perfect 1cs - I created/I have created", "*pĕnê*": "noun masculine plural construct - face of", "*hā-ʾădāmâ*": "noun feminine singular with definite article - the ground/earth/land", "*ʾādām*": "noun masculine singular with prefix preposition - from man", "*bĕhēmâ*": "noun feminine singular with prefix preposition - to beast/cattle", "*remeś*": "noun masculine singular with prefix preposition - to creeping thing", "*ʿôp̄*": "noun masculine singular construct with prefix conjunction and preposition - and to fowl/birds of", "*ha-šāmayim*": "noun masculine dual with definite article - the heavens/sky", "*niḥamtî*": "niphal perfect 1cs - I am sorry/I repent/I regret", "*ʿăśîtîm*": "qal perfect 1cs + 3mp suffix - I made them" }, "variants": { "*ʾemḥeh*": "blot out/wipe away/destroy/erase", "*pĕnê*": "face/surface", "*niḥamtî*": "I am sorry/I repent/I regret/I am grieved" } }
  • 2 Chr 36:21 : 21 { "verseID": "2 Chronicles.36.21", "source": "לְמַלֹּ֤אות דְּבַר־יְהוָה֙ בְּפִ֣י יִרְמְיָ֔הוּ עַד־רָצְתָ֥ה הָאָ֖רֶץ אֶת־שַׁבְּתוֹתֶ֑יהָ כָּל־יְמֵ֤י הָשַׁמָּה֙ שָׁבָ֔תָה לְמַלֹּ֖אות שִׁבְעִ֥ים שָׁנָֽה׃ פ", "text": "To-*mallōʾwt* *dəbar-yhwh* by-mouth-of *yirmĕyāhû* until-*rāṣtâ* the-*ʾāreṣ* *ʾet*-her-*šabbətôtehā* all-*yəmê* the-*šammâ* *šābātâ* to-*mallōʾwt* seventy *šānâ*", "grammar": { "*mallōʾwt*": "Piel infinitive construct - to fulfill", "*dəbar-yhwh*": "construct chain - word of YHWH", "*yirmĕyāhû*": "proper noun - Jeremiah", "*rāṣtâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - she enjoyed/paid off debt", "*ʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the land", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*šabbətôtehā*": "feminine plural noun + 3rd person feminine singular suffix - her sabbaths", "*yəmê*": "masculine plural construct noun - days of", "*šammâ*": "feminine singular noun with definite article - the desolation", "*šābātâ*": "Qal perfect 3rd person feminine singular - she rested", "*mallōʾwt*": "Piel infinitive construct - to fulfill", "*šānâ*": "feminine singular noun - year" }, "variants": { "*rāṣtâ*": "enjoyed/accepted/paid off debt", "*šammâ*": "desolation/devastation/lying waste", "*šābātâ*": "she rested/she kept sabbath/she ceased" } }
  • Isa 6:11 : 11 { "verseID": "Isaiah.6.11", "source": "וָאֹמַ֕ר עַד־מָתַ֖י אֲדֹנָ֑י וַיֹּ֡אמֶר עַ֣ד אֲשֶׁר֩ אִם־שָׁא֨וּ עָרִ֜ים מֵאֵ֣ין יוֹשֵׁ֗ב וּבָתִּים֙ מֵאֵ֣ין אָדָ֔ם וְהָאֲדָמָ֖ה תִּשָּׁאֶ֥ה שְׁמָמָֽה׃", "text": "*Wāʾōmar* until-when *ʾădōnāy* *wayyōʾmer* until that if-*shāʾû* *ʿārîm* from *ʾêyn* *yôshēb* and *bāttîm* from *ʾêyn* *ʾādām* and the *ʾădāmāh* *tishshāʾeh* *shəmāmāh*.", "grammar": { "*Wāʾōmar*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 1st person singular - and I said", "*ʿad-mātay*": "preposition + interrogative - until when/how long", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st person singular suffix - my Lord", "*wayyōʾmer*": "waw consecutive + qal imperfect, 3rd person masculine singular - and he said", "*ʿad*": "preposition - until", "*ʾăsher*": "relative particle - that/which", "*ʾim*": "conditional particle - if", "*shāʾû*": "qal perfect, 3rd person plural - they are desolate/ruined", "*ʿārîm*": "noun, feminine plural - cities", "*ʾêyn*": "particle of negation construct - without", "*yôshēb*": "qal participle, masculine singular - inhabitant/dweller", "*bāttîm*": "noun, masculine plural - houses", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/person", "*ʾădāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular with definite article - the land/ground", "*tishshāʾeh*": "niphal imperfect, 3rd person feminine singular - is laid waste", "*shəmāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation" }, "variants": { "*ʿad-mātay*": "until when/how long/until what time", "*ʾădōnāy*": "Lord/Master/my Lord (divine title)", "*shāʾāh*": "be desolate/ruined/devastated", "*ʿîr*": "city/town", "*yôshēb*": "inhabitant/dweller/resident", "*bayit*": "house/home/household", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/person", "*ʾădāmāh*": "ground/land/earth/soil", "*shāʾāh*": "be desolate/laid waste", "*shəmāmāh*": "desolation/wasteland/ruin" } }
  • Jer 6:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.6.8", "source": "הִוָּסְרִי֙ יְר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם פֶּן־תֵּקַ֥ע נַפְשִׁ֖י מִמֵּ֑ךְ פֶּן־אֲשִׂימֵ֣ךְ שְׁמָמָ֔ה אֶ֖רֶץ ל֥וֹא נוֹשָֽׁבָה׃ פ", "text": "Be-*hiwwāsərî* *yərûšālaim* lest-*tēqaʿ* my-*napšî* from-you lest-I-*ʾăśîmēḵ* *šəmāmāh* *ʾereṣ* not *nôšābāh*.", "grammar": { "*hiwwāsərî*": "niphal imperative, feminine singular - be instructed/corrected/disciplined", "*tēqaʿ*": "qal imperfect, 3rd feminine singular - turn away/be alienated", "*napšî*": "noun, feminine singular + 1st person singular suffix - my soul", "*ʾăśîmēḵ*": "qal imperfect, 1st person singular + 2nd feminine singular suffix - I make you", "*šəmāmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation/waste", "*ʾereṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth", "*nôšābāh*": "niphal participle, feminine singular - inhabited" }, "variants": { "*hiwwāsərî*": "be instructed/corrected/disciplined/chastened", "*tēqaʿ*": "turn away/be alienated/be torn away", "*napšî*": "my soul/my life/my self", "*šəmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/horror" } } 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.6.9", "source": "כֹּ֤ה אָמַר֙ יְהֹוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת עוֹלֵ֛ל יְעוֹלְל֥וּ כַגֶּ֖פֶן שְׁאֵרִ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל הָשֵׁב֙ יָדְךָ֔ כְּבוֹצֵ֖ר עַל־סַלְסִלּֽוֹת׃", "text": "Thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* *ṣəbāʾôt* thoroughly *yəʿôlləlû* like-the-*gepen* *šəʾērît* *yiśrāʾēl* *hāšēb* your-*yādḵā* like-*bôṣēr* over-*salsillôt*.", "grammar": { "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he said/spoke", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD/Yahweh", "*ṣəbāʾôt*": "noun, masculine plural construct - of hosts/armies", "*yəʿôlləlû*": "poel imperfect, 3rd masculine plural - they will glean thoroughly", "*gepen*": "noun, feminine singular - vine", "*šəʾērît*": "noun, feminine singular construct - remnant of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*hāšēb*": "hiphil imperative, masculine singular - return/turn back", "*yādḵā*": "noun, feminine singular + 2nd masculine singular suffix - your hand", "*bôṣēr*": "qal participle, masculine singular - grape gatherer", "*salsillôt*": "noun, feminine plural - baskets/grape clusters" }, "variants": { "*yəʿôlləlû*": "glean thoroughly/pick completely/pillage", "*šəʾērît*": "remnant/residue/remainder", "*hāšēb*": "return/turn back/restore", "*salsillôt*": "baskets/grape clusters/tendrils" } }
  • Jer 24:8-9 : 8 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.24.8", "source": "וְכַתְּאֵנִים֙ הָֽרָע֔וֹת אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־תֵאָכַ֖לְנָה מֵרֹ֑עַ כִּי־כֹ֣ה ׀ אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֗ה כֵּ֣ן אֶ֠תֵּן אֶת־צִדְקִיָּ֨הוּ מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָ֤ה וְאֶת־שָׂרָיו֙ וְאֵ֣ת ׀ שְׁאֵרִ֣ית יְרוּשָׁלִַ֗ם הַנִּשְׁאָרִים֙ בָּאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את וְהַיֹּשְׁבִ֖ים בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃", "text": "*wə-ḵattəʾēnîm* *hārāʿôt* which not-*tēʾāḵalnāh* from-*rōaʿ* for-thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH* so *ʾettēn* *ʾet*-*Ṣidqiyyāhû* *meleḵ*-*Yəhûdāh* *wə-ʾet*-*śārāyw* and *ʾēt* *šəʾērît* *Yərûšālaim* *hannišʾārîm* in-*hāʾāreṣ* *hazzōʾt* *wə-hayyōšəḇîm* in-*ʾereṣ* *Miṣrāyim*.", "grammar": { "*wə-ḵattəʾēnîm*": "conjunction + preposition + feminine plural with definite article - and like the figs", "*hārāʿôt*": "feminine plural adjective with definite article - the bad", "*tēʾāḵalnāh*": "Niphal imperfect, 3rd feminine plural - they could be eaten", "*rōaʿ*": "masculine singular - badness/evil", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*ʾettēn*": "Qal imperfect, 1st singular - I will give/make", "*meleḵ*": "masculine singular construct - king of", "*śārāyw*": "masculine plural construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - his officials", "*šəʾērît*": "feminine singular construct - remnant of", "*hannišʾārîm*": "Niphal participle, masculine plural with definite article - the ones remaining", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular with definite article - the land", "*hazzōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective, feminine singular - this", "*wə-hayyōšəḇîm*": "conjunction + Qal participle, masculine plural with definite article - and the ones dwelling", "*ʾereṣ*": "feminine singular construct - land of" }, "variants": { "*rōaʿ*": "badness/evil/poor quality", "*šəʾērît*": "remnant/remainder/survivors", "*hannišʾārîm*": "remaining/left behind/survived", "*hayyōšəḇîm*": "dwelling/living/staying" } } 9 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.24.9", "source": "וּנְתַתִּים֙ *לזועה **לְזַעֲוָ֣ה לְרָעָ֔ה לְכֹ֖ל מַמְלְכ֣וֹת הָאָ֑רֶץ לְחֶרְפָּ֤ה וּלְמָשָׁל֙ לִשְׁנִינָ֣ה וְלִקְלָלָ֔ה בְּכָל־הַמְּקֹמ֖וֹת אֲשֶֽׁר־אַדִּיחֵ֥ם שָֽׁם׃", "text": "*ûnətattîm* to-*zəʿăwāh* to-*rāʿāh* to-all *mamləḵôt* *hāʾāreṣ* to-*ḥerpāh* and-to-*māšāl* to-*šənînāh* and-to-*qəlālāh* in-all-*hamməqōmôt* which-*ʾaddîḥēm* there.", "grammar": { "*ûnətattîm*": "Qal perfect with waw conjunction, 1st singular with 3rd plural suffix - and I will give them", "*zəʿăwāh*": "feminine singular - horror/terror", "*rāʿāh*": "feminine singular - evil/disaster", "*mamləḵôt*": "feminine plural construct - kingdoms of", "*hāʾāreṣ*": "feminine singular with definite article - the earth/land", "*ḥerpāh*": "feminine singular - reproach/disgrace", "*māšāl*": "masculine singular - proverb/byword", "*šənînāh*": "feminine singular - taunt/object of ridicule", "*qəlālāh*": "feminine singular - curse", "*hamməqōmôt*": "masculine plural with definite article - the places", "*ʾaddîḥēm*": "Hiphil imperfect, 1st singular with 3rd plural suffix - I will drive them" }, "variants": { "*zəʿăwāh*": "horror/terror/object of trembling", "*rāʿāh*": "evil/disaster/calamity", "*ḥerpāh*": "reproach/disgrace/shame", "*māšāl*": "proverb/byword/object of ridicule", "*šənînāh*": "taunt/byword/object of scorn", "*qəlālāh*": "curse/cursing/execration", "*ʾaddîḥēm*": "drive away/banish/scatter" } } 10 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.24.10", "source": "וְשִׁלַּ֣חְתִּי בָ֔ם אֶת־הַחֶ֖רֶב אֶת־הָרָעָ֣ב וְאֶת־הַדָּ֑בֶר עַד־תֻּמָּם֙ מֵעַ֣ל הָאֲדָמָ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־נָתַ֥תִּי לָהֶ֖ם וְלַאֲבוֹתֵיהֶֽם׃ פ", "text": "*wə-šillaḥtî* among-them *ʾet*-*haḥereḇ* *ʾet*-*hārāʿāḇ* *wə-ʾet*-*haddāḇer* until-*tummām* from-upon *hāʾădāmāh* which-*nātattî* to-them and-to-*ʾăḇôtêhem*.", "grammar": { "*wə-šillaḥtî*": "Piel perfect with waw conjunction, 1st singular - and I will send", "*haḥereḇ*": "feminine singular with definite article - the sword", "*hārāʿāḇ*": "masculine singular with definite article - the famine", "*haddāḇer*": "masculine singular with definite article - the pestilence", "*tummām*": "Qal infinitive construct with 3rd plural suffix - their being consumed", "*hāʾădāmāh*": "feminine singular with definite article - the ground/land", "*nātattî*": "Qal perfect, 1st singular - I gave", "*ʾăḇôtêhem*": "masculine plural with 3rd plural suffix - their fathers" }, "variants": { "*haḥereḇ*": "sword/war/violence", "*hārāʿāḇ*": "famine/hunger", "*haddāḇer*": "pestilence/plague/disease", "*tummām*": "completion/consumption/end", "*hāʾădāmāh*": "ground/land/soil" } }
  • Jer 34:22 : 22 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.34.22", "source": "הִנְנִ֨י מְצַוֶּ֜ה נְאֻם־יְהוָ֗ה וַהֲשִׁ֨בֹתִ֜ים אֶל־הָעִ֤יר הַזֹּאת֙ וְנִלְחֲמ֣וּ עָלֶ֔יהָ וּלְכָד֖וּהָ וּשְׂרָפֻ֣הָ בָאֵ֑שׁ וְאֶת־עָרֵ֧י יְהוּדָ֛ה אֶתֵּ֥ן שְׁמָמָ֖ה מֵאֵ֥ין יֹשֵֽׁב׃", "text": "Behold I *məṣawweh* *nəʾum*-*yhwh* and I *hăšibōtîm* to the *ʿîr* the *zōʾt*, and they will *nilḥămû* against her, and they will *ləkādûhā* and they will *śərāpuhā* with the *ʾēš*, and *ʾet*-*ʿārê* *yəhûdāh* I *ʾettēn* *šəmāmāh* from *ʾên* *yōšēb*", "grammar": { "*məṣawweh*": "verb, piel participle, masculine singular - commanding", "*nəʾum*": "noun, masculine, singular, construct - declaration of", "*yhwh*": "proper noun, divine name - YHWH/LORD", "*hăšibōtîm*": "verb, hiphil perfect, 1st common singular with 3rd masculine plural suffix - I will bring them back", "*ʿîr*": "noun, feminine, singular, definite - the city", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective, feminine singular - this", "*nilḥămû*": "verb, niphal perfect, 3rd common plural - they will fight", "*ləkādûhā*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd common plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - they will capture her", "*śərāpuhā*": "verb, qal perfect, 3rd common plural with 3rd feminine singular suffix - they will burn her", "*ʾēš*": "noun, feminine, singular, definite - the fire", "*ʿārê*": "noun, feminine, plural, construct - cities of", "*yəhûdāh*": "proper noun - Judah", "*ʾettēn*": "verb, qal imperfect, 1st common singular - I will make", "*šəmāmāh*": "noun, feminine, singular - desolation", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - without", "*yōšēb*": "verb, qal participle, masculine singular - inhabitant" }, "variants": { "*məṣawweh*": "commanding/ordering/instructing", "*hăšibōtîm*": "I will bring them back/I will return them/I will restore them", "*nilḥămû*": "they will fight/they will battle/they will wage war", "*ləkādûhā*": "they will capture her/they will seize her/they will take her", "*śərāpuhā*": "they will burn her/they will set her on fire", "*ʾettēn*": "I will make/I will set/I will place", "*šəmāmāh*": "desolation/waste/desert", "*yōšēb*": "inhabitant/resident/dweller" } }
  • Jer 36:29 : 29 { "verseID": "Jeremiah.36.29", "source": "וְעַל־יְהוֹיָקִ֤ים מֶֽלֶךְ־יְהוּדָה֙ תֹּאמַ֔ר כֹּ֖ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה אַ֠תָּה שָׂרַ֜פְתָּ אֶת־הַמְּגִלָּ֤ה הַזֹּאת֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר מַדּוּעַ֩ כָּתַ֨בְתָּ עָלֶ֜יהָ לֵאמֹ֗ר בֹּֽא־יָב֤וֹא מֶֽלֶךְ־בָּבֶל֙ וְהִשְׁחִית֙ אֶת־הָאָ֣רֶץ הַזֹּ֔את וְהִשְׁבִּ֥ית מִמֶּ֖נָּה אָדָ֥ם וּבְהֵמָֽה׃", "text": "And-concerning-*Yəhōyāqîm* *melek*-*Yəhûdāh* *tōʾmar*, thus *ʾāmar* *YHWH*: *ʾattāh* *śāráptā* *ʾet*-the-*məgillāh* the-*zōʾt* *lēʾmōr*, why *kātábtā* upon-*ʿāleyhā* *lēʾmōr*, *bōʾ*-*yābōʾ* *melek*-*Bābel* and-*hišḥît* *ʾet*-the-*ʾāreṣ* the-*zōʾt* and-*hišbît* from-*mimmennāh* *ʾādām* and-*bəhēmāh*.", "grammar": { "*tōʾmar*": "Qal imperfect, 2nd masculine singular - you shall say", "*ʾāmar*": "Qal perfect, 3rd masculine singular - said", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - divine name", "*ʾattāh*": "2nd masculine singular pronoun - you", "*śāráptā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you burned", "*ʾet*": "direct object marker", "*məgillāh*": "definite noun, feminine singular - the scroll", "*zōʾt*": "demonstrative adjective, feminine singular - this", "*lēʾmōr*": "preposition + Qal infinitive construct - saying", "*kātábtā*": "Qal perfect, 2nd masculine singular - you wrote", "*ʿāleyhā*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - upon it", "*bōʾ*": "Qal infinitive absolute - coming", "*yābōʾ*": "Qal imperfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will come", "*melek*": "construct state, masculine singular - king of", "*Bābel*": "proper noun - Babylon", "*hišḥît*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will destroy", "*ʾāreṣ*": "definite noun, feminine singular - the land", "*hišbît*": "Hiphil perfect, 3rd masculine singular - he will cause to cease", "*mimmennāh*": "preposition + 3rd feminine singular suffix - from it", "*ʾādām*": "noun, masculine singular - man/mankind", "*bəhēmāh*": "noun, feminine singular - beast/cattle" }, "variants": { "*tōʾmar*": "you shall say/speak/tell", "*ʾāmar*": "said/spoke/declared", "*śāráptā*": "you burned/consumed with fire", "*məgillāh*": "scroll/roll", "*lēʾmōr*": "saying/thinking", "*kātábtā*": "you wrote/inscribed", "*bōʾ*-*yābōʾ*": "surely come (emphatic construction)", "*hišḥît*": "destroy/ruin/devastate", "*ʾāreṣ*": "land/earth/ground", "*hišbît*": "cause to cease/remove/eliminate", "*ʾādām*": "man/mankind/humanity", "*bəhēmāh*": "beast/cattle/livestock" } }
  • Ezek 33:27-29 : 27 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.33.27", "source": "כֹּֽה־תֹאמַ֨ר אֲלֵהֶ֜ם כֹּה־אָמַ֨ר אֲדֹנָ֣י יְהוִה֮ חַי־אָנִי֒ אִם־לֹ֞א אֲשֶׁ֤ר בֶּֽחֳרָבוֹת֙ בַּחֶ֣רֶב יִפֹּ֔לוּ וַֽאֲשֶׁר֙ עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הַשָּׂדֶ֔ה לַחַיָּ֥ה נְתַתִּ֖יו לְאָכְל֑וֹ וַאֲשֶׁ֛ר בַּמְּצָד֥וֹת וּבַמְּעָר֖וֹת בַּדֶּ֥בֶר יָמֽוּתוּ׃", "text": "Thus-*tōʾmar* to-them: thus-*ʾāmar* *ʾădōnāy* *YHWH*: *chay*-I, surely those in-the-*chorābôt* by-the-*chereb* *yippōlû*, and-those upon-*pənê* the-*śādeh* to-the-*chayyâ* *nətattîw* to-*ʾāklô*, and-those in-the-*məṣādôt* and-in-the-*məʿārôt* by-the-*deber* *yāmûtû*.", "grammar": { "*tōʾmar*": "qal imperfect 2nd masculine singular - you will say", "*ʾāmar*": "qal perfect 3rd masculine singular - he said", "*ʾădōnāy*": "noun, masculine singular with 1st common plural suffix - Lord/my Lord", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*chay*": "adjective, masculine singular - living/alive", "*chorābôt*": "noun, feminine plural - ruins/waste places", "*chereb*": "noun, feminine singular - sword", "*yippōlû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will fall", "*pənê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - face of/surface of", "*śādeh*": "noun, masculine singular - field/open country", "*chayyâ*": "noun, feminine singular - living thing/animal/beast", "*nətattîw*": "qal perfect 1st common singular with 3rd masculine singular suffix - I have given him", "*ʾāklô*": "qal infinitive construct with 3rd masculine singular suffix - to devour him", "*məṣādôt*": "noun, feminine plural - strongholds/fortresses", "*məʿārôt*": "noun, feminine plural - caves", "*deber*": "noun, masculine singular - plague/pestilence", "*yāmûtû*": "qal imperfect 3rd masculine plural - they will die" }, "variants": { "*chay*": "living/alive/as I live (oath formula)", "*chorābôt*": "ruins/waste places/desolate areas", "*chereb*": "sword/war/violence", "*pənê*": "face of/surface of/open area of", "*śādeh*": "field/open country/countryside", "*chayyâ*": "living creature/wild animal/beast", "*məṣādôt*": "strongholds/fortresses/mountain retreats", "*məʿārôt*": "caves/holes/dens", "*deber*": "plague/pestilence/disease" } } 28 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.33.28", "source": "וְנָתַתִּ֤י אֶת־הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ שְׁמָמָ֣ה וּמְשַׁמָּ֔ה וְנִשְׁבַּ֖ת גְּא֣וֹן עֻזָּ֑הּ וְשָֽׁמְמ֛וּ הָרֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵאֵ֥ין עוֹבֵֽר׃", "text": "*wənātattî* *ʾet*-the-*ʾāreṣ* *šəmāmâ* *ûməšammâ* and-*nišbat* *gəʾôn* *ʿuzzāh*; *wəšāmêmû* *hārê* *yiśrāʾēl* from-*ʾên* *ʿôbēr*.", "grammar": { "*wənātattî*": "conjunction + qal perfect 1st common singular - and I will give/make", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth", "*šəmāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation", "*ûməšammâ*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and waste/devastation", "*nišbat*": "niphal perfect 3rd masculine singular - it will cease", "*gəʾôn*": "noun, masculine singular construct - pride of", "*ʿuzzāh*": "noun, feminine singular construct with 3rd feminine singular suffix - her strength", "*wəšāmêmû*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd common plural - and they will be desolate", "*hārê*": "noun, masculine plural construct - mountains of", "*yiśrāʾēl*": "proper noun - Israel", "*ʾên*": "particle of negation - there is not", "*ʿôbēr*": "qal participle masculine singular - one passing by" }, "variants": { "*šəmāmâ*": "desolation/waste/devastation", "*məšammâ*": "waste/devastation/horror", "*nišbat*": "will cease/will end/will be discontinued", "*gəʾôn*": "pride/majesty/arrogance/excellence", "*ʿuzzāh*": "her strength/her power/her might", "*hārê*": "mountains of/hills of", "*ʾên*": "there is not/without/lacking", "*ʿôbēr*": "one passing by/traveler/visitor" } } 29 { "verseID": "Ezekiel.33.29", "source": "וְיָדְע֖וּ כִּֽי־אֲנִ֣י יְהוָ֑ה בְּתִתִּ֤י אֶת־הָאָ֙רֶץ֙ שְׁמָמָ֣ה וּמְשַׁמָּ֔ה עַ֥ל כָּל־תּוֹעֲבֹתָ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר עָשֽׂוּ׃ ס", "text": "*wəyādəʿû* that-I *YHWH* in-my-*tittî* *ʾet*-the-*ʾāreṣ* *šəmāmâ* *ûməšammâ* upon all-*tôʿăbōtām* which *ʿāśû*.", "grammar": { "*wəyādəʿû*": "conjunction + qal perfect 3rd common plural - and they will know", "*YHWH*": "proper noun - LORD", "*tittî*": "qal infinitive construct with 1st common singular suffix - my giving", "*ʾāreṣ*": "noun, feminine singular - land/earth", "*šəmāmâ*": "noun, feminine singular - desolation", "*ûməšammâ*": "conjunction + noun, feminine singular - and waste/devastation", "*tôʿăbōtām*": "noun, feminine plural construct with 3rd masculine plural suffix - their abominations", "*ʿāśû*": "qal perfect 3rd common plural - they did/performed" }, "variants": { "*yādəʿû*": "they will know/they will recognize/they will understand", "*šəmāmâ*": "desolation/waste/devastation", "*məšammâ*": "waste/devastation/horror", "*tôʿăbōtām*": "their abominations/their detestable practices/their abhorrent deeds" } }